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German Institute For Rubber Technology
The German Institute for Rubber Technology. is a publicly funded nonprofit organization, based in Hanover Germany, whose purpose is the advancement of applied research in rubber technology. The mission includes both the chemical and physical behavior of rubber, and the reduction to practice of applications. It has been noted for producing many of the scientists working in the German rubber industry. It has been noted for its leadership in the tire industry on the topic of tire wear particles in the environment. History The institute was founded in 1981 on the initiative of the German rubber industry and the Lower Saxony Ministry of Economics, Labor, and Transport (ADK) with Dr. Gottfried Pampus as its initial director. The founding of the institute occurred during a period of expansion in Germany of 3rd party funding by means of institutionalized collaboration between academia and private industry. In 2004, a 1.5 million Euro expansion was made to add seminar rooms and a libr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abbreviated Name
An abbreviation (from Latin ''brevis'', meaning ''short'') is a shortened form of a word or phrase, by any method. It may consist of a group of letters or words taken from the full version of the word or phrase; for example, the word ''abbreviation'' can itself be represented by the abbreviation ''abbr.'', ''abbrv.'', or ''abbrev.''; ''NPO'', for nil (or nothing) per (by) os (mouth) is an abbreviated medical instruction. It may also consist of initials only, a mixture of initials and words, or words or letters representing words in another language (for example, e.g., i.e. or RSVP). Some types of abbreviations are acronyms (some pronounceable, some initialisms) or grammatical contractions or crasis. An abbreviation is a shortening by any of these or other methods. Different types of abbreviation Acronyms, initialisms, contractions and crasis share some semantic and phonetic functions, and all four are connected by the term "abbreviation" in loose parlance. A initialism is a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rubber Technology
Rubber Technology is the subject dealing with the transformation of rubbers or elastomers into useful products, such as automobile tires, rubber mats and, exercise rubber stretching bands. The materials includes latex, natural rubber, synthetic rubber and other polymeric materials, such as thermoplastic elastomers. Rubber processed through such methods are components of a wide range of items. Rubber products can be categorized into two main categories. * Dry rubber products (dry form) * Latex (wet rubber) products (liquid form) Vulcanization Most rubber products are vulcanized, a process which involves heating with a small quantity of sulphur (or equivalent cross-linking agent) so as to stabilise the polymer chains, over a wide range of temperature. This discovery was made by Charles Goodyear in the 1844, but is a process restricted to polymer chains having a Double bond in the backbone. Such materials include natural rubber and polybutadiene. The range of materials available ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hanover
Hanover (; german: Hannover ; nds, Hannober) is the capital and largest city of the German state of Lower Saxony. Its 535,932 (2021) inhabitants make it the 13th-largest city in Germany as well as the fourth-largest city in Northern Germany after Berlin, Hamburg and Bremen. Hanover's urban area comprises the towns of Garbsen, Langenhagen and Laatzen and has a population of about 791,000 (2018). The Hanover Region has approximately 1.16 million inhabitants (2019). The city lies at the confluence of the River Leine and its tributary the Ihme, in the south of the North German Plain, and is the largest city in the Hannover–Braunschweig–Göttingen–Wolfsburg Metropolitan Region. It is the fifth-largest city in the Low German dialect area after Hamburg, Dortmund, Essen and Bremen. Before it became the capital of Lower Saxony in 1946, Hannover was the capital of the Principality of Calenberg (1636–1692), the Electorate of Hanover (1692–1814), the Kingdom of Hannover ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rubber Pollution
Rubber pollution, similar to plastic pollution, occurs in various environments, and originates from a variety of sources, ranging from the food industry processing chain to tire wear. Synthetic and natural rubber dust and fragments now occur in food, airborne as particulates in air pollution, hidden in the earth as soil pollution, and in waterways, lakes and the sea. Causes Tire wear is a major source of rubber pollution. A concern is that, unlike exhaust emissions, vehicle tire wear pollution is not regulated. Some devices are nonetheless being developed in an effort to reduce the amount of particulates coming from the tire and otherwise ending up in the atmosphere. Although not immediately visible to the naked eye, tire dust makes up a significant portion of road debris. Other sources can be artificial turf and rubber O-rings and seals. Classification Very fine rubber dust particles can depending on the classification be counted among microplastic (because rubber is just a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lower Saxony
Lower Saxony (german: Niedersachsen ; nds, Neddersassen; stq, Läichsaksen) is a German state (') in northwestern Germany. It is the second-largest state by land area, with , and fourth-largest in population (8 million in 2021) among the 16 ' federated as the Federal Republic of Germany. In rural areas, Northern Low Saxon and Saterland Frisian are still spoken, albeit in declining numbers. Lower Saxony borders on (from north and clockwise) the North Sea, the states of Schleswig-Holstein, Hamburg, , Brandenburg, Saxony-Anhalt, Thuringia, Hesse and North Rhine-Westphalia, and the Netherlands. Furthermore, the state of Bremen forms two enclaves within Lower Saxony, one being the city of Bremen, the other its seaport, Bremerhaven (which is a semi-enclave, as it has a coastline). Lower Saxony thus borders more neighbours than any other single '. The state's largest cities are state capital Hanover, Braunschweig (Brunswick), Lüneburg, Osnabrück, Oldenburg, Hildesheim, Salzgitt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lanxess
Lanxess AG is a German specialty chemicals company based in Cologne, Germany that was founded in 2004 via the spin-off of the chemicals division and parts of the polymers business from Bayer AG. Shares in Lanxess AG were listed in Germany’s DAX from September 24, 2012 to September 21, 2015 and form part of MDAX, a midcap index. The company is listed in the Dow Jones Sustainability Index and FTSE4Good Index. In 2016, the company began to focus on the market for additives for lubricants and fire retardants by acquiring Chemtura and placing its rubber business into a joint venture with Aramco. In February 2020, Lanxess acquired Brazilian biocide manufacturer Itibanyl Produtos Especiais Ltda. (IPEL). In July 2022, Lanxess completed its acquisition of International Flavors & Fragrances International Flavors & Fragrances is an American corporation that produces flavors, fragrances, and cosmetic actives, which it markets globally. It is headquartered in New York City and has cre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qingdao University Of Science And Technology
