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Gérard Bitsindou
Gérard Bitsindou (15 November 1941 – 26 August 2012Parfait Wilfried Douniama, "Disparition : dernier hommage de la République à Gérard Bitsindou", ''Les Dépêches de Brazzaville'', 6 September 2012 .) was a Congolese political figure who was President of the Constitutional Court of Congo-Brazzaville from 2003 to 2012. He previously served as Secretary-General of the Presidency from 1980 to 1991 and as Minister for the ''Contrôle d'Etat'' from 1997 to 2002. Life and career A member of the Lari ethnic group, Bitsindou was born in Mbandza-Ndounga, located in the Pool Region."Bitsindou Gérard", ''Congo Brazzaville: Les Hommes de Pouvoir'', number 1, Africa Intelligence, 29 October 2002 . He was Director of LabourRémy Bazenguissa-Ganga, ''Les voies du politique au Congo: essai de sociologie historique'' (1997), Karthala Editions, page 427 . at the Ministry of Labour and the Civil Service before becoming Secretary-General of the Presidency under President Denis Sassou Ngu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Republic Of The Congo
The Republic of the Congo (french: République du Congo, ln, Republíki ya Kongó), also known as Congo-Brazzaville, the Congo Republic or simply either Congo or the Congo, is a country located in the western coast of Central Africa to the west of the Congo river. It is bordered to the west by Gabon, to its northwest by Cameroon and its northeast by the Central African Republic, to the southeast by the Democratic Republic of the Congo, to its south by the Angolan exclave of Cabinda Province, Cabinda and to its southwest by the Atlantic Ocean. The region was dominated by Bantu peoples, Bantu-speaking tribes at least 3,000 years ago, who built trade links leading into the Congo River basin. Congo was formerly part of the French colonial empire, French colony of French Equatorial Africa, Equatorial Africa. The Republic of the Congo was established on 28 November 1958 and gained independence from France in 1960. It was a Marxist–Leninist state from 1969 to 1992, under the name ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constitutional Court Of The Republic Of The Congo
A constitution is the aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organisation or other type of entity and commonly determine how that entity is to be governed. When these principles are written down into a single document or set of legal documents, those documents may be said to embody a ''written constitution''; if they are encompassed in a single comprehensive document, it is said to embody a ''codified constitution''. The Constitution of the United Kingdom is a notable example of an ''uncodified constitution''; it is instead written in numerous fundamental Acts of a legislature, court cases or treaties. Constitutions concern different levels of organizations, from sovereign countries to companies and unincorporated associations. A treaty which establishes an international organization is also its constitution, in that it would define how that organization is constituted. Within states, a constitution defines ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lari People (Congo)
The Lari (alternatively Laari, Laadi, Ladi, Balari or Baladi) is an ethnic group of the Republic of the Congo and the name of the language they speak. A subgroup of the Kongo people, the Lari live in the communes of Brazzaville, the capital; and Pointe-Noire, and within the surrounding Pool Department. This subgroup was born in the 19th century. where they constitute almost the entire population. There are an estimated 1.2 million Lari living in Congo. History The establishment of the capital Brazzaville by the French colonizer near the Kongo settlements led to the merging of several Kongo subgroups into a new group with a new identity. Indeed, towards the end of the nineteenth century, the Ladi (pronunciation: ''lari'' or ''ladi'') are people from different Kongo subgroups (subgroups originating from the former province of the Kongo Kingdom « ''Nsundi'' »): Sundi, Buende, Manianga, Hangala.Georges Balandier, ''Sociologie actuelle de l'Afrique noire'', Presses Universitaires ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pool Region
Pool ( kg, Mpumbu, Nsundi, Mbula Ntangu) is a department of the Republic of the Congo in the southeastern part of the country. It borders the departments of Bouenza, Lékoumou, and Plateaux. Internationally, it borders the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It also surrounds the commune district of the national capital, Brazzaville. The regional capital is Kinkala. Principal towns include Boko, Kindamba and Mindouli. In the early 2000s, the Pool region was the home of a low-level insurgency led by Pasteur Ntumi. The inhabitants of this department are the Kongo, the Téké and the Native population (Pygmies). The region is named after the Pool Malebo (formerly Stanley Pool), a particularly wide stretch of the Congo River here. Administrative divisions Pool Department is divided into thirteen districts: # Kinkala District # Boko District Boko is a district in the Pool Department of south-eastern Republic of the Congo The Republic of the Congo (french: Ré ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Denis Sassou Nguesso
