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German Peace Society
The German Peace Society (german: Deutsche Friedensgesellschaft (DFG)) was founded in 1892 in Berlin. In 1900 it moved its headquarters to Stuttgart. It still exists and is known as the ''Deutsche Friedensgesellschaft - Vereinigte KriegsdienstgegnerInnen'' (DFG-VK; German Peace Society - United War Resisters). Persons associated with it historically include Nobel Peace Prize winners Alfred Hermann Fried and Bertha von Suttner, as well as Ludwig Quidde, Richard Grelling and Carl von Ossietzky. Suppressed by the Nazis, it was refounded in November 1945. See also *''Das Andere Deutschland'', a publication of the German Peace Society. * List of anti-war organizations References *Karl Holl. ''Pazifismus in Deutschland''. Suhrkamp, Frankfurt am Main. 1988. Further reading * External links * Europeana Europeana is a web portal created by the European Union containing digitised cultural heritage collections of more than 3,000 institutions across Europe. It includes records of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nobel Peace Prize
The Nobel Peace Prize is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Swedish industrialist, inventor and armaments (military weapons and equipment) manufacturer Alfred Nobel, along with the prizes in Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Physics, Physics, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Physiology or Medicine and Nobel Prize in Literature, Literature. Since March 1901, it has been awarded annually (with some exceptions) to those who have "done the most or the best work for fraternity between nations, for the abolition or reduction of standing armies and for the holding and promotion of peace congresses". In accordance with Alfred Nobel's will, the recipient is selected by the Norwegian Nobel Committee, a five-member committee appointed by the Parliament of Norway. Since 2020 the prize is awarded in the University of Oslo Faculty of Law, Atrium of the University of Oslo, where it was also awarded 1947–1989; the Abel Prize is also awarded in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfred Hermann Fried
Alfred Hermann Fried (; 11 November 1864 – 4 May 1921) was an Austrian Jewish pacifist, publicist, journalist, co-founder of the German peace movement, and winner (with Tobias Asser) of the Nobel Peace Prize in 1911. Fried was also a supporter of Esperanto. He is the author of an Esperanto textbook and an Esperanto-German and German-Esperanto dictionary, first published in 1903 and republished in 1905. Life Born in Vienna, Austria-Hungary, to a Jewish family, Fried left school at the age of 15 and started to work in a bookshop. In 1883 he moved to Berlin, where he opened a bookshop of his own in 1887. Following the publication by Bertha von Suttner of '' Die Waffen nieder!'' (''Lay Down Your Arms'') in 1889, he and von Suttner began in 1892 to print a magazine of the same name. In articles published within ''Die Waffen nieder!'' and its successor, '' Die Friedenswarte'' (''The Peace Watch''), he articulated his pacifist philosophy. In 1892 he was a co-founder of the German Pe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bertha Von Suttner
Bertha Sophie Felicitas Freifrau von Suttner (; ; 9 June 184321 June 1914) was an Austrian-Bohemian pacifist and novelist. In 1905, she became the second female Nobel laureate (after Marie Curie in 1903), the first woman to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, and the first Austrian laureate. Early life Bertha Kinský was born on 9 June 1843 at Kinský Palace in the Obecní dvůr (cz) district of Prague. Her parents were the Austrian Lieutenant general (german: Feldmarschall-Leutnant) Franz Michael de Paula Josef Graf Kinsky von Wchinitz und Tettau (1769-1843), recently deceased at the age of 75, and his young wife Sophie Wilhelmine von Körner (1815-1884), who was almost fifty years his junior.Hamann, p. 2 Her father was a member of the illustrious House of Kinsky via descent from Count Wilhelm Kinsky (1574-1634), being younger son of Count Franz Ferdinand Kinsky von Wchinitz und Tettau (1738-1806) and his wife, Princess Maria Christina Anna von und zu Liechtenstein (1741-181 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ludwig Quidde
Ludwig Quidde (; 23 March 1858, Free City of Bremen – 4 March 1941) was a German politician and pacifist who is mainly remembered today for his acerbic criticism of German Emperor Wilhelm II. Quidde's long career spanned four different eras of German history: that of Bismarck (up to 1890); the Hohenzollern Empire under Wilhelm II (1888–1918); the Weimar Republic (1918–1933); and, finally, Nazi Germany. In 1927, he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. Born into a wealthy bourgeois merchant family, Quidde grew up in Bremen, read history and also got involved in the activities of the German Peace Society (''Deutsche Friedensgesellschaft''). In his younger years he had already opposed Bismarck's policies. In 1881 he received his PhD at the University of Göttingen. In 1894 Quidde published a 17-page pamphlet entitled ''Caligula. Eine Studie über römischen Caesarenwahnsinn'' (''Caligula: A Study of Imperial Insanity''). Containing 79 footnotes, the short essay is e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Grelling
Richard Grelling (11 June 1853 − 14 January 1929) was a German lawyer, writer and pacifist who wrote the international best selling book ''J'Accuse'' in World War I, publicly criticizing the actions of Germany for waging a war of aggression in Europe. Early life Richard Grelling was born in Berlin, at that time the capital of Prussia. He studied law but after finishing his studies worked as a writer and dramatist. In 1892 he was a founder-member of the German Peace Society (German: ''Deutsche Friedensgesellschaft''), of which he was vice-chairman. From 1903 he lived near Florence, until Italy joined the belligerents in 1915, after which he moved to Switzerland. World War I In 1915 Grelling wrote the anti-war book entitled ''J'Accuse'', condemning the actions of Germany in causing the war through its foreign policies. The book was banned in Germany but was translated into many languages and enjoyed huge sales. Printed excerpts in the form of propaganda leaflets from its text were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carl Von Ossietzky
