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Guitarrero Cave
Guitarrero Cave is located in the Callejón de Huaylas valley in Yungay Province, in the Ancash region of Peru. The cave stands above the Santa River and meters above sea level.Weber, George"Guitarrero cave (Ancash, Peru)." ''Possible Relatives in the Americas.'' 11 July 2007 (retrieved 23 Feb 2010) Archeological findings Guitarrero Cave has evidence of human use around 8,000 BCE and possibly as early as 10,560 BCE. A human's mandible and teeth found in the cave have been carbon dated to 10,610 BCE. Above all that, there were a series of Archaic period campfires, dated between 8,500 and 7,000 BCE. Wood, bone, antler and fiber cordage were among the artifacts that were recovered from the level, as well as willow leaf, tanged, lanceolate, and concave base Ichuna/Arcata projectile points. A single grinding slab and a bone flesher were also recovered from this part of the area. Levels were included in the Early and Middle Horizon occupations, cist tombs, and wall paintings ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yungay Province
The Yungay Province is one of twenty provinces of the Ancash Region in Peru. Geography The Cordillera Blanca and the Cordillera Negra traverse the province. Waskaran, the highest elevation of Peru, lies on the border to the Carhuaz Province. Chakrarahu, Chopicalqui, Tullparahu and Yanarahu (Ruriqucha) belong to the highest peaks of the province. Other mountains are listed below: Political division Yungay is divided into eight districts, which are: * Cascapara * Mancos * Matacoto * Quillo * Ranrahirca * Shupluy * Yanama * Yungay Ethnic groups The people in the province are mainly indigenous citizens of Quechua descent. Quechua is the language which the majority of the population (73.19%) learnt to speak in childhood, 26.48 % of the residents started speaking using the Spanish language ( 2007 Peru Census). [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oxalis Tuberosa
''Oxalis tuberosa'' is a perennial herbaceous plant that overwinters as underground stem tubers. These tubers are known as uqa in Quechua, oca in Spanish, yam in New Zealand and a number of other alternative names. The plant was brought into cultivation in the central and southern Andes for its tubers, which are used as a root vegetable. The plant is not known in the wild, but populations of wild ''Oxalis'' species that bear smaller tubers are known from four areas of the central Andean region. Oca was introduced to Europe in 1830 as a competitor to the potato, and to New Zealand as early as 1860. In New Zealand, oca has become a popular table vegetable and is simply called yam or New Zealand yam (although not a true yam). It is available in a range of colours, including yellow, orange, pink, apricot, and the traditional red. Cultural significance Grown primarily by Quechua and Aymara farmers, oca has been a staple of rural Andean diets for centuries."Oca, Ulluco, and Mashua": ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maize
Maize ( ; ''Zea mays'' subsp. ''mays'', from es, maíz after tnq, mahiz), also known as corn (North American and Australian English), is a cereal grain first domesticated by indigenous peoples in southern Mexico about 10,000 years ago. The leafy stalk of the plant produces pollen inflorescences (or "tassels") and separate ovuliferous inflorescences called ears that when fertilized yield kernels or seeds, which are fruits. The term ''maize'' is preferred in formal, scientific, and international usage as a common name because it refers specifically to this one grain, unlike ''corn'', which has a complex variety of meanings that vary by context and geographic region. Maize has become a staple food in many parts of the world, with the total production of maize surpassing that of wheat or rice. In addition to being consumed directly by humans (often in the form of masa), maize is also used for corn ethanol, animal feed and other maize products, such as corn starch and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cucurbita
''Cucurbita'' (Latin for gourd) is a genus of herbaceous fruits in the gourd family, Cucurbitaceae (also known as ''cucurbits'' or ''cucurbi''), native to the Andes and Mesoamerica. Five edible species are grown and consumed for their flesh and seeds. They are variously known as squash, pumpkin, or gourd, depending on species, variety, and local parlance. Other kinds of gourd, also called bottle-gourds, are native to Africa and belong to the genus ''Lagenaria'', which is in the same family and subfamily as ''Cucurbita'', but in a different tribe. These other gourds are used as utensils or vessels, and their young fruits are eaten much like those of the ''Cucurbita'' species. Most ''Cucurbita'' species are herbaceous vines that grow several meters in length and have tendrils, but non-vining "bush" cultivars of ''C. pepo'' and ''C. maxima'' have also been developed. The yellow or orange flowers on a ''Cucurbita'' plant are of two types: female and male. The female flowe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zapallo
Calabaza is the generic name in the Spanish language for any type of winter squash. Within an English-language context it specifically refers to what is also known as the West Indian pumpkin, a winter squash typically grown in the West Indies, tropical America, and the Philippines. Calabaza is the common name for ''Cucurbita moschata'' in Cuba, Florida, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines (where it is also spelled ''kalabasa''). ''C. moschata'' is also known as ''auyama'' in Colombia, the Dominican Republic and Venezuela; ''ayote'' in Central America; ''zapallo'' in certain countries of South America; and "pumpkin", "squash", or "calabash" in English-speaking islands. Etymology The French term ''calebasse'', and hence the English "calabash", is based on the older Spanish. Cultivars In North America, the Spanish word ''calabaza'' may refer to any of several species of squash of the genus ''Cucurbita''. The term is most commonly used for cultivars of the species '' C. moschata'', w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ullucus Tuberosus
