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G7e
The G7e torpedo was the standard electric torpedo used by the German '' Kriegsmarine'' submarines in World War II. It came in 20 different versions, with the initial model G7e(TII) in service at the outbreak of the war. Due to several problems, leading to the German "''Torpedokrise''" which lasted until the end of 1941, the improved G7e(TIII) took over as the standard electric torpedo used by German U-boats for the rest of the war. G7e torpedoes measured in diameter and about in length. Depending on the type, the warhead contained a main charge of of '' Schießwolle 36'', a mixture of dipicrylamine and TNT. All were powered by electric motors and lead-acid batteries which required onboard maintenance to maintain their functionality. Other major G7e-versions that saw operational service during the war, were the first acoustic homing torpedo G7es(TIV) ''Falke'' and its improved successor G7es(TV) ''Zaunkönig''. G7e(TII) The G7e(TII) went in service with German U-boat fleets ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of World War II Torpedoes Of Germany
List of World War II ''Kriegsmarine'' torpedoes ''Kriegsmarine'' torpedo designation system The first letter indicates the diameter: * G = 53 cm (21 in) * F = 45 cm (17.7 in) * H = 60 cm (23.7 in) * M = 75 cm (30 in) The number indicates the approximate length (for example, the length of the TI is 7163 mm): * 7 = 7 m * 6 = 6 m * 5 = 5 m Next letter(s) indicates specific features regarding propulsion and control: * a = Atem, i.e. Pressluft/Dampfgemisch-Antrieb (pressurized air/steam - "wetheater" - engine) * e = Elektrischer Antrieb (electric engine) * f = Fernlenkung (remote control by radio or cable) * d = Sauerstoff/Dampfgemisch-Antrieb (oxygen/steam engine) * p = Primärbatterie-Antrieb (primary battery propulsion) * m = Verbrennungsmaschine mit Kreislaufverfahren (combustion engine recirculating air) * u = Sauerstoffträger Ingolin spurenfreier Antrieb (oxygen/steam engine with hydrogen peroxide as source for air, and no exposing "b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LUT (torpedo)
List of World War II ''Kriegsmarine'' torpedoes ''Kriegsmarine'' torpedo designation system The first letter indicates the diameter: * G = 53 cm (21 in) * F = 45 cm (17.7 in) * H = 60 cm (23.7 in) * M = 75 cm (30 in) The number indicates the approximate length (for example, the length of the TI is 7163 mm): * 7 = 7 m * 6 = 6 m * 5 = 5 m Next letter(s) indicates specific features regarding propulsion and control: * a = Atem, i.e. Pressluft/Dampfgemisch-Antrieb (pressurized air/steam - "wetheater" - engine) * e = Elektrischer Antrieb (electric engine) * f = Fernlenkung (remote control by radio or cable) * d = Sauerstoff/Dampfgemisch-Antrieb (oxygen/steam engine) * p = Primärbatterie-Antrieb (primary battery propulsion) * m = Verbrennungsmaschine mit Kreislaufverfahren (combustion engine recirculating air) * u = Sauerstoffträger Ingolin spurenfreier Antrieb (oxygen/steam engine with hydrogen peroxide as source for air, and no exposing "b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
FAT (torpedo)
List of World War II ''Kriegsmarine'' torpedoes ''Kriegsmarine'' torpedo designation system The first letter indicates the diameter: * G = 53 cm (21 in) * F = 45 cm (17.7 in) * H = 60 cm (23.7 in) * M = 75 cm (30 in) The number indicates the approximate length (for example, the length of the TI is 7163 mm): * 7 = 7 m * 6 = 6 m * 5 = 5 m Next letter(s) indicates specific features regarding propulsion and control: * a = Atem, i.e. Pressluft/Dampfgemisch-Antrieb (pressurized air/steam - "wetheater" - engine) * e = Elektrischer Antrieb (electric engine) * f = Fernlenkung (remote control by radio or cable) * d = Sauerstoff/Dampfgemisch-Antrieb (oxygen/steam engine) * p = Primärbatterie-Antrieb (primary battery propulsion) * m = Verbrennungsmaschine mit Kreislaufverfahren (combustion engine recirculating air) * u = Sauerstoffträger Ingolin spurenfreier Antrieb (oxygen/steam engine with hydrogen peroxide as source for air, and no exposing "b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GNAT (torpedo)
