Gholamhossein Karbaschi
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Gholamhossein Karbaschi
Gholamhossein Karbaschi ( fa, غلامحسین کرباسچی, Gholām-Hosein Karbāschī, ; born 23 August 1954) is an Iranian politician and former Shia cleric who was the Mayor of Tehran from 1990 until 1998. He is considered politically reformist and is a close ally of former president Mohammad Khatami. He was arrested, tried convicted and imprisoned on corruption charges in what the ''New York Times'' claimed "was widely seen among moderates as a politically motivated attack" by the government's conservatives and hard-liners to thwart President Mohammad Khatami's reformist agenda.Iran's Ex-President Backs a Jailed Aide
''The New York Times'', 9 May 1999.
He was the General Secretary of

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Mayor Of Tehran
The Mayor of Tehran is an elected politician who, along with the City Council of 21 members, is accountable for the strategic government of Tehran. Since 2 September 2021, Alireza Zakani is the mayor of Tehran. Previously, the position was held by Pirouz Hanachi, who held office for three years. List Pre-1979 Mayors appointed by Interior Minister Mayors elected by City Association Post-1979 Mayors appointed by Interior Minister Mayors elected by City Council See also * List of mayors of Shiraz * List of mayors of Tabriz * List of members of City Council of Tehran * Politics of Tehran * Timeline of Tehran References {{Mayors of Tehran * Tehran Mayors In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a Municipal corporation, municipal government such as that of a city or a town. Worldwide, there is a wide variance in local laws and customs regarding the powers and responsibilities ...
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Tehran
Tehran (; fa, تهران ) is the largest city in Tehran Province and the capital of Iran. With a population of around 9 million in the city and around 16 million in the larger metropolitan area of Greater Tehran, Tehran is the most populous city in Iran and Western Asia, and has the second-largest metropolitan area in the Middle East, after Cairo. It is ranked 24th in the world by metropolitan area population. In the Classical era, part of the territory of present-day Tehran was occupied by Rhages, a prominent Median city destroyed in the medieval Arab, Turkic, and Mongol invasions. Modern Ray is an urban area absorbed into the metropolitan area of Greater Tehran. Tehran was first chosen as the capital of Iran by Agha Mohammad Khan of the Qajar dynasty in 1786, because of its proximity to Iran's territories in the Caucasus, then separated from Iran in the Russo-Iranian Wars, to avoid the vying factions of the previously ruling Iranian dynasties. The capital has been ...
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Islamic Association Of Iranian Medical Society
Islamic Association of Iranian Medical Society ( fa, انجمن اسلامی جامعه پزشکی ایران) is an Iranian reformist political party affiliated with the Council for Coordinating the Reforms Front. Members * Mohammad Farhadi * Abolfazl Soroush * Mehdi Khazali * Gholamreza Ansari * Mostafa Moein * Ali Shakouri-Rad Ali Shakouri-Rad ( fa, علی شکوری‌راد) is an Iranian physician and reformist politician. He is a member of Central Council in the Islamic Iran Participation Front and Islamic Association of Iranian Medical Society. From 2015 to 2021, h ... Party leaders References External links Official website Reformist political groups in Iran 1993 establishments in Iran Political parties established in 1993 Medical associations based in Iran {{Iran-party-stub ...
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2009 Iranian Presidential Election
Presidential elections were held in Iran on 12 June 2009, with incumbent Mahmoud Ahmadinejad running against three challengers. The next morning the Islamic Republic News Agency, Iran's news agency, announced that with two-thirds of the votes counted, Ahmadinejad had won the election with 62% of the votes cast, and that Mir-Hossein Mousavi had received 34% of the votes cast. There were large irregularities in the results and people were surprised by them, which resulted in protests of millions of Iranians, across every Iranian city and around the world and the emergence of the opposition Iranian Green Movement. Many Iranian figures directly supported the protests and declared the votes were fraudulent. Among them, many film directors like Jafar Panahi (who was consequently banned from making movies for 20 years and condemned to six years imprisonment), Mohammad Rasoulof (also condemned to 6 years imprisonment), actors and actresses like Pegah Ahangarani (who was consequently im ...
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Mehdi Karroubi
Mehdi Karroubi ( fa, مهدی کروبی, Mehdi Karrubi, born 26 September 1937) is an Iranian Shia cleric and Iranian reform movement, reformist politician leading the National Trust Party (Iran), National Trust Party. Following 2009–2010 Iranian election protests, Karroubi was put under house arrest in February 2011 – reportedly ordered by the Supreme Leader of Iran – without officially being charged, although he is accused of being a "seditionist" and "traitor". As of 2021, he is still confined to his house. He was the speaker of the Majlis of Iran, parliament from 1989 to 1992 and 2000 to 2004, and a presidential candidate in the 2005 Iranian presidential election, 2005 and 2009 Iranian presidential election, 2009 presidential elections. He has been described as a "moderate" with a "mostly rural" base of support. Karroubi considers himself a pragmatic reformist and now is one of the leaders of the Iranian Green Movement. He is a founding member and former secretary-gen ...
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Campaign Manager
{{Political campaigning A campaign manager, campaign chairman, or campaign director is a paid or volunteer individual whose role is to coordinate a political campaign's operations such as fundraising, advertising, polling, getting out the vote (with direct contact to the public), and other activities supporting the effort, directly. Apart from the candidate, they are often a campaign's most visible leader. However, modern campaign managers, particularly at the presidential level, are mostly concerned with executing strategy, not setting it. The senior strategists are typically outside political consultants, primarily pollsters and media consultants. Particularly for large, well-funded campaigns, campaign managers often manage a huge number of staffers and volunteers in a variety of departments, while also coordinating closely with the candidate and outside consultants. In the United States, increasingly, campaign management has been a speciality occupation. The top-tier of m ...
