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Harunobu Arima
was a Japanese samurai lord who was the daimyo of Shimabara Domain and the head of the Hizen-Arima clan''.'' In his early years, he was a retainer of Ryūzōji clan. Biography Harunobu was born in Hinoe Castle, the Arima clan castle that controlled the Shimabara area of Hizen Province. He was the second son and successor of Arima Yoshisada. After Yoshisada's death, he began the persecution of Kirishitan in his region. With Ryūzōji Takanobu expanding into his domain, Harunobu turned to the help of the Jesuits. Harunobu was baptized by Alessandro Valignano in 1579. His conversion was spurred by the prospects of the goods and military assistance offered by the Portuguese. He took the baptismal name Protasius, and later took the name John when he received Confirmation. As a result of his conversion to Christianity, Harunobu started to receive weapons from the Portuguese, which strengthened the Arima clan. Harunobu also founded a seminary and training center for no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hizen-Arima Clan
The is a Japanese samurai family.Edmund Papinot, Papinot, Jacques Edmond Joseph. (1906). ''Dictionnaire d’histoire et de géographie du Japon''; Papinot, (2003)"Arima," ''Nobiliare du Japon'', pp. 2-3 [PDF 6-7 of 80/nowiki>]; retrieved 2013-5-5. From 1695 until 1871 they ruled the Maruoka Domain as daimyo. They were appointed Kazoku, Viscount after the Meiji Restoration. History The clan is called Hizen-Arima clan after its province of origin to distinguish it from other unrelated clans of the same name. The clan claimed descent from Fujiwara Sumitomo (d. 941 AD), who settled in Iyo Province after the Tengyō no Ran war.Papinot, (2003)"Arima," ''Nobiliare du Japon'', p. 3 [PDF 7 of 80/nowiki>]; retrieved 2013-5-5. During the late Muromachi period, Arima Haruzumi was a powerful Kashindan, retainer of the Ashikaga shogunate and controlled the Shimabara Peninsula in northern Kyushu, and thus controlled trade between Japan and Portugal. During the Sengoku period, Haruzumi's desce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ryūzōji Clan
was a Japanese kin group which traces its origin to Hizen Province on the island of Kyushu. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005)"Hōki"in ''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 802. History The clan was founded by Fujiwara no Suekiyo in 1186. The clan was allied with Ashikaga Takauji in 1336, but they were defeated in fighting with the Ōtomo clan to the east and Shimazu clan to the south. Ryūzōji Takanobu is known for expanding his clan's holdings. He took land from the Shōni clan. Ryūzōji Masaie (1556–1607) was the son of Takanobu. In 1587, Masaie joined the forces of Toyotomi Hideyoshi against the Shimazu clan. In the same year, he was confirmed as head of the Saga Domain (350,000 ''koku''), but control of the domain passed to Nabeshima Naoshige Papinot, Jacques Edmond Joseph. (1906). ''Dictionnaire d'histoire et de géographie du Japon''; Papinot, (2003).html" ;"title="DF 54 of 80">"Ryūzōji", ''Nobiliare du Japon'', p. 50 [PDF 54 of 80/nowiki>">DF 54 of 80">"Ryūzōji", ''No ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organ (music)
Carol Williams performing at the United States Military Academy West Point Cadet Chapel.">West_Point_Cadet_Chapel.html" ;"title="United States Military Academy West Point Cadet Chapel">United States Military Academy West Point Cadet Chapel. In music, the organ is a keyboard instrument of one or more Pipe organ, pipe divisions or other means for producing tones, each played from its own Manual (music), manual, with the hands, or pedalboard, with the feet. Overview Overview includes: * Pipe organs, which use air moving through pipes to produce sounds. Since the 16th century, pipe organs have used various materials for pipes, which can vary widely in timbre and volume. Increasingly hybrid organs are appearing in which pipes are augmented with electric additions. Great economies of space and cost are possible especially when the lowest (and largest) of the pipes can be replaced; * Non-piped organs, which include: ** pump organs, also known as reed organs or harmoniums, which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Novice
