|
Geophysical Tomography Group
The Geophysical Tomography Group was part of the Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (Jussieu Campus). During the years 1985-2000 it made developments in the domain of nonlinear fitting of seismic waveforms. The work of the group has been described as pioneering. History By the year 1985, the imaging methods used by the oil industry were based in signal-processing concepts, and it seemed that modern methods, based on careful waveform modeling and waveform fitting optimization were desirable. The team tried to make real-life demonstrations that the methods of inverse theory could be applied to the imaging problem typical of seismic exploration. The GTG was founded by Albert Tarantola, who authored an influential paper on the inversion of seismic reflection data.A. TarantolaInversion of seismic reflection data in the acoustic approximation J. Geophysics 49, 1259 (1984). The GTG published work on fully nonlinear waveform fitting is possible on seismic exploration data, using ela ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geophysical Tomography Group (logo)
The Geophysical Tomography Group was part of the Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (Jussieu Campus). During the years 1985-2000 it made developments in the domain of nonlinear fitting of seismic waveforms. The work of the group has been described as pioneering. History By the year 1985, the imaging methods used by the oil industry were based in signal-processing concepts, and it seemed that modern methods, based on careful waveform modeling and waveform fitting optimization were desirable. The team tried to make real-life demonstrations that the methods of inverse theory could be applied to the imaging problem typical of seismic exploration. The GTG was founded by Albert Tarantola, who authored an influential paper on the inversion of seismic reflection data.A. TarantolaInversion of seismic reflection data in the acoustic approximation J. Geophysics 49, 1259 (1984). The GTG published work on fully nonlinear waveform fitting is possible on seismic exploration data, using ela ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Institut De Physique Du Globe De Paris
The Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris - Université de Paris (IPGP, University of Paris; French for "Paris Institute of Earth Physics") is a French governmental, non-profit research and higher education establishment located in Paris, dedicated to the study of earth and planetary sciences by combining observations, laboratory analysis and construction of conceptual analogical and numerical models. IPGP is part of CNRS (UMR 7154) and University Paris-Diderot. It is the second largest CNRS research unit in France. The institute has 14 research divisions and 6 observatories. IPGP is also in charge by the French government of monitoring the active volcanoes on French territories in addition to the management of the worldwide network of seismological stations GEOSCOPE, and a major contribution to the worldwide network of magnetic observatories Intermagnet. IPGP maintains permanent volcanologic observatories on the islands of Réunion (Piton de la Fournaise), Guadeloupe ( La Souf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jussieu Campus
The Jussieu Campus (''Campus Universitaire de Jussieu'') is a higher education campus located in the 5th arrondissement of Paris, France. It is the main campus of the Faculty of Science of Sorbonne University. Paris-VII University (now merged into University of Paris), was also originally located on the Jussieu campus, but moved to a new, independent campus, , in the new Paris Rive Gauche neighbourhood in 2006-2012. History The campus was opened in 1951 and eventually it would host a great part of the old faculty of sciences of the Sorbonne. The campus is built on the site of the former "Halle aux Vins," a wine market created by Napoleon Bonaparte. In 1957, the first university buildings were built along the Eastern bank of the River Seine (le quai Saint-Bernard), and Rue Cuvier. In order to allow the wine market to remain on the site, the architects planned to construct the buildings on stilts above the roads of the market. However, in 1964, with over 20,000 science stude ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albert Tarantola
Albert Tarantola was a Spanish-born physicist (Barcelona, June 15, 1949 – December 6, 2009), of the University of Paris and the Institut de Physique du Globe (IPGP), and author of the book ''Probabilistic Formulation of Inverse Problems'' (Tarantola, 1987, 2005). Tarantola was the leader of the Geophysical Tomography Group, that during the years 1985—2000 developed methods for the interpretation of seismic waveform data. Beyond just this field, he is widely credited with popularizing the idea that inverse problems can be interpreted in a statistical sense, yielding the Bayesian perspective of inverse problems. Apart from his scientific research, Tarantola taught both at IPGP and at other universities. In 2018, he was given the Maurice Ewing Medal Two international geophysical societies offer awards each year which are named in honor of Maurice Ewing; these are the American Geophysical Union and the Society of Exploration Geophysicists: __TOC__ AGU Ewing Medal The Maurice Ewi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monte Carlo Method
Monte Carlo methods, or Monte Carlo experiments, are a broad class of computational algorithms that rely on repeated random sampling to obtain numerical results. The underlying concept is to use randomness to solve problems that might be deterministic in principle. They are often used in physical and mathematical problems and are most useful when it is difficult or impossible to use other approaches. Monte Carlo methods are mainly used in three problem classes: optimization, numerical integration, and generating draws from a probability distribution. In physics-related problems, Monte Carlo methods are useful for simulating systems with many coupled degrees of freedom, such as fluids, disordered materials, strongly coupled solids, and cellular structures (see cellular Potts model, interacting particle systems, McKean–Vlasov processes, kinetic models of gases). Other examples include modeling phenomena with significant uncertainty in inputs such as the calculation of ris ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Research Institutes In France
Research is " creative and systematic work undertaken to increase the stock of knowledge". It involves the collection, organization and analysis of evidence to increase understanding of a topic, characterized by a particular attentiveness to controlling sources of bias and error. These activities are characterized by accounting and controlling for biases. A research project may be an expansion on past work in the field. To test the validity of instruments, procedures, or experiments, research may replicate elements of prior projects or the project as a whole. The primary purposes of basic research (as opposed to applied research) are documentation, discovery, interpretation, and the research and development (R&D) of methods and systems for the advancement of human knowledge. Approaches to research depend on epistemologies, which vary considerably both within and between humanities and sciences. There are several forms of research: scientific, humanities, artistic, econom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