Denis Sassou Nguesso (born 23 November 1943) is a Congolese politician and former military officer. He became president of the Republic of the Congo in 1997. He served a previous term as president from 1979 to 1992. During his first period as president, he headed the Congolese Party of Labour (PCT) for 12 years. He introduced multiparty politics in 1990, but was stripped of executive powers by the 1991 National Conference, remaining in office as a ceremonial head of state. He stood as a candidate in the 1992 presidential election but placed third. Sassou Nguesso was an opposition leader for five years before returning to power during the Second Republic of the Congo Civil War, in which his rebel forces ousted President Pascal Lissouba. Following a transitional period, he won the 2002 presidential election, which involved low opposition participation. He was re-elected in the 2009 presidential election. The introduction of a new constitution, passed by referendum in 2015 amid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Republic Of The Congo Civil War (1997-99)
Republic of the Congo Civil War may refer to: *Republic of the Congo Civil War (1993–1994) The First Republic of the Congo Civil War was the first of two ethnopolitical civil conflicts in the Republic of the Congo, beginning in 1993 and continuing until December 1994. The causes of the civil war laid in the disputed 1993 parliamen ... * Republic of the Congo Civil War (1997–1999) {{disambig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2002 Republic Of The Congo Parliamentary Election
Parliamentary elections were held in the Republic of the Congo in 2002; the first round was held on 26 May and the second round on 20 June. The Congolese Labour Party (PCT) and its allies won a majority of seats in the National Assembly. Campaign A total of 1,239 people registered to stand as candidates in the election. On 11 May 2002, the Interior Ministry published the official list of candidates; 1,199 candidacies were validated, while 40 were rejected. The number of independents standing in the election was about equal to the number of party candidates. 51 candidates were elected in the first round. Twelve candidates were disqualified by the National Electoral Commission (CONEL) shortly after the first round due to various allegations, including fraud. Results Voting was postponed in eight seats in the Pool Department Pool ( kg, Mpumbu, Nsundi, Mbula Ntangu) is a department of the Republic of the Congo in the southeastern part of the country. It borders the departments o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Assembly Of The Republic Of The Congo
The National Assembly (french: Assemblée nationale) is the lower house of the bicameral Parliament of the Republic of the Congo. It has 151 members, elected for five-year terms in single-seat constituencies. Colonial elections * 1946–47 *1952 *1957 Post-colonial elections *1959 *1963 *1973 *1979 *1984 *1989 * 1992 *1993 * 2002 * 2007 *2012 *2017 *2022 See also * List of presidents of the National Assembly of the Republic of the Congo #REDIRECT List of presidents of the National Assembly of the Republic of the Congo {{R from move ... * Pierre Passi Notes References Congo Government of the Republic of the Congo 1958 establishments in the Republic of the Congo {{Legislature-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paris
Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. Since the 17th century, Paris has been one of the world's major centres of finance, diplomacy, commerce, fashion, gastronomy, and science. For its leading role in the arts and sciences, as well as its very early system of street lighting, in the 19th century it became known as "the City of Light". Like London, prior to the Second World War, it was also sometimes called the capital of the world. The City of Paris is the centre of the Île-de-France region, or Paris Region, with an estimated population of 12,262,544 in 2019, or about 19% of the population of France, making the region France's primate city. The Paris Region had a GDP of €739 billion ($743 billion) in 2019, which is the highest in Europe. According to the Economist Intelli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2012 Republic Of The Congo Parliamentary Election
Parliamentary elections were held in the Republic of the Congo on 15 July 2012. A second round was held on 5 August 2012. The second round was previously moved forward to 29 July, without explanation, but ultimately was held on the original date. Electoral system The 139 seats in the National Assembly were elected in single-member constituencies. If no candidate received a majority of votes, a second round was held in that constituency, in which the candidate receiving the most votes was declared the winner. Candidates had to be at least 25 years old and have no criminal record. Voting did not take place in three districts of Brazzaville, which had been affected by the death of 300 people after a munitions dump exploded in March. Campaign The four main parties in the election were the Congolese Party of Labour (PCT) led by President Denis Sassou Nguesso, the Congolese Movement for Democracy and Integral Development, the Union for Democracy and the Republic and the Pan-African U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2012 Deaths
This is a list of deaths of notable people, organised by year. New deaths articles are added to their respective month (e.g., Deaths in ) and then linked here. 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 See also * Lists of deaths by day The following pages, corresponding to the Gregorian calendar, list the historical events, births, deaths, and holidays and observances of the specified day of the year: Footnotes See also * Leap year * List of calendars * List of non-standard ... * Deaths by year {{DEFAULTSORT:deaths by year ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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