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Georg Melchior Kraus
Georg Melchior Kraus (26 July 1737, in Frankfurt am Main – 5 November 1806, in Weimar) was a German painter. He was a co-founder of the Weimar Princely Free Drawing School, together with Friedrich Justin Bertuch, in 1776. Life He was the sixth of nine children, five of whom died while infants. His parents, Cornelia and Johann, operated an inn called "Zur weissen Schlangen" (At the White Snakes) in Frankfurt. Cornelia died when he was eight, and Johann remarried that same year. From 1759 to 1762, he worked with Johann Heinrich Tischbein at his studio in Kassel, which was attached to the court of Frederick II, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel. In 1762, he travelled to Paris to study with the engraver, Johann Georg Wille. While there, he also befriended the genre painter, Jean-Baptiste Greuze. After returning to Frankfurt, in 1766, he worked as a private drawing teacher. His notable students included Sophie von La Roche, Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kraus Georg Melchior Selbstbildnisr@20150929 01
Kraus is a German surname meaning "curly". Notable people with the surname include: * Adalbert Kraus (born 1937), German tenor * Adam Kraus (born 1984), American footballer * Adolf Kraus (1850–1928), lawyer and Jewish leader * Adolph Robert Kraus (1850–1901), American sculptor * Alanna Kraus (born 1977), Canadian speed skater * Albert Kraus (born 1980), Dutch welterweight kickboxer * Alfredo Kraus (1927–1999), Spanish opera singer * Barbara Kraus, Austrian physicist * Bill Kraus (1947–1986), American homosexual rights and AIDS activist * Brigitte Kraus (born 1956), German middle distance runner * Bruce Kraus (born 1954), American politician and businessman * Charles A. Kraus (1875–1967), American chemist * Charles Kraus (clown) (born 1946), American clown, magician, writer, and comedian * Chris Kraus (American writer) (born 1955), American writer and filmmaker * Chris Kraus (director) (born 1963), German author and filmmaker * Christian Jakob Kraus (1753–1807), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Journal Des Luxus Und Der Moden
''Journal des Luxus und der Moden'', was a German fashion magazine, published between 1786 and 1827. It is recognized to be one of the first fashion magazines in the world.Koning, Georgette, and Els Verhaak. New for Now: the Origin of Fashion Magazines. Translated by Lynne Richards. Amsterdam: Rijksmuseum, 2015 The magazine was preceded by the ''Cabinet des Modes'', which became the world's first fashion magazine one year prior, and was followed by ''Journal des Luxus und der Moden'' (1786-1827) in Germany and '' Giornale delle Dame e delle Mode di Francia'' in Italy (1786-1794), which thereby became the second and the third fashion magazine in the world, respectively. As the French fashion magazine was discontinued during the French revolution The French Revolution ( ) was a period of radical political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789 and ended with the formation of the French Consulate in November 1799. Many of its ideas are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Goethe-Gesellschaft
The (Goethe Society), not to be confused with the Goethe-Institut, is a literary and scientific organisation to explore the literary work of the German poet and writer Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. It was founded in Weimar, where he lived, in 1885 by Charles Alexander, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach. It aims at "deeper understanding of Goethe's work and its relevance to the modern world and dedicated research". It publishes a periodical publication, the ' (Yearbook), first published in 1880 by Ludwig Geiger. The highest award is the Goethe Medal in Gold. The Goethe Society has approximately 3500 members from 55 countries, approximately 8000 members are organised in 57 local associations. The Goethe Society of North America was founded in 1979. Members are interested amateurs, as well as scientists and institutions. Besides the Goethe Society in Weimar, many other groups are established both at home and abroad. Every two years, a meeting is organised in Weimar for lectures and di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siege Of Mainz (1793)
In the siege of Mainz (german: Belagerung von Mainz), from 14 April to 23 July 1793, a coalition of Prussia, Austria, and other German states led by the Holy Roman Empire besieged and captured Mainz from revolutionary French forces. The allies, especially the Prussians, first tried negotiations, but this failed, and the bombardment of the city began on the night of 17 June. Siege Within the town the siege and bombardment led to stress between citizens, municipality and the French war council, governing since 2 April. The city administration was displaced on 13 July; this increased the stubbornness of the remaining population. Since a relief army was missing, the war council was forced to take up negotiations with the allied forces on 17 July; the remaining soldiers capitulated on 23 July. Nearly 19,000 French troops surrendered at the end of the siege, but were allowed to return to France if they promised not to fight against the allies for one year. Consequently, they were u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Princess Louise Of Hesse-Darmstadt (1757–1830)
Princess and Landgravine Louise of Hesse-Darmstadt (30 January 1757 – 14 February 1830) was a German princess. She was the daughter of Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt. On 3 October 1775 she married duke (later grand-duke) Charles Augustus, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, Charles Augustus of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach and as such a member of the court sphere of Weimar Classicism. She was held to be serious and introverted but also compassionate and sympathetic, in the aftermath of the Battle of Jena which guaranteed her part in the later "myth of Weimar" ("Weimarmythos"). Life Early life The princess belonged to the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt, House of Darmstadt, which held the Hessian landgraviate. She was born on 30 January 1757 in Frederick II of Prussia, Frederick II's Prussian capital, Berlin, where her parents were due to the Seven Years' War. Her father Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt, Louis IX succeeded to the landgraviate in 1768 and was at the ti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harz
