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Hamilton, Victoria
Hamilton is a large town in south-western Victoria, Australia, Victoria, Australia, at the intersection of the Glenelg Highway and the Henty Highway. The Hamilton Highway connects it to Geelong. Hamilton is in the Australian House of Representatives, federal Division of Wannon, and is in the Shire of Southern Grampians, Southern Grampians Local Government Areas of Victoria, local government area. Hamilton claims to be the ''"Wool Capital of the World"'', based on its strong historical links to sheep grazing which continue today. The town uses the tagline "Greater Hamilton: one place, many possibilities". History Early history Hamilton was built near the border of three traditional Indigenous Australians, indigenous tribal territories: the Gunditjmara land that stretches south to the coast, the Tjapwurong land to the north east and the Bunganditj territory to the west. People who lived in these areas tended to be settled rather than nomadic. The region is fertile and well-watere ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Melbourne
Melbourne ( ; Boonwurrung/ Woiwurrung: ''Narrm'' or ''Naarm'') is the capital and most populous city of the Australian state of Victoria, and the second-most populous city in both Australia and Oceania. Its name generally refers to a metropolitan area known as Greater Melbourne, comprising an urban agglomeration of 31 local municipalities, although the name is also used specifically for the local municipality of City of Melbourne based around its central business area. The metropolis occupies much of the northern and eastern coastlines of Port Phillip Bay and spreads into the Mornington Peninsula, part of West Gippsland, as well as the hinterlands towards the Yarra Valley, the Dandenong and Macedon Ranges. It has a population over 5 million (19% of the population of Australia, as per 2021 census), mostly residing to the east side of the city centre, and its inhabitants are commonly referred to as "Melburnians". The area of Melbourne has been home to Abori ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lake Condah
Lake Condah, also known by its Gunditjmara name Tae Rak, is in the Australian state of Victoria, about west of Melbourne and north-east of Heywood by road. It is in the form of a shallow basin, about in length and wide. The lake is located in the Newer Volcanics Province, a geologically-defined area of western Victoria with the youngest volcanoes in Australia, not far west of the Budj Bim (Mt Eccles) volcano. It lies just outside the boundary of Budj Bim National Park, but within the Budj Bim heritage areas, including the Budj Bim Cultural Landscape, added to the World Heritage List in 2019. The area is known for the extensive aquaculture systems created by the local Gunditjmara people. Location and description The closest town is Heywood, some west of Melbourne. The lake is shallow, and about 4km long and 1km wide. It lies within the Budj Bim heritage areas, an area known for the ancient aquaculture systems created by the Gunditjmara at least 6,600 years ago to trap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles La Trobe
Charles la Trobe, CB (20 March 18014 December 1875), commonly Latrobe, was appointed in 1839 superintendent of the Port Phillip District of New South Wales and, after the establishment in 1851 of the colony of Victoria (now a state of Australia), he became its first lieutenant-governor. La Trobe was a strong supporter of religious, cultural and educational institutions. During his time as superintendent and lieutenant-governor he oversaw the establishment of the Botanic Gardens, and provided leadership and support to the formation of entities such as the Mechanic's Institute, the Royal Melbourne Hospital, the Royal Philharmonic, the Melbourne Cricket Ground and the University of Melbourne. La Trobe was the nephew of British architect Benjamin Henry Latrobe. Early life Charles La Trobe was born in London, the son of Christian Ignatius Latrobe, a leader of the Moravian Church, from a family of French Huguenot descent, whose mother was a member of the Moravian Church born ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foster Fyans
Foster Fyans (September 1790 – 23 May 1870) was an Irish military officer, penal colony administrator and public servant. He was acting commandant of the second convict settlement at Norfolk Island, the commandant of the Moreton Bay penal settlement at Brisbane, the first police magistrate at Geelong, and commissioner of crown lands for the Portland Bay pastoral district in the Port Phillip District of New South Wales. He is the great-great-grandfather of actor Sam Neill. Early life Fyans was born and baptised as an Anglican at Clontarf, Dublin in 1790, his father being a carpenter and a coach-maker in that city. He was educated at Drogheda Grammar School and at the Prospect School in Blackrock, Dublin. Peninsula War Fyans joined the British Army in 1811, being assigned the junior rank of ensign in the 67th Regiment of Foot. His battalion was soon deployed to assist in the Peninsula War. Fyans was present at both Cádiz and Cartagena while these cities were under siege f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Border Police Of New South Wales
The Border Police of New South Wales was a frontier policing body introduced by the colonial government of New South Wales with the passing of the ''Crown Lands Unauthorised Occupation Act 1839''. The Colony of New South Wales was expanding rapidly in the late 1830s, and the colonial government was concerned with the illegal occupation of lands and the rights of the Aboriginal people. The colonial government of New South Wales in 1839 legislated for a new policing body that would control these issues. This force was called the Border Police. The Border Police was organised into a number of sections and these were deployed to the various districts along the frontier. Each section was under the authority of the Commissioner of Crown Lands for that particular district and each commissioner had about 10 troopers. In order to reduce the cost of the force as much as possible, the troopers were taken from the population of convicts that existed in the colony at that time. The convicts ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Dana
