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Gianlorenzo Bernini
Gian Lorenzo (or Gianlorenzo) Bernini (, , ; Italian Giovanni Lorenzo; 7 December 159828 November 1680) was an Italian sculptor and architect. While a major figure in the world of architecture, he was more prominently the leading sculptor of his age, credited with creating the Baroque style of sculpture. As one scholar has commented, "What Shakespeare is to drama, Bernini may be to sculpture: the first pan-European sculptor whose name is instantaneously identifiable with a particular manner and vision, and whose influence was inordinately powerful ..." In addition, he was a painter (mostly small canvases in oil) and a man of the theater: he wrote, directed and acted in plays (mostly Carnival satires), for which he designed stage sets and theatrical machinery. He produced designs as well for a wide variety of decorative art objects including lamps, tables, mirrors, and even coaches. As an architect and city planner, he designed secular buildings, churches, chapels, and publi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galleria Borghese
The Galleria Borghese () is an art gallery in Rome, Italy, housed in the former Villa Borghese Pinciana. At the outset, the gallery building was integrated with its gardens, but nowadays the Villa Borghese gardens are considered a separate tourist attraction. The Galleria Borghese houses a substantial part of the Borghese Collection of paintings, sculpture and antiquities, begun by Cardinal Scipione Borghese, the nephew of Pope Paul V (reign 1605–1621). The building was constructed by the architect Flaminio Ponzio, developing sketches by Scipione Borghese himself, who used it as a ''villa suburbana'', a country villa at the edge of Rome. Scipione Borghese was an early patron of Bernini and an avid collector of works by Caravaggio, who is well represented in the collection by his '' Boy with a Basket of Fruit'', '' St Jerome Writing'', '' Sick Bacchus'' and others. Additional paintings of note include Titian's '' Sacred and Profane Love'', Raphael's ''Entombment of Christ'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pietro Bernini
Pietro Bernini (6 May 1562 – 29 August 1629) was an Italian sculptor. He was the father of one of the most famous artists of Baroque, Gian Lorenzo Bernini, as well as the sculptor-architect Luigi Bernini. Biography Bernini was born in Sesto Fiorentino, Tuscany. He moved to Naples to work on the Certosa di San Martino there, and Gian Lorenzo was born in Naples in 1598. In 1605 the family moved to Rome under the protection of Cardinal Scipione Borghese. In Rome he worked on various projects for Pope Paul V, another Borghese, including the Pauline Chapel in the Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore. One of Pietro Bernini's best known contributions to the city of Rome is the Fontana della Barcaccia (''Fountain of the Old Boat'') which resembles a beached ship and is located at the foot of the Spanish Steps. It was commissioned by Pope Urban VIII and built in 1627. He also contributed to the Fountain of Neptune, Naples, completed between 1600 and 1601. Initially collaborating w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Damned Soul (Bernini)
''Damned Soul'' ( it, Anima dannata) is a marble sculpture bust by the Italian artist Gian Lorenzo Bernini as a pendant piece to his '' Blessed Soul''. According to Rudolf Wittkower, the sculpture is in the Palazzo di Spagna in Rome. This may well be what is known today as the Palazzo Monaldeschi. There is a bronze copy, executed by Massimiliano Soldani Benzi some time between 1705 and 1707, in the Liechtenstein Collection. Recent scholarship on the sculpture has queried whether its topic is not the Christian personifications of pain (possibly inspired by prints by Karel van Mallery), but a depiction of a satyr. See also *List of works by Gian Lorenzo Bernini The following is a list of works of sculpture, architecture, and painting by the Italian Baroque artist Gian Lorenzo Bernini. The numbering follows Rudolph Wittkower's Catalogue, published in 1966 in ''Gian Lorenzo Bernini: The Sculptor of the Roma ... Notes References * * * * * * External links {{Gian Loren ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Goat Amalthea With The Infant Jupiter And A Faun