A novice is a person who has entered a religious order and is under probation, before taking vows. A ''novice'' can also refer to a person (or animal e.g. racehorse) who is entering a profession A profession is a field of work that has been successfully ''professionalized''. It can be defined as a disciplined group of individuals, '' professionals'', who adhere to ethical standards and who hold themselves out as, and are accepted by ... with no prior experience. Religion Buddhism In many Buddhism, Buddhist orders, a man or woman who intends to take ordination must first become a novice, adopting part of the monastic code indicated in the vinaya and studying in preparation for full ordination. The name for this level of ordination varies from one tradition to another. In Pali, the word is samanera, which means 'small monk' or 'boy monk'. Christianity Catholicism A novice in Catholic canon law and tradition, is a ''prospective'' member of a religious order who i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seminary
A seminary, school of theology, theological seminary, or divinity school is an educational institution for educating students (sometimes called ''seminarians'') in scripture, theology, generally to prepare them for ordination to serve as clergy, in academics, or mostly in Christian ministry. The English word is taken from the Latin ''seminarium'', translated as ''seed-bed'', an image taken from the Council of Trent document ''Cum adolescentium aetas'' which called for the first modern seminaries. In the United States, the term is currently used for graduate-level theological institutions, but historically it was used for high schools. History The establishment of seminaries in modern times resulted from Roman Catholic reforms of the Counter-Reformation after the Council of Trent. These Tridentine seminaries placed great emphasis on spiritual formation and personal discipline as well as the study, first of philosophy as a base, and, then, as the final crown, theology. The oldest C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arima Clan
The is a Japanese samurai family. Papinot, Jacques Edmond Joseph. (1906). ''Dictionnaire d’histoire et de géographie du Japon''; Papinot, (2003).html" ;"title="DF 6-7 of 80">"Arima," ''Nobiliare du Japon'', pp. 2-3 [PDF 6-7 of 80/nowiki>">DF 6-7 of 80">"Arima," ''Nobiliare du Japon'', pp. 2-3 [PDF 6-7 of 80/nowiki> retrieved 2013-5-5. From 1695 until 1871 they ruled the Maruoka Domain as daimyo. They were appointed Kazoku, Viscount after the Meiji Restoration. History The clan is called Hizen-Arima clan after its province of origin to distinguish it from other unrelated clans of the same name. The clan claimed descent from Fujiwara Sumitomo (d. 941 AD), who settled in Iyo Province after the Tengyō no Ran war.Papinot, (2003).html" ;"title="DF 7 of 80">"Arima," ''Nobiliare du Japon'', p. 3 [PDF 7 of 80/nowiki>">DF 7 of 80">"Arima," ''Nobiliare du Japon'', p. 3 [PDF 7 of 80/nowiki> retrieved 2013-5-5. During the late Muromachi period, Arima Haruzumi was a powerful Kashindan, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Portugal
Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic ( pt, República Portuguesa, links=yes ), is a country whose mainland is located on the Iberian Peninsula of Southwestern Europe, and whose territory also includes the Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira. It features the westernmost point in continental Europe, and its Iberian portion is bordered to the west and south by the Atlantic Ocean and to the north and east by Spain, the sole country to have a land border with Portugal. Its two archipelagos form two autonomous regions with their own regional governments. Lisbon is the capital and largest city by population. Portugal is the oldest continuously existing nation state on the Iberian Peninsula and one of the oldest in Europe, its territory having been continuously settled, invaded and fought over since prehistoric times. It was inhabited by pre-Celtic and Celtic peoples who had contact with Phoenicians and Ancient Greek traders, it was ruled by the Ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Confirmation
In Christian denominations that practice infant baptism, confirmation is seen as the sealing of the covenant created in baptism. Those being confirmed are known as confirmands. For adults, it is an affirmation of belief. It involves laying on of hands. Catholicism views confirmation as a sacrament. The sacrament is called chrismation in the Eastern Christianity. In the East it is conferred immediately after baptism. In Western Christianity, confirmation is ordinarily administered when a child reaches the age of reason or early adolescence. When an adult is baptized, the sacrament is conferred immediately after baptism in the same ceremony. Among those Christians who practice teen-aged confirmation, the practice may be perceived, secondarily, as a " coming of age" rite. In many Protestant denominations, such as the Anglican, Lutheran, Methodist and Reformed traditions, confirmation is a rite that often includes a profession of faith by an already baptized person. Confirmatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baptismal Name
