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Haemosporida
The Haemosporida (sometimes called Haemospororida) are an order of intraerythrocytic parasitic alveolates. Taxonomy Over 500 species are in this order, organised into four families: the Garniidae, the Haemoproteidae, the Leucocytozoidae, and the Plasmodiidae. The majority of the species lie within three genera: ''Haemoproteus'', ''Leucocytozoon'', and ''Plasmodium''. The Haemoproteidae and the Plasmodiidae both produce pigment. These families have been placed in the suborder Laveraniina. Neither the Haemoproteidae nor the Leucocytozoidae have an asexual cycle in the peripheral blood. The Garniidae do not produce pigment, but do have an asexual cycle in the blood. The taxa in detail are: *Family Garniidae ** Genus '' Fallisia'' Lainson, Landau & Shaw 1974 *** Subgenus '' Fallisia'' *** Subgenus '' Plasmodioides'' Gabaldon, Ulloa and Zerpa 1985 ** Genus '' Garnia'' Lainson, Landau and Shaw 1971 ** Genus '' Progarnia'' Lainson 1995 *Family Haemoproteidae ** Genus '' Johnsprenti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haemoproteus
''Haemoproteus'' is a genus of alveolates that are parasitic in birds, reptiles and amphibians. Its name is derived from Greek: ''Haima'', "blood", and ''Proteus'', a sea god who had the power of assuming different shapes. The name ''Haemoproteus'' was first used in the description of '' H. columbae'' in the blood of the pigeon ''Columba livia'' by Kruse in 1890. This was also the first description of this genus. Two other genera — '' Halteridium'' and '' Simondia'' — are now considered to be synonyms of ''Haemoproteus''. The protozoa are intracellular parasites that infect the erythrocytes. They are transmitted by blood sucking insects including mosquitoes, biting midges (''Culicoides''), louse flies (''Hippoboscidae'') and horse-flies (" tabanids", "tabanid flies"). Infection with this genus is sometimes known as pseudomalaria because of the parasites' similarities with ''Plasmodium'' species. Within the genus there are at least 173 species, 5 varieties and 1 subspecies. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plasmodium
''Plasmodium'' is a genus of unicellular eukaryotes that are obligate parasites of vertebrates and insects. The life cycles of ''Plasmodium'' species involve development in a blood-feeding insect host which then injects parasites into a vertebrate host during a blood meal. Parasites grow within a vertebrate body tissue (often the liver) before entering the bloodstream to infect red blood cells. The ensuing destruction of host red blood cells can result in malaria. During this infection, some parasites are picked up by a blood-feeding insect (mosquitoes in majority cases), continuing the life cycle. ''Plasmodium'' is a member of the phylum Apicomplexa, a large group of parasitic eukaryotes. Within Apicomplexa, ''Plasmodium'' is in the order Haemosporida and family Plasmodiidae. Over 200 species of ''Plasmodium'' have been described, many of which have been subdivided into 14 subgenera based on parasite morphology and host range. Evolutionary relationships among different ''Pl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leucocytozoon
''Leucocytozoon '' (or ''Leukocytozoon'') is a genus of parasitic alveolates belonging to the phylum Apicomplexa (which also includes the malaria parasites). The species of this genus use either blackflies ('' Simulium'' species) or a biting midge as their definitive host and birds as their intermediate host. There are over 100 species in this genus. Over 100 species of birds have been recorded as hosts to these parasites. Life cycle Parasites in the genus ''Leucocytozoon'' have a life cycle that involves both a bird host, and a black fly (with the exception of ''Leucocytozoon caulleryi'' which cycles between a bird host and a biting midge). Parasites enter the bird host in a form called a sporozoite through the bite of the blood-sucking black fly. The sporozoites invade host cells in the liver where they undergo asexual replication, forming numerous daughter cells called merozoites within 4–5 days. The duration of this stage depends in part upon the species. In some spe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leucocytozoidae