Carl von Ossietzky (; 3 October 1889 – 4 May 1938) was a German journalist and pacifist. He was the recipient of the 1935 Nobel Peace Prize for his work in exposing the clandestine German re-armament. As editor-in-chief of the magazine ''Die Weltbühne'', Ossietzky published a series of exposés in the late 1920s, detailing Germany's violation of the Treaty of Versailles by rebuilding an air force (the predecessor of the Luftwaffe) and training pilots in the Soviet Union. He was convicted of treason and espionage in 1931 and sentenced to eighteen months in prison but was granted amnesty in December 1932. Ossietzky continued to be a vocal critic against German militarism after the Nazis' rise to power. Following the 1933 Reichstag fire, Ossietzky was again arrested and sent to the Esterwegen concentration camp near Oldenburg. In 1936, he was awarded the 1935 Nobel Peace Prize but was forbidden from travelling to Norway and accepting the prize. After enduring years of mistre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nazism
Nazism ( ; german: Nazismus), the common name in English for National Socialism (german: Nationalsozialismus, ), is the far-right totalitarian political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in Nazi Germany. During Hitler's rise to power in 1930s Europe, it was frequently referred to as Hitlerism (german: Hitlerfaschismus). The later related term "neo-Nazism" is applied to other far-right groups with similar ideas which formed after the Second World War. Nazism is a form of fascism, with disdain for liberal democracy and the parliamentary system. It incorporates a dictatorship, fervent antisemitism, anti-communism, scientific racism, and the use of eugenics into its creed. Its extreme nationalism originated in pan-Germanism and the ethno-nationalist '' Völkisch'' movement which had been a prominent aspect of German nationalism since the late 19th century, and it was strongly influenced by the paramilitary groups that emerged af ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Das Andere Deutschland
''Das Andere Deutschland'' (German, "The Other Germany") was a weekly newspaper established in Germany in 1925 to advocate republican and pacifist causes until its forced closing by the Nazi-led government. History The newspaper stemmed from the monthly review the ''Pazifist'', created in 1921. Both publications were administered by Fritz Küster. ''Das Andere Deutschland'' was the publication organ of the German Peace Society. During the Weimar Republic, Kurt Tucholsky, Erich Kästner, Heinrich Ströbel, Berthold Jacob, Carl Mertens, and Friedrich William Foerster, among others, wrote for the newspaper. The newspaper was shut down on March 11, 1933, less than two weeks after Paul von Hindenburg approved the Reichstag Fire Decree written by the Adolf Hitler government. Although it was initially supposed to be banned for three months, the Nazis' subsequent abrogation of remaining civil liberties kept it shuttered for the rest of the Nazi era. Küster was arrested and held in co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Anti-war Organizations
In order to facilitate organized, determined, and principled opposition to the wars, people have often founded anti-war organizations. These groups range from temporary coalitions which address one war or pending war, to more permanent structured organizations which work to end the concept of war and the factors which lead to large-scale destructive conflicts. The overwhelming majority do so in a nonviolent manner. The following list of anti-war organizations highlights past and present anti-war groups from around the world. International * Beyond War * Christian Peacemaker Teams * Dartmouth Conferences * Hands Off the People of Iran * Institute for Economics & Peace * International Campaign Against Aggression on Iraq * International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons * International Campaign to Ban Landmines * International Fellowship of Reconciliation * International Peace Bureau * International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War * Mondpaca Esperantista Movad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Europeana
Europeana is a web portal created by the European Union containing digitised cultural heritage collections of more than 3,000 institutions across Europe. It includes records of over 50 million cultural and scientific artefacts, brought together on a single platform and presented in a variety of ways relevant to modern users. The prototype for Europeana was the European Digital Library Network (EDLnet), launched in 2008. The Europeana Foundation is the governing body of the service, and is incorporated under Dutch law as Stichting Europeana. History Europeana had its beginnings after a letter was jointly sent in April 2005 by Jacques Chirac, President of France, and the premiers of Germany, Spain, Italy, Poland and Hungary to the President of the European Commission, José Manuel Durão Barroso. It urged the creation of a virtual European library in order to make Europe's cultural heritage more accessible to everyone. The letter helped to give added support to work that the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peace Organisations Based In Germany
Peace is a concept of societal friendship and harmony in the absence of hostility and violence. In a social sense, peace is commonly used to mean a lack of conflict (such as war) and freedom from fear of violence between individuals or groups. Throughout history, leaders have used peacemaking and diplomacy to establish a type of behavioral restraint that has resulted in the establishment of regional peace or economic growth through various forms of agreements or peace treaties. Such behavioral restraint has often resulted in the reduced conflict, greater economic interactivity, and consequently substantial prosperity. "Psychological peace" (such as peaceful thinking and emotions) is perhaps less well defined, yet often a necessary precursor to establishing "behavioural peace." Peaceful behaviour sometimes results from a "peaceful inner disposition." Some have expressed the belief that peace can be initiated with a certain quality of inner tranquility that does not depend upo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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