''Ullucus'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Basellaceae, with one species, ''Ullucus tuberosus'', a plant grown primarily as a root vegetable, secondarily as a leaf vegetable. The name ''ulluco'' is derived from the Quechua word , but depending on the region, it has many different names. These include ''illaco'' (in Aymara), ''melloco'' (in Ecuador), ''chungua'' or ''ruba'' (in Colombia), ''olluco'' or ''papa'' ''lisa'' (in Bolivia and Peru), or ''ulluma'' (in Argentina).Busch, J. and Savage, G.P. (2000). Nutritional composition of ulluco (Ullucus tuberosus) tubers. Proceedings on the Nutrition Society of New Zealand, 25 pp. 55-65.Arbizu, C., Huamán, Z. and Golmirzaie, A. (1997). ‘Other Andean Roots and Tubers’ in Fuccillo, D., Sears, L. and Stapleton, P. (1st ed.) Biodiversity in Trust: Conservation and Use of Plant Genetic Resources in CGIAR Centres. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press pp.39-56. Ulluco is one of the most widely grown and economically import ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Olluco
''Ullucus'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Basellaceae, with one species, ''Ullucus tuberosus'', a plant grown primarily as a root vegetable, secondarily as a leaf vegetable. The name ''ulluco'' is derived from the Quechua word , but depending on the region, it has many different names. These include ''illaco'' (in Aymara), ''melloco'' (in Ecuador), ''chungua'' or ''ruba'' (in Colombia), ''olluco'' or ''papa'' ''lisa'' (in Bolivia and Peru), or ''ulluma'' (in Argentina).Busch, J. and Savage, G.P. (2000). Nutritional composition of ulluco (Ullucus tuberosus) tubers. Proceedings on the Nutrition Society of New Zealand, 25 pp. 55-65.Arbizu, C., Huamán, Z. and Golmirzaie, A. (1997). ‘Other Andean Roots and Tubers’ in Fuccillo, D., Sears, L. and Stapleton, P. (1st ed.) Biodiversity in Trust: Conservation and Use of Plant Genetic Resources in CGIAR Centres. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press pp.39-56. Ulluco is one of the most widely grown and economically import ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lucuma Bifera
''Pouteria lucuma'' is a species of tree in the family Sapotaceae, cultivated for its fruit, the lúcuma. It is native to the Andean valleys of Bolivia, Chile, Ecuador, and Peru. Description This evergreen tree is up to 20 m tall, and has greyish-brown, fissured bark, which produces a milky white exudate. The end of branchlets and the petioles are covered with short, brown hairs. The leaves are simple, oblanceolate to elliptical, up to 25 cm long and 10 cm wide, and glabrous (or sometimes slightly hairy on the underside) grouped at the end of the branches. Flowers are solitary or in fascicles, small, axillary, with hairy sepals and a corolla forming a tube 1.0-1.8 cm long, greenish white, with five lobes, five stamens, five staminodes, a pubescent ovary, and a style 0.8-1.5 cm long. The fruit is globose, 6–12 cm long, glabrous, and russet to yellow when mature; the pulp is bright yellow; the one to several seeds are 1.8-3.5 cm long, dark brown, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phaseolus Lunatus
A lima bean (''Phaseolus lunatus''), also commonly known as the butter bean, sieva bean, double bean, Madagascar bean, or wax bean is a legume grown for its edible seeds or beans. Origin and uses ''Phaseolus lunatus'' is found in Meso- and South America. Two gene pools of cultivated lima beans point to independent domestication events. The Mesoamerican lima bean is distributed in neotropical lowlands, while the other is found in the western Andes. They were discovered in Peru and may have been the first plant that was brought up under civilization by the native farmers. The Andes domestication took place around 2000 BC and produced a large-seeded variety (lima type), while the second, taking place in Mesoamerica around 800 AD, produced a small-seeded variety (Sieva type). By around 1300, cultivation had spread north of the Rio Grande, and, in the 1500s, the plant began to be cultivated in the Old World. The small-seeded (Sieva) type is found distributed from Mexico to Argent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pallar Bean
''Phaseolus coccineus'', known as runner bean, scarlet runner bean, or multiflora bean, is a plant in the legume family, Fabaceae. Another common name is butter bean, which, however, can also refer to the lima bean, a different species. It is grown both as a food plant and an ornamental plant. Description This species originated from the mountains of Central America. It was most likely cultivated in the highlands of Mexico and Guatemala around 2000 BC. Most varieties have red flowers and multicolored seeds (though some have white flowers and white seeds), and they are often grown as ornamental plants. The vine can grow to 3 m (9 ft) or more in length. It differs from the common bean (''P. vulgaris'') in several respects: the cotyledons stay in the ground during germination, and the plant is a perennial vine with tuberous roots (though it is frequently treated as an annual in colder climates). The knife-shaped pods are normally green; however, there are very rare ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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