Henry Edmund Pulteney Dana (1820–1852) established the Native Police Corps in the Port Phillip District (later Victoria) in 1842, he was responsible for two massacres of Aboriginal people one at Barmah Lake in 1843 and the other at Snowy River in 1846. Dana was born in England, his father being Captain William Pulteney Dana of the 6th Regiment. Henry Dana migrated to Van Diemen's Land (later Tasmania) in 1840, but in 1842 he relocated to the Port Phillip District where he renewed acquaintance with Superintendent Charles La Trobe, whom he knew in London. The two men became firm friends and Latrobe appointed Dana to establish a native police corps. Twenty-five Aborigines from various Gippsland tribes were enlisted at the depot at Narre Warren, and trained for mounted police duty by Dana and his second-in-command, Dudley Le Souef, under the general supervision of the assistant protector of Aborigines, William Thomas. Dana's police force lasted longer than the original corps set ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Native Police
Australian native police units, consisting of Aboriginal troopers under the command (usually) of at least one white officer, existed in various forms in all Australian mainland colonies during the nineteenth and, in some cases, into the twentieth centuries. The Native Mounted Police utilised horses as their transportation mode in the days before motor cars, and patrolled huge geographic areas. The introduction of a Police presence helped provide law & order to areas which were already struggling with crime issues. From established base camps they patrolled vast areas to investigate law breaches, including alleged murders. Often armed with rifles, carbines and swords, they sometimes also escorted surveying groups, pastoralists and prospectors through country considered to be dangerous. The Aboriginal men within the Native Police were routinely recruited from areas that were very distant from the locations in which they were deployed. As the troopers were Aboriginal, this benefite ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bathurst Free Press And Mining Journal
''The Bathurst Free Press and Mining Journal'', also published as ''The Bathurst Free Press'', ''Bathurst Times'', ''Bathurst Argus'', ''Bathurst Daily Argus'', ''Western Times'' and ''Western Advocate'', was a semiweekly English language broadsheet newspaper published in Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia. History ''The Bathurst Free Press'' took over from ''The Bathurst Advocate'' and was first published on 6 October 1849 by William Farrand. It sought to differentiate itself from the Advocate by changing its title and "being permitted to speak for ourselves in the plural, rather than the singular number". The paper changed its title again on 28 May 1851 to ''Bathurst Free Press and Mining Journal'' alongside an increase in its subscription rate due to the "pressing demands for early intelligence from the Gold Country". In 1859, John Charles White took over the publication over the newspaper and it remained in the family's occupation until it ceased distribution in March ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swivel Gun
The term swivel gun (or simply swivel) usually refers to a small cannon, mounted on a swiveling stand or fork which allows a very wide arc of movement. Another type of firearm referred to as a swivel gun was an early flintlock combination gun with two barrels that rotated along their axes to allow the shooter to switch between rifled and smoothbore barrels. Swivel guns should not be confused with pivot guns, which were far larger weapons mounted on a horizontal pivot, or screw guns, which are a mountain gun with a segmented barrel. An older term for the type is peterero (alternative spellings include "paterero" and "pederero"). The name was taken from the Spanish name for the gun, pedrero, a combination of the word piedra (stone) and the suffix -ero (-er), because stone was the first type of ammunition fired. Configuration Swivel guns are among the smallest types of cannon, typically measuring less than in length and with a bore diameter of up to . They can fire a variet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sheep Station
A sheep station is a large property (station, the equivalent of a ranch) in Australia or New Zealand, whose main activity is the raising of sheep for their wool and/or meat. In Australia, sheep stations are usually in the south-east or south-west of the country. In New Zealand the Merinos are usually in the high country of the South Island. These properties may be thousands of square kilometres in size and run low stocking rates to be able to sustainably provide enough feed and water for the stock. In Australia, the owner of a sheep station may be called a pastoralist, grazier; or formerly, a squatter (as in "Waltzing Matilda"), when their sheep grazing land was referred to as a sheep run. History Sheep stations and sheep husbandry began in Australia when the British colonisers started raising sheep in 1788 at Sydney Cove. Improvements and facilities In the Australian and New Zealand context, shearing involves an annual muster of sheep to be shorn, and the shearing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Wedge
Charles Wedge (1810–1895) was a surveyor and explorer of the North-West regions of Western Australia. Wedge was born in Cambridgeshire, England; he was the eldest son of Edward Davy Wedge and a nephew of John Helder Wedge. In 1824, he emigrated to the Colony of Van Diemens Land (later Tasmania) with his father, uncle and cousin, John Charles Darke. Charles Wedge worked initially as an assistant government surveyor with the Survey Department in Van Diemen's Land. He resigned in 1836, to work with John Helder Wedge on a sheep station in the Port Phillip District (later the Colony of Victoria). Charles Wedge managed the family's property at Werribee and then established a sheep station in the Western District of Victoria. In a letter to Governor Charles Latrobe in 1853 he complained of the troubles with Tjapwurrung aboriginals attacking shepherds and driving away flocks of sheep, to which Wedge wrote:"these depredations did not cease till many lives were sacrificed, and, I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Squatting (Australian History)
Squatting is a historical Australian term that referred to someone who occupied a large tract of Crown land in order to graze livestock. Initially often having no legal rights to the land, squatters became recognised by the colonial government as owning the land by being the first (and often the only) European settlers in the area. Eventually, the term "squattocracy", a play on "aristocracy", came into usage to refer to squatters and the social and political power they possessed. Evolution of meaning The term 'squatter' derives from its English usage as a term of contempt for a person who had taken up residence at a place without having legal claim. The use of 'squatter' in the early years of British settlement of Australia had a similar connotation, referring primarily to a person who had 'squatted' on Aboriginal land for pastoral or other purposes. In its early derogatory context the term was often applied to the illegitimate occupation of land by ticket-of-leave convicts o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