The Harz () is a highland area in northern Germany. It has the highest elevations for that region, and its rugged terrain extends across parts of Lower Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, and Thuringia. The name ''Harz'' derives from the Middle High German word ''Hardt'' or ''Hart'' (hill forest). The name ''Hercynia'' derives from a Celtic name and could refer to other mountain forests, but has also been applied to the geology of the Harz. The Brocken is the highest summit in the Harz with an elevation of above sea level. The Wurmberg () is the highest peak located entirely within the state of Lower Saxony. Geography Location and extent The Harz has a length of , stretching from the town of Seesen in the northwest to Eisleben in the east, and a width of . It occupies an area of , and is divided into the Upper Harz (''Oberharz'') in the northwest, which is up to 800 m high, apart from the 1,100 m high Brocken massif, and the Lower Harz (''Unterharz'') in the east which is up to aroun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hübichenstein
The Hübichenstein is an unusual rock formation in the Harz mountains, 50 meters in height, located on highway B242 about one kilometer northwest of Bad Grund, Lower Saxony, Germany. In 1897 it was crowned with a monument to Kaiser Wilhelm I, in the shape of an eagle Eagle is the common name for many large birds of prey of the family Accipitridae. Eagles belong to several groups of genera, some of which are closely related. Most of the 68 species of eagle are from Eurasia and Africa. Outside this area, just ... with three-meter wingspan. References Bad Grund: Hübichenstein* German Wikipedia article Hills of Lower Saxony Rock formations of the Harz Rock formations of Lower Saxony {{Göttingen-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duchess Anna Amalia Of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
Anna Amalia of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (24 October 173910 April 1807), was a German princess and composer. She became the duchess of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, by marriage, and was also regent of the states of Saxe-Weimar and Saxe-Eisenach from 1758 to 1775. She transformed her court and its surrounding into the most influential cultural center of Germany. Family She was born in Wolfenbüttel, the ninth child of Karl I, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and Princess Philippine Charlotte of Prussia. Her maternal grandparents were Frederick William I of Prussia and Sophia Dorothea of Hanover. Education Anna Amalia was well-educated as befitted a princess. She studied music with Friedrich Gottlob Fleischer and Ernst Wilhelm Wolf.. Marriage In Brunswick, on 16 March 1756, sixteen-year-old Anna Amalia married eighteen-year-old Ernst August II Konstantin, Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach and they had two sons. Ernst August died in 1758 leaving her regent for their infant son, Ka ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Goslar
Goslar (; Eastphalian: ''Goslär'') is a historic town in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is the administrative centre of the district of Goslar and located on the northwestern slopes of the Harz mountain range. The Old Town of Goslar and the Mines of Rammelsberg are UNESCO World Heritage Sites for their millenium-long testimony to the history of ore mining and their political importance for the Holy Roman Empire and Hanseatic League. Each year Goslar awards the Kaiserring to an international artist, called the "Nobel Prize" of the art world. Geography Goslar is situated in the middle of the upper half of Germany, about south of Brunswick and about southeast of the state capital, Hanover. The Schalke mountain is the highest elevation within the municipal boundaries at . The lowest point of is near the Oker river. Geographically, Goslar forms the boundary between the Hildesheim Börde which is part of the Northern German Plain, and the Harz range, which is the highest, norther ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jena
Jena () is a German city and the second largest city in Thuringia. Together with the nearby cities of Erfurt and Weimar, it forms the central metropolitan area of Thuringia with approximately 500,000 inhabitants, while the city itself has a population of about 110,000. Jena is a centre of education and research; the Friedrich Schiller University was founded in 1558 and had 18,000 students in 2017 and the Ernst-Abbe-Fachhochschule Jena counts another 5,000 students. Furthermore, there are many institutes of the leading German research societies. Jena was first mentioned in 1182 and stayed a small town until the 19th century, when industry developed. For most of the 20th century, Jena was a world centre of the optical industry around companies such as Carl Zeiss, Schott and Jenoptik (since 1990). As one of only a few medium-sized cities in Germany, it has some high-rise buildings in the city centre, such as the JenTower. These also have their origin in the former Carl Zeiss factor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johannistor (Jena)
The Johannistor is the only remaining preserved city gate of the city of Jena, Thuringia, Germany. As part of the medieval city wall, it is connected to the Pulverturm (a tower, also preserved) via a reconstructed walkway. The outer gate remained in existence until the beginning of the nineteenth century, when it was demolished as a result of increasing traffic. Until the houses lining the south side of Johannisstrasse were demolished in 1968, the Johannistor remained the only western entrance to the old town of Jena. History and description The first written reference to the western gate tower dates to 1304. In the fifteenth century, it was reconstructed in the late Gothic style featuring the addition of a bay window. The tower features a square floor plan with dimensions of 7.72 m x 7.85 m; its total height is 31.70 m. The only access to the tower was from the ramparts of the city wall, over a narrow gate situated at a height of 7.75 m above ground. Inside, the upper store ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Powder House
A powder tower (german: Pulverturm), occasionally also powder house (''Pulverhaus''), was a building used by the military or by mining companies, frequently a tower, to store gunpowder or, later, explosives. They were common until the 20th century, but were increasingly succeeded by gunpowder magazines and ammunition depots. The explosion of a powder tower could be catastrophic as, for example, in the Delft Explosion of 1654. Buildings formerly used as powder towers include the following: * Langer Turm, Aachen * Pulvertürmchen in Aachen * Pulverturm, Andernach * Pulverturm, Anklam * Bentheim Castle#The Powder Tower, Pulverturm, Bad Bentheim * Pulverturm, Bad Reichenhall * Bremer Pulvertürme * Pulverturm, Burghausen * Malteserturm in Chur * Knochenturm in Einbeck * Pulverturm, Greiz * Färberturm, Gunzenhausen * Pulverturm, Hameln * Pulverturm, Johanngeorgenstadt * Pulverturm, Jena * Pulverturm, Krems * Pulverturm, Leutkirch im Allgäu * Pulverturm, Lindau * Pulverturm Lingen, P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