''Leucocytozoon '' (or ''Leukocytozoon'') is a genus of parasitic Alveolata, alveolates belonging to the phylum Apicomplexa (which also includes the malaria parasites). The species of this genus use either blackflies (''Simulium'' species) or a biting midge as their definitive host and birds as their intermediate host. There are over 100 species in this genus. Over 100 species of birds have been recorded as hosts to these parasites. Life cycle Parasites in the genus ''Leucocytozoon'' have a life cycle that involves both a bird host, and a black fly (with the exception of ''Leucocytozoon caulleryi'' which cycles between a bird host and a biting midge). Parasites enter the bird host in a form called a sporozoite through the bite of the blood-sucking black fly. The sporozoites invade host cells in the liver where they undergo asexual replication, forming numerous daughter cells called merozoites within 4–5 days. The duration of this stage depends in part upon the species. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nycteria
''Nycteria'' is a genus of protozoan parasites that belong to the phylum Apicomplexa. It is composed of vector-borne haemosporidian parasites that infect a wide range of mammals such as primates, rodents and bats. Its vertebrate hosts are bats. First described by Garnham and Heisch in 1953, ''Nycteria'' is mostly found in bat species where it feeds off the blood of their hosts and causes disease. Within the host, ''Nycteria'' develops into peculiar lobulated schizonts in parenchyma cells of the liver, similarly to the stages of ''Plasmodium falciparum'' in the liver. The vector of Nycteria has been hard to acquire and identify. Because of this, the life cycle of ''Nycteria'' still remains unknown and understudied. It has been suggested that this vector could be an arthropod rather than a mosquito or the vector of most haemosporidian parasites. Etymology The word ''Nycteris'' is derived from the Greek word “nykteros”, also “bat”. ''Nycteris'' is a bat genus in the family ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mesnilium
''Mesnilium'' is a genus of parasitic alveolates belonging to the phylum Apicomplexia. Its vertebrate hosts are fish. The vectors are not presently known but are thought likely to be leeches. Taxonomy The genus was created in 1972 by Misra, Haldar and Chakravarty.Misra K.K., Haldar D.P. and Chakravarty M.M. (1972) Observations on Mesnilium malariae gen.nov., spec.nov. (Haemosporidia, Sporozoa) from the fresh water teleost, ''Ophicephalus punctatus'' Bloch. Arch. Protistenkd 114, 444-452 Description Merogony occurs in erythrocytes and reticulo-endothelial cells. Gamogony occurs only in erythrocytes and pigment granules are present only in microgamonts and macrogamete {{Short pages monitor [Baidu] |
Hepatocystis
''Hepatocystis'' is a genus of parasites transmitted by midges of the genus ''Culicoides''. Hosts include Old World primates, bats, hippopotamus and squirrels. This genus is not found in the New World. The genus was erected by Levaditi and Schoen, 1932, as ''Hepatocystes''. Taxonomy The type species is ''Hepatocystis kochi''. There are currently 25 recognised species in this genus. Species list * '' Hepatocystis bainae'' * '' Hepatocystis bouillezi'' * '' Hepatocystis brayi'' * '' Hepatocystis brosseti'' * '' Hepatocystis carpenteri'' * '' Hepatocystis cercopitheci'' * '' Hepatocystis epomophori'' * '' Hepatocystis fieldi'' * '' Hepatocystis foylei'' * '' Hepatocystis garnhami'' * '' Hepatocystis hipposideri'' * '' Hepatocystis hippopotami'' * '' Hepatocystis kochi'' * '' Hepatocystis levinei'' * '' Hepatocystis limnotragi'' * '' Hepatocystis malayensis'' * '' Hepatocystis muuli'' * '' Hepatocystis perronae'' * '' Hepatocystis pteropti'' * '' Hepatocystis ratufae'' * '' Hepa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dionisia