''The Goat Amalthea with the Infant Jupiter and a Faun'' is the earliest known work by the Italian artist Gian Lorenzo Bernini. Produced sometime between 1609 and 1615,Wittkower 1955, p. 231.Mormando 2011, p. 29.Avery 1997, p. 19. the sculpture is now in the Borghese Collection at the Galleria Borghese in Rome. Background According to Filippo Baldinucci, even before Pietro Bernini moved his family from Naples to Rome, eight-year-old Gian Lorenzo created a "small marble head of a child that was the marvel of everyone".Baldinucci 2006, p. 8. Throughout his teenage years, he produced numerous images containing ''putti'', chubby male children usually nude and sometimes winged. Distinct from cherubim, who represent the second order of angels, these ''putti'' figures were secular and presented a non-religious passion.Dempsey 2000, pp. 3–4. Of the three surviving marble groups of ''putti'' that can be attributed to Bernini, ''The Goat Amalthea with the Infant Jupiter and a Faun'' is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Villa Borghese Gardens
Villa Borghese is a landscape garden in Rome, containing a number of buildings, museums (see Galleria Borghese) and attractions. It is the third largest public park in Rome (80 hectares or 197.7 acres) after the ones of the Villa Doria Pamphili and Villa Ada. The gardens were developed for the Villa Borghese Pinciana ("Borghese villa on the Pincian Hill"), built by the architect Flaminio Ponzio, developing sketches by Scipione Borghese, who used it as a ''villa suburbana'', or party villa, at the edge of Rome, and to house his art collection. The gardens as they are now were remade in the late 18th century. History In 1605, Cardinal Scipione Borghese, nephew of Pope Paul V and patron of Bernini, began turning this former vineyard into the most extensive gardens built in Rome since Antiquity. The vineyard's site is identified with the gardens of Lucullus, the most famous in the late Roman republic. In the 19th century much of the garden's former formality was remade as a land ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Rape Of Proserpina (Bernini)
''The Rape of Proserpina'' ( it, Ratto di Proserpina), more accurately translated as ''the Abduction of Proserpina'', is a large Baroque marble group sculpture by Italian artist Gian Lorenzo Bernini, executed between 1621 and 1622, when Bernini's career was in its early stage. The group, finished when Bernini was just 23 years old, depicts the abduction of Proserpina, who is seized and taken to the underworld by the god Pluto. It features a Pluto holding a Proserpina aloft, and a Cerberus to symbolize the border into the underworld that Pluto carries Proserpina into. Cardinal Scipione Borghese commissioned the sculpture and gave it to the newly-appointed Cardinal-nephew, Ludovico Ludovisi, possibly as a means of gaining favor. The choice to depict the myth of Proserpina may relate to the recent death of Pope Paul V, or to the recent empowerment of Ludovico. Bernini drew heavy inspiration from Giambologna and Annibale Carracci for the sculpture, which is also the only work f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aeneas, Anchises, And Ascanius
''Aeneas, Anchises, and Ascanius'' is a sculpture by the Italian artist Gian Lorenzo Bernini created c. 1618-19. Housed in the Galleria Borghese in Rome, the sculpture depicts a scene from the ''Aeneid'', where the hero Aeneas leads his family from burning Troy. The life-sized group shows three generations of Aeneas' family. The young man is Aeneas, who carries an older man—his father, Anchises—on his shoulder. He gazes down to the side with a strong determination. Aeneas' lineage from the gods—his mother is Aphrodite—is emphasized through the lion skin draped around his body. (A lion skin commonly stands for power, and is often related to Hercules, a descendant of Zeus ) Behind Aeneas follows his young son, Ascanius. The statue was made by Bernini when he was twenty years old, although it is often thought that he had help from his father, Pietro Bernini Through his father, the younger Bernini was gaining renown in the higher circles of Rome; Pietro's famous Mannerist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pope Paul V Borghese By Gian Lorenzo Bernini, 1621-1622 - Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek - Copenhagen - DSC09342
The pope ( la, papa, from el, πάππας, translit=pappas, 'father'), also known as supreme pontiff ( or ), Roman pontiff () or sovereign pontiff, is the bishop of Rome (or historically the patriarch of Rome), head of the worldwide Catholic Church, and has also served as the head of state or sovereign of the Papal States and later the Vatican City State since the eighth century. From a Catholic viewpoint, the primacy of the bishop of Rome is largely derived from his role as the apostolic successor to Saint Peter, to whom primacy was conferred by Jesus, who gave Peter the Keys of Heaven and the powers of "binding and loosing", naming him as the "rock" upon which the Church would be built. The current pope is Francis, who was elected on 13 March 2013. While his office is called the papacy, the jurisdiction of the episcopal see is called the Holy See. It is the Holy See that is the sovereign entity by international law headquartered in the distinctively independent Vatican ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tomaso Montanari
