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Giresun Castle
Giresun Castle is a fortress built in the 2nd century BC in what is now Giresun Province, Turkey. History Giresun Castle was built on the order of Pharnaces I of Pontus (king of Kingdom of Pontus and son of Mithridates III of Pontus). Then, city was named "Farnakyas". Afterwards, the Roman Empire invaded the city (63 BCE) and the city took back the name Kerasus or Cerasus (the name was used since ancient times. Over time, it changed to Giresun). Location Giresun Castle is located on top of hill at the center of Giresun Province (Turkey). The castle overlooks the coast so people can see Giresun Island (one of the two islands in Black Sea). Transportation Going to Giresun Castle is very convenient. It is possible to go to Giresun Castle on foot from the city center. It takes about thirty minutes. On the other hand, there are mini buses from different several locations to the castle. Facilities Entry is free. At the highest point of the castle, there is the tomb of Atatürk’s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giresun Province
Giresun Province ( tr, ) is a province of Turkey on the Black Sea coast. Its adjacent provinces are Trabzon to the east, Gümüşhane to the southeast, Erzincan to the south, Sivas to the southwest, and Ordu to the west. Its license-plate code is 28. The provincial capital is Giresun. Geography Giresun is an agricultural region and its lower areas, near the Black Sea coast. It is Turkey's second largest producer of hazelnuts and it is famously home to the best quality hazelnuts in the world; a Giresun folk song tells "I will not eat a single hazelnut, unless you are by my side," while another tells of a lover shot dead under a hazelnut tree. Forests and pasture cover the high mountainous regions, and in places there is mining of copper, zinc, iron and other metals. The mountain villages are remote, with poor roads and little else in the way of infrastructure. The hillsides are too steep for most forms of agriculture, and as a result, cornbread is the traditional meal, as whe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giresun Kalesi
Giresun (), formerly Cerasus (Ancient Greek: Κερασοῦς, Greek: Κερασούντα), is the provincial capital of Giresun Province in the Black Sea Region of northeastern Turkey, about west of the city of Trabzon. Etymology Giresun was known to the ancient Greeks as ''Choerades'' or more prominently as Kerasous or Cerasus ( grc, Κερασοῦς), the origin of the modern name. The name Kerasous corresponds to κερασός (kerasós) "cherry" + -ουντ (a place marker). Thus, the Greek root of the word "cherry", κερασός (kerasós), predates the name of the city, and the ultimate origin of the word cherry (and thus the name of the city) is probably from a Pre-Greek substrate, likely of Anatolian origin, given the intervocalic σ in Κερασοῦς and the apparent cognates of it found in other languages of the region. Another theory derives Kerasous from κέρας (keras) "horn" + -ουντ (a place marker), for the prominent horn-shaped peninsula that t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pharnaces I Of Pontus
Pharnaces I ( el, Φαρνάκης; lived 2nd century BC), fifth king of Pontus, was of Persian and Greek ancestry. He was the son of King Mithridates III of Pontus and his wife Laodice, whom he succeeded on the throne. Pharnaces had two siblings: a brother called Mithridates IV of Pontus and a sister called Laodice who both succeeded Pharnaces. He was born and raised in the Kingdom of Pontus. Life The date of his accession cannot be fixed with certainty; but it is certain, at least, that he was on the throne before 183 BC, in which year he succeeded in reducing the important city of Sinope, which had been long an object of ambition to the Kings of Pontus. The Rhodians sent an embassy to Rome to complain of this aggression, but without effect. About the same time Pharnaces became involved in disputes with his neighbour, King of Pergamon, Eumenes II, which led to repeated embassies from both monarchs to Rome, as well as to partial hostilities. But in the spring of 181 BC, witho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Pontus
