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Granfoss Tunnel
The Granfoss Tunnel is a set of two tunnels on Ring 3 in Oslo, Norway. The two tunnels are long and they are part of the Granfoss Line, a stretch of motorway which was opened in 1992 connecting Ring 3 with the European route E18. The name comes from the Granfossen waterfall on the Lysakerelva river, which passes nearby. The two tunnels run from Lysaker to Mustad, and from Mustad to Ullern Church, respectively. When the two tunnels with four lanes were opened for traffic, a bottleneck of Oslo's road system which had lingered for several decades was finally dissolved. The tunnels were financed by Oslo Package 1 Oslo Package 1 ( no, Oslopakke 1) was a political agreement and plan for introducing an toll road, urban toll ring around Oslo, Norway and making 31 investments to road infrastructure in Oslo and Akershus. The package was approved in 1988 and toll .... Despite there being two tunnels, the singular name is used in local parlance. References * Road tunnels in Osl ...
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Ring 3 (Oslo)
Norwegian National Road 150, also known as Ring 3 and formerly Store Ringvei is a beltway limited-access road which circumnavigates Oslo, Norway. It runs from Ryen, through the Sinsen Interchange to Lysaker in Bærum. History The Sinsen Interchange, where Ring 3 meets Trondheimsveien was opened in 1962. The increase in traffic was greater than the capacity of the junction, and thus a bridge was constructed that redirected Trondheimsveien above the roundabout. Further restructuring was done in 1992, when the Sinsen Line of the Oslo Tramway was redirected outside of the interchange, and in 1994, when National Road 150 was directed below the roundabout. The Norwegian Public Roads Administration The Norwegian Public Roads Administration ( no, Statens vegvesen) is a Norwegian government agency responsible for national and county public roads in Norway. This includes planning, construction and operation of the national and county road netw ... plans to connect the Løren Tunn ...
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Oslo
Oslo ( , , or ; sma, Oslove) is the capital and most populous city of Norway. It constitutes both a county and a municipality. The municipality of Oslo had a population of in 2022, while the city's greater urban area had a population of in 2019, and the metropolitan area had an estimated population of in 2021. During the Viking Age the area was part of Viken. Oslo was founded as a city at the end of the Viking Age in 1040 under the name Ánslo, and established as a ''kaupstad'' or trading place in 1048 by Harald Hardrada. The city was elevated to a bishopric in 1070 and a capital under Haakon V of Norway around 1300. Personal unions with Denmark from 1397 to 1523 and again from 1536 to 1814 reduced its influence. After being destroyed by a fire in 1624, during the reign of King Christian IV, a new city was built closer to Akershus Fortress and named Christiania in honour of the king. It became a municipality ('' formannskapsdistrikt'') on 1 January 1838. The city fu ...
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Norway
Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe, the mainland territory of which comprises the western and northernmost portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard also form part of Norway. Bouvet Island, located in the Subantarctic, is a dependency of Norway; it also lays claims to the Antarctic territories of Peter I Island and Queen Maud Land. The capital and largest city in Norway is Oslo. Norway has a total area of and had a population of 5,425,270 in January 2022. The country shares a long eastern border with Sweden at a length of . It is bordered by Finland and Russia to the northeast and the Skagerrak strait to the south, on the other side of which are Denmark and the United Kingdom. Norway has an extensive coastline, facing the North Atlantic Ocean and the Barents Sea. The maritime influence dominates Norway's climate, with mild lowland temperatures on the se ...
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European Route E18
European route E18 runs from Craigavon in Northern Ireland to Saint Petersburg in Russia, passing through Scotland, England, Norway, Sweden and Finland. It is about in length. Although the designation implies the possibility of a through journey, this is no longer practical as there are no direct car ferry crossings between the United Kingdom and Norway. United Kingdom The route starts in Northern Ireland and runs from Craigavon ( M1) – Belfast ( M2, A8) – Larne, then to Scotland: Stranraer, Dumfries and Galloway ( A75) – Gretna – then England via the ( M6) – Carlisle ( A69) to Newcastle. As is normal for European routes in the United Kingdom, it is not signposted as such. Northern Ireland *: Craigavon - Belfast (Start of multiplex with at Lisburn) *: Belfast *: Belfast - (Multiplex with ) *: - *: - Larne (End of multiplex with ) North Channel *: Larne - Cairnryan Great Britain *: Stranraer - *: - ''Anglo-Scottish border'' (Start of multiplex w ...