Tomaso Montanari (born 15 October 1971) is an Italian art historian, academic and essayist. Life He was born in Florence and there attended the liceo classico Dante, before graduating from the University of Pisa and studying alongside Paola Barocchi at the Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa. He became ordinary professor of Modern Art History at the Università per Stranieri di Siena before teaching at the Università della Tuscia, the Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata and the Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II. He is notable as one of the most authoritative authors on western Baroque art, on which he has written over one hundred essays in scholarly reviews and for noted publishers. He is president of the Comitato tecnico scientifico per le Belle Arti (technical scientific committee for fine arts) in Italy's Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Activities, and is thus also ''ex officio'' a member of the Consiglio Universitario Nazionale. He is also a member of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Howard Hibbard
Benjamin Howard Hibbard, Jr. (May 23, 1928 – October 29, 1984) was an American art historian and educator. Hibbard was Professor of Italian Baroque Art at Columbia University. Career A native of Madison, Hibbard was born to Margaret and Benjamin, Sr., an agricultural economics professor at the University of Wisconsin. Hibbard received both a Bachelor of Arts in philosophy and a Master of Arts in art history from the University of Wisconsin in 1949 and 1952, respectively. His master's thesis was on the Basilica of Notre-Dame du Port. Hibbard then continued on to Harvard University, where he earned a PhD in art history in 1958. His doctoral dissertation on the Palazzo Borghese in Rome.http://id.lib.harvard.edu/alma/990038545870203941/catalog Hibbard also spent that year as a Fellow at the American Academy in Rome. A year after graduating, Hibbard joined the faculty at Columbia University. In 1965, he was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship, and in the following year, became a full ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rudolf Wittkower
Rudolf Wittkower (22 June 1901 – 11 October 1971) was a British art historian specializing in Italian Renaissance and Baroque art and architecture, who spent much of his career in London, but was educated in Germany, and later moved to the United States. Despite having a British father who stayed in Germany after his studies, he was born and raised in Berlin. Early life Wittkower was born in Berlin to Henry Wittkower (1865–1942) and Gertrude Ansbach (Wittkower) (1876–1965). Career Rudolf Wittkower moved to London in 1933 with his wife Margot Holzmann because they were both Jewish and were fleeing Nazi Germany. He taught at the Warburg Institute, University of London from 1934 to 1956, was appointed Durning Lawrence professor at the Slade School of Fine Art, University College, London in 1949 and then moved to the United States to work at Columbia University from 1956 to 1969 where he was chairman of the Department of Art History and Archaeology. Among Wittkower's books ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Counter Reformation
The Counter-Reformation (), also called the Catholic Reformation () or the Catholic Revival, was the period of Catholic resurgence that was initiated in response to the Protestant Reformation. It began with the Council of Trent (1545–1563) and largely ended with the conclusion of the European wars of religion in 1648. Initiated to address the effects of the Protestant Reformation, the Counter-Reformation was a comprehensive effort composed of apologetic and polemical documents and ecclesiastical configuration as decreed by the Council of Trent. The last of these included the efforts of Imperial Diets of the Holy Roman Empire, heresy trials and the Inquisition, anti-corruption efforts, spiritual movements, and the founding of new religious orders. Such policies had long-lasting effects in European history with exiles of Protestants continuing until the 1781 Patent of Toleration, although smaller expulsions took place in the 19th century. Such reforms included the foundatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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