Pontus ( grc-gre, Πόντος ) was a Hellenistic kingdom centered in the historical region of Pontus and ruled by the Mithridatic dynasty (of Persian origin), which possibly may have been directly related to Darius the Great of the Achaemenid dynasty. The kingdom was proclaimed by Mithridates I in 281BC and lasted until its conquest by the Roman Republic in 63BC. The Kingdom of Pontus reached its largest extent under Mithridates VI the Great, who conquered Colchis, Cappadocia, Bithynia, the Greek colonies of the Tauric Chersonesos, and for a brief time the Roman province of Asia. After a long struggle with Rome in the Mithridatic Wars, Pontus was defeated. The western part of it was incorporated into the Roman Republic as the province Bithynia et Pontus; the eastern half survived as a client kingdom until 62 AD. As the greater part of the kingdom lay within the region of Cappadocia, which in early ages extended from the borders of Cilicia to the Euxine (Black Sea), the king ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mithridates III Of Pontus
Mithridates III ( el, Mιθριδάτης) was the fourth king of Pontus, son of Mithridates II of Pontus and Laodice. Mithridates had two sisters: Laodice III, the first wife of the Seleucid King Antiochus III the Great, and Laodice of Pontus. He may have ruled in an uncertain period between 220 BC and 183 BC. Nothing is known of him since the years just cited, because the kingdom of Pontus disappears from history. His same existence is contested by certain historians, even if it is necessary to account for Appian's indication of Mithridates VI of Pontus as the eighth king of the dynasty and the sixth of the name. Mithridates married an obscure Seleucid princess called Laodice. By this wife, he had three children: Mithridates IV of Pontus,Callatay, ''The First Royal Coinage of Pontos (from Mithridates III to Mithridates V)'' p.21 Pharnaces I of Pontus Pharnaces I ( el, Φαρνάκης; lived 2nd century BC), fifth king of Pontus, was of Persian and Greek ancestry. He w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman Empire
The Roman Empire ( la, Imperium Romanum ; grc-gre, Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, Basileía tôn Rhōmaíōn) was the post-Republican period of ancient Rome. As a polity, it included large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, North Africa, and Western Asia, and was ruled by emperors. From the accession of Caesar Augustus as the first Roman emperor to the military anarchy of the 3rd century, it was a Principate with Italia as the metropole of its provinces and the city of Rome as its sole capital. The Empire was later ruled by multiple emperors who shared control over the Western Roman Empire and the Eastern Roman Empire. The city of Rome remained the nominal capital of both parts until AD 476 when the imperial insignia were sent to Constantinople following the capture of the Western capital of Ravenna by the Germanic barbarians. The adoption of Christianity as the state church of the Roman Empire in AD 380 and the fall of the Western ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turkey
Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with a East Thrace, small portion on the Balkans, Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe. It shares borders with the Black Sea to the north; Georgia (country), Georgia to the northeast; Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Iran to the east; Iraq to the southeast; Syria and the Mediterranean Sea to the south; the Aegean Sea to the west; and Greece and Bulgaria to the northwest. Cyprus is located off the south coast. Turkish people, Turks form the vast majority of the nation's population and Kurds are the largest minority. Ankara is Turkey's capital, while Istanbul is its list of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city and financial centre. One of the world's earliest permanently Settler, settled regions, present-day Turkey was home to important Neol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giresun Island
300px, Giresun Island from sky. 300px, Giresun_Castle.html"_;"title="Giresun_Island_from_Giresun_Castle">Giresun_Island_from_Giresun_Castle. Giresun_Island_(_tr.html" ;"title="Giresun_Castle..html" ;"title="Giresun_Castle.html" ;"title="Giresun Island from Giresun_Island_from_Giresun_Castle.">Giresun_Castle.html"_;"title="Giresun_Island_from_Giresun_Castle">Giresun_Island_from_Giresun_Castle. Giresun_Island_(_tr">Giresun_Adası)_is_a_small_island_that_has_an_area_of_4_hectares_and_lies_1.2 km_from_the_Turkey.html" ;"title="Giresun Castle">Giresun Island from Giresun Castle.">Giresun_Castle.html" ;"title="Giresun Island from Giresun Castle">Giresun Island from Giresun Castle. Giresun Island ( tr">Giresun Adası) is a small island