The G7es (T5) ''"Zaunkönig"'' ("wren") was a passive acoustic torpedo employed by German U-boats during World War II. It was called the GNAT (German Navy Acoustic Torpedo) by the British. Description The forerunner of the ''Zaunkönig'' was the G7e/T4 Falke, codename "Falcon," which was introduced in March 1943, but saw limited use for trial and was rapidly phased out of service in favor of the later model that received a number of significant enhancements. It was faster, had more range, possessed a magnetic or contact detonator and could be equipped with a percussion pistol. The T5 torpedo was capable of travelling at 24 knots (44 km/h) and had an effective range of about 5000 metres against convoy escorts vessels proceeding at speeds between 10 (18 km/h) and 18 knots (33 km/h). The homing system consisted of two hydrophone receivers and altered the direction of the rudder via an electropneumatic device. The acoustic homing torpedo was specifically designed as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
G7es Torpedo
The G7es (T5) ''"Zaunkönig"'' ("wren") was a passive acoustic torpedo employed by German U-boats during World War II. It was called the GNAT (German Navy Acoustic Torpedo) by the British. Description The forerunner of the ''Zaunkönig'' was the G7e/T4 Falke, codename "Falcon," which was introduced in March 1943, but saw limited use for trial and was rapidly phased out of service in favor of the later model that received a number of significant enhancements. It was faster, had more range, possessed a magnetic or contact detonator and could be equipped with a percussion pistol. The T5 torpedo was capable of travelling at 24 knots (44 km/h) and had an effective range of about 5000 metres against convoy escorts vessels proceeding at speeds between 10 (18 km/h) and 18 knots (33 km/h). The homing system consisted of two hydrophone receivers and altered the direction of the rudder via an electropneumatic device. The acoustic homing torpedo was specifically designed a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
U-boat
U-boats were naval submarines operated by Germany, particularly in the First and Second World Wars. Although at times they were efficient fleet weapons against enemy naval warships, they were most effectively used in an economic warfare role ( commerce raiding) and enforcing a naval blockade against enemy shipping. The primary targets of the U-boat campaigns in both wars were the merchant convoys bringing supplies from Canada and other parts of the British Empire, and from the United States, to the United Kingdom and (during the Second World War) to the Soviet Union and the Allied territories in the Mediterranean. German submarines also destroyed Brazilian merchant ships during World War II, causing Brazil to declare war on both Germany and Italy on 22 August 1942. The term is an anglicised version of the German word ''U-Boot'' , a shortening of ''Unterseeboot'' ('under-sea-boat'), though the German term refers to any submarine. Austro-Hungarian Navy submarines were also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acoustic Homing
Acoustic homing is a system which uses the acoustic signature (sound) of a target to guide a moving object, such as a torpedo. Acoustic homing can be either passive or active in nature. Using passive homing, the system is designed to move either toward or away from a sound, and may also be designed to move only toward certain types of sounds to the exclusion of others, while active homing makes use of active sonar. The system emits a sound pulse that reflects off objects and then back to the system, where the system processes the echos to determine the proper response. Method An object can be equipped with two or more acoustic transducers, which function as speakers and microphones. If a transducer receives a sound louder than that received by the other transducer, the object turns in the transducer's direction. If the object is to manoeuvre in three-dimensional space, more than two transducers are needed. Typically, more than three transducers are used, and arrays of over 100 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
G7a Torpedo
The G7a(TI) was the standard issue ''Kriegsmarine'' torpedo introduced to service in 1934. It was a steam-powered design, using a wet heater engine burning decaline, with a range of at speed. In 1936, the Kriegsmarine's first electrical powered torpedo was introduced with the G7e(TII). It was replaced beginning in 1942 by the G7e(TIII). The G7a(TI) remained in service as the main torpedo of Kriegsmarine for the length of the war, being the only torpedo used from surface vessels, and alongside electric torpedoes on the uboats. Design The G7a(TI) torpedo was 533.4 mm (21 in) in diameter, 7163 mm (23 ft 6 in) in length (with a type Ka or Kb warhead and Pi1 or Pi2 pistol), the warhead holding a charge of approximately 280 kg (617lbs) of so-called Schießwolle 36. It was Kriegsmarine's first operational torpedo (hence "TI" = Torpedo number one), and the standard issue torpedo for all German U-boats and surface torpedo-bearing vessels from 1934 to the end o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mark 24 Mine