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Lysakerelva
Lysakerelven (also known as Lysakerelva, en, Lysaker River) is a river in Norway that forms the boundary between the municipalities of the capital city of Oslo and Bærum. The river by this name has its source in Bogstadvannet, though the source is further up, at Langlivann, and Søndre and Nordre Heggelivann in Oslomarka, the forests surrounding Oslo. Consequently, it is considered part of Oslomarkvassdragene, the river system flowing through these forests, and more specifically Sørkedalsvassdraget, the valley above Bogstadvannet. It flows out into Lysakerfjorden, part of Oslofjorden near Lysaker. History There is evidence that the river has been used for mills since the 12th century, and probably earlier. The old name of the river was ''Få'' ( Norse ''Fǫð''), which means "fence" or "boundary". In the 18th century, Bogstadvannet was also known as Faavandet. By 1660, twelve farms had claims to the hydromechanical power generated by the river. These farms, several of which ...
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Lysaker
Lysaker is an area in Bærum Municipality, Viken County, Norway. Lysaker is the easternmost part of Bærum and borders Oslo proper. Lysaker was initially a farming community, later becoming a residential area. Today it is primarily known as a business and trade area, and a public transport hub. It is considered part of Stor-Oslo (Greater Oslo), and is home to offices of numerous domestic and international businesses. Geographical location Lysaker is located where a stream, Lysakerelva, empties into Lysakerfjorden—a branch of the Oslofjorden. This stream is the western border of Oslo proper. To the south-east Lysaker is bordered by the fjord. To the south-west is the Fornebu area, where one of Oslos two airports were located until Oslo Airport, Gardermoen, was expanded in order to handle all the traffic alone. To the west and north are the primarily residential areas of Stabekk and Jar. To the east is Sollerud and Lilleaker in Ullern borough. History Lysaker, meaning "bri ...
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Ullern Church (Oslo)
Ullern Church (''Ullern kirke'') is a cruciform Romanesque church on the Holgerslyst property in the Ullern borough of Oslo, Norway. It is the parish church for the Ullern congregation in the Vestre Aker Deanery of the Diocese of Oslo. History The church is built of stone in 1903 and has seating for 800 people. The cruciform structure is dominated by an imposing central tower. The tower is square and has three windows on each side. It is topped by a tall hip roof covered in copper. The church was designed by the architect Harald Bødtker. The original plans for the church had been drawn up by Georg Andreas Bull, Oslo's city surveyor. The plans were reworked by the architect Johan Storm Munch (1862-1947) in 1899 and approved by the municipality. The drawings were lost that year, when the farm where Munch had his office burned down. The assignment then went to Harald Bødtker, who had just been hired as the municipal architect in Aker. Interior The church is dominated by its c ...
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Oslo Package 1
Oslo Package 1 ( no, Oslopakke 1) was a political agreement and plan for introducing an urban toll ring around Oslo, Norway and making 31 investments to road infrastructure in Oslo and Akershus. The package was approved in 1988 and toll charges were introduced in 1990. It was supplemented by Oslo Package 2, which included a similar scheme for public transport. In 2008, they were both replaced by Oslo Package 3. The entire plan involved investments of 11 billion NOK (equivalent to  billion NOK in ) to be funded by 4.8 billion NOK in state grants and 6.2 billion NOK in toll road revenue. 3.9 billion NOK was invested in Akershus, while 7.1 billion NOK was invested in Oslo. The company Fjellinjen was created to manage the toll collection. History During the 1970s, car traffic in Oslo increased greatly and there was political will to increase investment in motorways and tunnels in the city. The goal was to increase capacity and re ...
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Institute Of Transport Economics
The Institute of Transport Economics (Transportøkonomisk institutt –TØI) is a national, Norwegian institution for multidisciplinary transport research. Its mission is to develop and disseminate transportation knowledge of scientific quality and practical application. The Institute is an independent, non-profit research foundation. It holds no interests in any commercial, manufacturing or supplying organisation. TØI has a multidisciplinary research environment with approximately 90 employees, of which about 70 are researchers. The Institute will normally have at least 200 research projects in progress at any one time, most of them being commissioned. Its sphere of activity includes most of the current issues in road, rail, sea and air transport, as well as urban mobility, environmental sustainability and road safety. In recent years the Institute has been engaged in more than 70 research projects under EU's Research Framework Programmes. References External links Official s ...
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