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Ali Akbar Mohtashamipur
Ali Akbar Mohtashamipur or Mohtashami ( fa, سید علی‌اکبر محتشمی‌پور‎; 30 August 1947 – 7 June 2021) was an Iranian Shia cleric who was active in the 1979 Iranian Revolution and later became interior minister of the Islamic Republic of Iran. He is "seen as a founder of the Hezbollah movement in Lebanon"Iranian publisher defies court
''BBC,'' 26 June 2000
and one of the "radical elements advocating the ," in the Iranian clerical hierarchy. In an Israeli assassination attempt targeting Mohtashami, he lost his right hand when he opened a book loaded with explosives.

Hossein Marashi
Hossein Marashi ( fa, حسین مرعشی; born 17 November 1958 in Rafsanjan) is an Iranian politician. He served as the Iranian Vice President for Cultural Heritage and Tourism from 2003 to 2005. Prior to that, Marashi represented Kerman in the Iranian parliament. He strongly backed opposition candidate Mousavi in the 2009 Iranian election. Marashi is also reportedly a close ally of Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, another former president. He has been secretary general of the Executives of Construction Party. He has been named the head of vice-president Eshaq Jahangiri's campaign. He was the head of the province of Kerman for nearly nine years. He founded a Kerman-based charity by the name of Mol-Al-Movahedin Charity (or Non-Profit) Institute, which owns Mahan Air, an Iranian private airline. In 2011, the charity was involved in a scandal when it was accused of buying airplanes on behalf of Mahan Air. The airline had been facing sanctions by the United States Department of the Treas ...
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Isfahan
Isfahan ( fa, اصفهان, Esfahân ), from its Achaemenid empire, ancient designation ''Aspadana'' and, later, ''Spahan'' in Sassanian Empire, middle Persian, rendered in English as ''Ispahan'', is a major city in the Greater Isfahan Region, Isfahan Province, Iran. It is located south of Tehran and is the capital of Isfahan Province. The city has a population of approximately 2,220,000, making it the third-largest city in Iran, after Tehran and Mashhad, and the second-largest metropolitan area. Isfahan is located at the intersection of the two principal routes that traverse Iran, north–south and east–west. Isfahan flourished between the 9th and 18th centuries. Under the Safavids, Safavid dynasty, Isfahan became the capital of Achaemenid Empire, Persia, for the second time in its history, under Shah Abbas the Great. The city retains much of its history. It is famous for its Perso–Islamic architecture, grand boulevards, covered bridges, palaces, tiled mosques, and mina ...
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International Journal Of Middle East Studies
The ''International Journal of Middle East Studies'' is a scholarly journal published by the Middle East Studies Association of North America (MESA), a learned society. See also * Middle East Research and Information Project * Association for the Study of the Middle East and Africa * ''Middle East Quarterly'' References External links IJMES Editorial Officeat The Graduate Center, CUNY On-line archiveat Cambridge University Press Cambridge University Press is the university press of the University of Cambridge. Granted letters patent by Henry VIII of England, King Henry VIII in 1534, it is the oldest university press A university press is an academic publishing hou ... Middle Eastern studies in the United States Non-Islamic Islam studies literature Quarterly journals Cambridge University Press academic journals English-language journals Middle Eastern studies journals Academic journals associated with learned and professional societies Publications establ ...
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Iranian Reform Movement
The Reformists ( fa, اصلاح‌طلبان, Eslâh-Talabân) are a political faction in Iran. Iran's "reform era" is sometimes said to have lasted from 1997 to 2005—the length of President Mohammad Khatami's two terms in office. The Council for Coordinating the Reforms Front is the main umbrella organization and coalition within the movement; however, there are reformist groups not aligned with the council, such as the Reformists Front. Background Organizations The 2nd of Khordad Movement usually refers not only to the coalition of 18 groups and political parties of the reforms front but to anyone else who was a supporter of the 1997 reform programs of Khatami. The ideology of Khatami and the movement is based on Islamic democracy. The reforms front consists of several political parties, some of the most famous including the following : * Islamic Iran Participation Front: key figures are Mohammad Reza Khatami, Saeed Hajjarian, Alireza Alavitabar, Abbas Abdi, Mohsen ...
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Ham-Mihan
''Ham-Mihan'' ( fa, هم‌میهن, lit=Compatriot) was a reformist daily newspaper in Tehran, Iran. It was in circulation between 2000 and 2009. History and profile In January 2000 Gholamhossein Karbaschi, former mayor of Tehran, established ''Ham Mihan'' after he was released from prison. He also ran the paper and was its managing editor. The chief editor of ''Ham-Mihan'' was Mohammad Ghouchani. Mohammad Atrianfar served as the policy director of the paper which was based in Tehran. The paper backed Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani in the Iranian presidential election, 2005, presidential elections held in 2005. It was temporarily closed in May 2000 and in July 2007 by a court in Tehran. The paper was relaunched in 2009, but was suspended in July 2009. In September 2013, Karbaschi petitioned the Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance to lift the ban on publication and his request was accepted. However, the publication license was not granted. See also *List of newspapers in Iran ...
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