A Christian name, sometimes referred to as a baptismal name, is a religious personal name given on the occasion of a Christian baptism, though now most often assigned by parents at birth. In English-speaking cultures, a person's Christian name is commonly their first name and is typically the name by which the person is primarily known. Traditionally, a Christian name was given on the occasion of Christian baptism, with the ubiquity of infant baptism in modern and medieval Christendom. In Elizabethan England, as suggested by William Camden, the term ''Christian name'' was not necessarily related to baptism, used merely in the sense of "given name": Christian names were imposed for the distinction of persons, surnames for the difference of families. In more modern times, the terms have been used interchangeably with ''given name'', ''first name'' and ''forename'' in traditionally Christian countries, and are still common in day-to-day use. Strictly speaking, the Christian name ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alessandro Valignano
Alessandro Valignano, S.J., sometimes Valignani (Chinese: 范禮安 ''Fàn Lǐ’ān''; February 1539 – January 20, 1606), was an Italian Jesuit priest and missionary born in Chieti, part of the Kingdom of Naples, who helped supervise the introduction of Catholicism to the Far East, and especially to Japan and China. Jesuit historian Thomas J. Campbell called him "the greatest man of the esuitmissions in the East after Francis Xavier." Education and commission Valignano was born in Chieti, then part of the Kingdom of Naples, son of a Neapolitan aristocrat and friend of Pope Paul IV. He excelled as a student at the University of Padua, where he first obtained his doctorate in law at the age of 19. After several years in Rome, he returned to Padua in 1562 to study Christian theology. After spending a year in gaol, he returned to Rome in 1566 where he was admitted to the Society of Jesus. Valignano's insights into the Christian message convinced many within the Church ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jesuits
The Society of Jesus ( la, Societas Iesu; abbreviation: SJ), also known as the Jesuits (; la, Iesuitæ), is a religious order (Catholic), religious order of clerics regular of pontifical right for men in the Catholic Church headquartered in Rome. It was founded in 1540 by Ignatius of Loyola and six companions, with the approval of Pope Paul III. The society is engaged in evangelization and apostolic ministry in 112 nations. Jesuits work in education, research, and cultural pursuits. Jesuits also give retreats, minister in hospitals and parishes, sponsor direct social and humanitarian ministries, and promote Ecumenism, ecumenical dialogue. The Society of Jesus is consecrated under the patron saint, patronage of Madonna della Strada, a title of the Blessed Virgin Mary, and it is led by a Superior General of the Society of Jesus, Superior General. The headquarters of the society, its Curia, General Curia, is in Rome. The historic curia of Ignatius is now part of the attached to t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ryūzōji Takanobu
was a Japanese ''daimyō'' in Hizen Province during the Sengoku period. Takanobu was the head of the Ryūzōji clan. Biography Takanobu was the grandson of Ryūzōji Iekane (1454-1546). Ryūzōji Takanobu is known for expanding his clan's holdings. He took land from the Shōni clan. In 1578, Takanobu conquered almost all of Hizen Province. The following year, the Ryūzōji clan advanced to Chikuzen and Buzen. In 1580, Takanobu retired in Suko castle but he retained the real power until his death. In 1584, Ryūzōji retainer Arima Harunobu split from the clan. Seizing upon this opportunity, several of the local small clans in the Shimabara Peninsula also rose up in arms. Takanobu personally led an army of around 30,000 against the Shimazu-Arima, but was killed in the Battle of Okitanawate by Shimazu Iehisa's army. Ryūzōji Masaie (1556–1607) was the son of Takanobu. Following Takanobu's death, Ryūzōji clan was taken over by Takanobu's chief retainer Nabeshima Naoshi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