''Dionisia'' is a genus of parasitic alveolates belonging to the phylum Apicomplexia. The type species of this genus is ''Dionisia bunoi''. Taxonomy The genus was described by Landau ''et al.'' in 1980. Description The gametocytes are sexually dimorphic with the macrogametocytes being of the 'falciparum' type and the microgametocyte of the 'malariae' type. The schizonts develop in the lumen of the liver blood vessels inside a greatly hypertrophied host cell. They remain moderate in size and their cytoplasm is not intensely basophilic as is usually in the young stages of other mammalian Haemosporidia. Hosts The only known host of these parasites is the cyclops roundleaf bat (''Hipposideros cyclops The cyclops roundleaf bat or cyclops leaf-nosed bat (''Doryrhina cyclops'') is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae found in the forests of equatorial Africa. Description Cyclops roundleaf bats are relatively small, with adults rangin ...''). Geographical loca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Billbraya
''Billbraya'' is a genus of parasitic alveolates in the phylum Apicomplexia. It contains a single recognised species, ''Billbraya australis''. Description This genus was described in 1990 by Paperna and Landau. The genus is named after the parasiologist Robert ("Bill") Bray. While merogony mostly occurs in the erythrocytes (typically 2 parasites per cell and up to 95% infection rates) it may also occur in the monocytes. Gametocyte A gametocyte is a eukaryotic germ cell that divides by mitosis into other gametocytes or by meiosis into gametids during gametogenesis. Male gametocytes are called '' spermatocytes'', and female gametocytes are called ''oocytes''. Developmen ...s occur in the erythrocytes and may persist for months. Host range The only known host for this species is the marbled gecko ('' Phyllodactylus marmoratus''). Geographical range This parasite is found in Australia. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q4911772 Apicomplexa genera Haemosporida ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biguetiella
The type species of this genus is ''Biguetiella minuta''. Taxonomy The genus was described by Landau ''et al.'' in 1984.Landau I., Baccam D., Ratanaworabhan N., Yenbutra S., Boulard Y., Chabaud A.G. (1984) New Haemoproteidae parasites of ''Chiroptera'' in Thailand. Ann. Parasitol. Hum. Comp. 59(5):437-447 Description ''Biguetiella'' has small intra-hepatocytic schizonts (< 15 micrometres). Hosts The only known host of these parasites is the intermediate roundleaf bat (''Hipposideros larvatus
The intermediate roundleaf bat (''Hipposideros larvatus'') is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae. It is found in Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam
Vietnam or Viet N ... '').
Distribution ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bioccala
Bioccala is a genus of parasitic alveolates belonging to the phylum Apicomplexia. Taxonomy This subgenus was raised to genus status by Landau ''et al.'' in 1984. Hosts * Big brown bat ('' Eptesicus fuscus'') * Intermediate roundleaf bat (''Hipposideros larvatus The intermediate roundleaf bat (''Hipposideros larvatus'') is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae. It is found in Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam Vietnam or Viet N ...'') Distribution These parasites are found in Colombia and Thailand. References Apicomplexa genera Haemosporida {{Apicomplexa-stub de:Plasmodiidae ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Garniidae
The Garniidae are a family of parasites in the phylum Apicomplexia. Like many species in the Apicomplexia, all species in this family have two hosts in their lifecycles – one in a vertebrate and one in an invertebrate. The vertebrate hosts are reptiles or birds, but the invertebrate hosts are not known for many of the species. Species in this family are parasites of erythrocytes and diverse white blood cells. They do not produce pigment, but do have an asexual cycle in the blood Blood is a body fluid in the circulatory system of humans and other vertebrates that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells, and transports metabolic waste products away from those same cells. Blood in the cir .... The type genus is '' Garnia''. Taxonomy The genera recognised in this family are: * '' Fallisia'' * '' Garnia'' * '' Progarnia'' References Apicomplexa families Haemosporida {{Apicomplexa-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