The Mark 24 mine (also known as FIDO or Fido) is an air-dropped anti-submarine warfare weapon (ASW) incorporating passive acoustic homing system and torpedo integration. It was used by the United States, the British and Canadian forces during the Second World War and entered service in March 1943 and remained in use with the US Navy until 1948. Approximately 4,000 torpedoes were produced, with 340 ultimately being deployed during the war. Two-hundred and four torpedoes were launched against submarine targets, with 37 Axis submarines being sunk and a further 18 damaged. The deceptive name of "Mark 24 mine" was deliberately chosen for security purposes, to conceal the true nature of the weapon. Background The concept of a torpedo which would "home" on its target had been studied by torpedo designers as far back as the First World War. While the concept was interesting, implementation had to await a better understanding of the physics of sound generation and transmission in the sea a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mark 14 Torpedo
The Mark 14 torpedo was the United States Navy's standard submarine-launched anti-ship torpedo of World War II. This weapon was plagued with many problems which crippled its performance early in the war. It was supplemented by the Mark 18 electric torpedo in the last two years of the war. From December 1941 to November 1943 the Mark 14 and the destroyer-launched Mark 15 torpedo had numerous technical problems that took almost two years to fix. After the fixes the Mark 14 played a major role in the devastating blow U.S. Navy submarines dealt to the Japanese naval and merchant marine forces during the Pacific War. By the end of World War II, the Mark 14 torpedo was a reliable weapon ultimately remaining in service for almost 40 years in the U.S. Navy, and even longer with other navies. Development The design of the Mark 14 started in January 1931; the Navy allocated $143,000 for its development. The Mark 14 was to serve in the new "fleet" submarines ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kriegsmarine
The (, ) was the navy of Germany from 1935 to 1945. It superseded the Imperial German Navy of the German Empire (1871–1918) and the inter-war (1919–1935) of the Weimar Republic. The was one of three official branches, along with the and the , of the , the German armed forces from 1935 to 1945. In violation of the Treaty of Versailles, the grew rapidly during German naval rearmament in the 1930s. The 1919 treaty had limited the size of the German navy and prohibited the building of submarines. ships were deployed to the waters around Spain during the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939) under the guise of enforcing non-intervention, but in reality supported the Nationalists against the Spanish Republicans. In January 1939, Plan Z, a massive shipbuilding program, was ordered, calling for surface naval parity with the British Royal Navy by 1944. When World War II broke out in September 1939, Plan Z was shelved in favour of a crash building program for submarines ( U-b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cargo Ship
A cargo ship or freighter is a merchant ship that carries cargo, goods, and materials from one port to another. Thousands of cargo carriers ply the world's seas and oceans each year, handling the bulk of international trade. Cargo ships are usually specially designed for the task, often being equipped with cranes and other mechanisms to load and unload, and come in all sizes. Today, they are almost always built of welded steel, and with some exceptions generally have a life expectancy of 25 to 30 years before being scrapped. Definitions The words ''cargo'' and ''freight'' have become interchangeable in casual usage. Technically, "cargo" refers to the goods carried aboard the ship for hire, while "freight" refers to the act of carrying of such cargo, but the terms have been used interchangeably for centuries. Generally, the modern ocean shipping business is divided into two classes: # Liner business: typically (but not exclusively) container vessels (wherein "general cargo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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