Qingdao University of Science and Technology (, acronym QUST) is a university located in Qingdao, China, colloquially known as Qingkeda (). Having evolved from a college specializing in the chemical industry, it is now a comprehensive, multi-disciplinary university offering academic degrees in Science, Technology, Humanities, Business, Management, Medicine, Law and Arts. The school encompasses three campuses in Sifang and Laoshan districts of Qingdao and Gaomi district of Weifang. History The origin of the university lies in the ''Shenyang Light Industry Vocational School'' () which was founded in 1950. For that purpose, the government of the Northeast Region choose to put the premises of the ''Shenyang Wenhui Middle School'' (), a catholic school operating since 1876, to new use. Since being run by the Christian Church meant that the Wenhui School had soon to close, an agreement was reached beforehand in order to ensure the transition of both the teaching staff and the stud ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anke Blume
Anke Blume (b. 6 April 1969) is an engineering technology professor at the University of Twente known for her contributions to silica and silane chemistry for rubber applications. Education Anke Blume was born in Hanover, Germany, April 6, 1969. Blume studied chemistry at Leibniz University in Hannover, earning a master's degree in July 1993. She went on to complete doctoral studies at the German Institute for Rubber Technology (DIK), finishing in 1995 and continuing for a 9-month term as a post-doc. Career Blume began an industrial career in 1996 as a chemist with the product development group at silica supplier Degussa AG (later to become Evonik). In 2011, she managed intellectual property for silica and silane in rubber applications. Blume's academic career began when she joined the University of Twente in 2013, as Chair of Elastomer Technology and Engineering (ETE) Group. She has been noted for her contributions to rubber technology aimed at reduction, in particular f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ulrich Giese
Ulrich (), is a German given name, derived from Old High German ''Uodalrich'', ''Odalric''. It is composed of the elements '' uodal-'' meaning "(noble) heritage" and ''-rich'' meaning "rich, powerful". Attested from the 8th century as the name of Alamannic nobility, the name is popularly given from the high medieval period in reference to Saint Ulrich of Augsburg (canonized 993). There is also a surname Ulrich. It is most prevalent in Germany and has the highest density in SwitzerlandThis last name was found in the United States around the year 1840Most Americans with the last name were concentrated in Pennsylvania, which was home to many Pennsylvania Dutch, German immigrant communities. Nowadays in the United States, the name is distributed largely in the Pennsylvania-Ohio regio History Documents record the Old High German name ''Oadalrich'' or ''Uodalrich'' from the later 8th century in Alamannia. The related name ''Adalric'' (Anglo-Saxon cognate '' Æthelric'') is attested fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manfred Klüppel
''Manfred: A dramatic poem'' is a closet drama written in 1816–1817 by Lord Byron. It contains supernatural elements, in keeping with the popularity of the ghost story in England at the time. It is a typical example of a Gothic fiction. Byron commenced this work in late 1816, a few months after the famous ghost-story sessions with Percy Bysshe Shelley and Mary Shelley that provided the initial impetus for '' Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus ''. The supernatural references are made clear throughout the poem. ''Manfred'' was adapted musically by Robert Schumann in 1852, in a composition entitled '' Manfred: Dramatic Poem with Music in Three Parts'', and in 1885 by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky in his ''Manfred Symphony''. Friedrich Nietzsche was inspired by the poem's depiction of a super-human being to compose a piano score in 1872 based on it, "Manfred Meditation". Background Byron wrote this "metaphysical drama", as he called it, after his marriage to Annabella Millbank ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Schuster (rubber Scientist)
Robert Hans Schuster (born 8 September 1942) is the former director of the German Institute for Rubber Technology (DIK) and a popular lecturer on rubber technology. Education Schuster earned a Dipl.-Chem. in 1967 from the Institute of Organic Chemistry at Alexandru Ioan Cuza University in Romania. He earned a Doctor of Science in February 1984 at the Staudinger Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry at the University of Freiburg with a dissertation on the topic of "thermodynamic investigations on polystyrene-solvent systems" under advisor H.J. Cantow. Career From 1984 to 1992, Schuster led the Department of Chemistry and Physics of Elastomers at DIK. In 1992, he was appointed director of the DIK. He was also a lecturer at the Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry in the University of Hanover since 1987, and he held the rank of professor there since April 1996. His most cited work treats the subject of fractal filler networks in rubber. Awards * 2012 - Melvin Mooney Disti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rubber Industry
Rubber, also called India rubber, latex, Amazonian rubber, ''caucho'', or ''caoutchouc'', as initially produced, consists of polymers of the organic compound isoprene, with minor impurities of other organic compounds. Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia are three of the leading rubber producers. Types of polyisoprene that are used as natural rubbers are classified as elastomers. Currently, rubber is harvested mainly in the form of the latex from the Hevea brasiliensis, rubber tree (''Hevea brasiliensis'') or others. The latex is a sticky, milky and white colloid drawn off by making incisions in the bark and collecting the fluid in vessels in a process called "tapping". The latex then is refined into the rubber that is ready for commercial processing. In major areas, latex is allowed to coagulate in the collection cup. The coagulated lumps are collected and processed into dry forms for sale. Natural rubber is used extensively in many applications and products, either alone or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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