that has an area of 4 hectares and lies 1.2 km from the Turkey">Turkish city of Giresun on the southeastern coast of Black Sea. It is the largest island on the Turkish Black Sea coast. History Some of the island's ancient names are Aretias ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, or Mustafa Kemal Pasha until 1921, and Ghazi Mustafa Kemal from 1921 Surname Law (Turkey), until 1934 ( 1881 – 10 November 1938) was a Turkish Mareşal (Turkey), field marshal, Turkish National Movement, revolutionary statesman, author, and the founding father of the Republic of Turkey, serving as its first President of Turkey, president from 1923 until Death and state funeral of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, his death in 1938. He undertook sweeping progressive Atatürk's reforms, reforms, which modernized Turkey into a secular, industrializing nation.Harold Courtenay Armstrong Gray Wolf, Mustafa Kemal: An Intimate Study of a Dictator. page 225 Ideologically a Secularism, secularist and Turkish nationalism, nationalist, Atatürk's Reforms, his policies and socio-political theories became known as Kemalism. Due to his military and political accomplishments, Atatürk is regarded as one of the most important political leaders of the 20th century. Ata ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Topal Osman
Hacı Topal Osman Ağa (1883 – 2 April 1923) was a Turkish officer, a militia leader of the National Forces, a volunteer regiment commander of the Turkish army during the Turkish War of Independence who eventually rose to the rank of lieutenant colonel, and was a perpetrator of the Armenian and Pontic genocides. He was the commander of Mustafa Kemal's special Bodyguard Regiment. He showed usefulness in the War of Independence, but in 1923, when it was decided that he was the instigator of Trabzon Deputy 's murder, he was detained. He was captured and injured during the clashes, but he was killed by İsmail Hakkı Tekçe. Early life and Balkan Wars He was born in Giresun in 1883 and was of Turkish origin, more particularly the Chepni tribe. His father, Feridûnzâde Hacı Mehmet Efendi, was a hazelnut merchant. In his youth he helped with the family business and became a partner in a sawmill. He married and had two sons. Despite his father paying his military service price, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haci Bektash Veli
Haji Bektash Veli or Wali ( fa, حاجی بکتاش ولی, Ḥājī Baktāš Walī; ota, حاجی بکتاش ولی, Hacı Bektaş-ı Veli; sq, Haxhi Bektash Veliu) (1209 – 1271) was a Muslim mystic, saint, Sayyid and philosopher from Khorasan who lived and taught in Anatolia.C. Olsen: Celibacy and Religious Traditions. Oxford University Press. 1st Ed. 2007. Pg. 143–144/ref> He is revered among Alevis for an Islamic understanding that is esoteric (spiritual), rational, progressive, and humanistic. Alevi and Bektashi Muslims believe the path of Haji Bektash is the path of ʿAli ibn Abu Talib, since Ali was the source of Bektash's teachings. His original name was "Sayyid Muhammad ibn Sayyid Ibrāhim Ātā". He was one of the figures who flourished in the Sultanate of Rum and had an important influence on the Turkish nomads of Asia Minor. He is also referred to as ''the Sultan of Hearts'' and ''the Derwish of the Derwishes''. Haji Bektash Veli was a descendant of Musa Ka ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giresun Museum
Giresun Museum is a museum in Giresun, Turkey. The museum is in the Zeytinlik neighborhood of Giresun at . It is a historic basilica named ''Gogora Church'' built in the 18th century. It has been constructed with rectangular yellow and brown lime stones adjoined with iron cramps and lead. The main gate faces west. The basilica, abandoned in 1923, was used as a prison between 1948 and 1967 before being redesigned as a museum in 1988. Another building which was used as the clergy house to the north is the administration building. The majority of items in the museum are from Hellenistic, Roman, Byzantine, Seljuks, and Ottoman eras. Some of the items are terracotta figurines, pottery, amphorae and coins. While the oldest item is dated to 3000 BCE, there is also collection of items from Erikliman excavations. In the ethnography section, there are 19th century Ottoman items such as clothes, kitchen appliances, hamam (bath) articles, weapons and ornaments. In 1999, an exhibition was hel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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