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Gekiga
, literally "dramatic pictures", is a style of Japanese comics aimed at adult audiences and marked by a more cinematic art style and more mature themes. ''Gekiga'' was the predominant style of adult comics in Japan in the 1960s and 1970s. It is aesthetically defined by sharp angles, dark hatching, and gritty lines, and thematically by realism, social engagement, maturity, and masculinity. History In the 1950s, mainstream Japanese comics (manga) came from Tokyo and was aimed at children, led by the work of Osamu Tezuka. Before Tezuka moved to Tokyo, he lived in Osaka and mentored artists such as Yoshihiro Tatsumi and Masahiko Matsumoto who admired him. Although influenced by Tezuka and his cinematic style, Tatsumi and his colleagues were not interested in making comics for children. They wanted to write comics for adults that were more graphic and showed more violence. Tatsumi explained, "Part of that was influenced by the newspaper stories I would read. I would have an emotiona ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yoshihiro Tatsumi
was a Japanese manga artist whose work was first published in his teens, and continued through the rest of his life. He is widely credited with starting the gekiga style of alternative manga in Japan, having allegedly coined the term in 1957. His work frequently illustrated the darker elements of life. Biography Childhood and early work Tatsumi grew up in Osaka, near a U.S. military base called Itami Airfield. As a child, with his old brother Okimasa, Tatsumi contributed amateur four-panel manga to magazines that featured readers' work, winning several times. After corresponding with like-minded children, Tatsumi helped form the Children's Manga Association. This led to a round-table discussion for the grade school edition of ''Mainichi Shimbun'' with pioneering manga artist Osamu Tezuka. Tatsumi formed a relationship with Tezuka, who encouraged him to try making longer stories. Another well-known manga artist, , also gave Tatsumi feedback and advice. Ōshiro later asked t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gekiga
, literally "dramatic pictures", is a style of Japanese comics aimed at adult audiences and marked by a more cinematic art style and more mature themes. ''Gekiga'' was the predominant style of adult comics in Japan in the 1960s and 1970s. It is aesthetically defined by sharp angles, dark hatching, and gritty lines, and thematically by realism, social engagement, maturity, and masculinity. History In the 1950s, mainstream Japanese comics (manga) came from Tokyo and was aimed at children, led by the work of Osamu Tezuka. Before Tezuka moved to Tokyo, he lived in Osaka and mentored artists such as Yoshihiro Tatsumi and Masahiko Matsumoto who admired him. Although influenced by Tezuka and his cinematic style, Tatsumi and his colleagues were not interested in making comics for children. They wanted to write comics for adults that were more graphic and showed more violence. Tatsumi explained, "Part of that was influenced by the newspaper stories I would read. I would have an emotiona ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manga
Manga (Japanese: 漫画 ) are comics or graphic novels originating from Japan. Most manga conform to a style developed in Japan in the late 19th century, and the form has a long prehistory in earlier Japanese art. The term ''manga'' is used in Japan to refer to both comics and cartooning. Outside of Japan, the word is typically used to refer to comics originally published in the country. In Japan, people of all ages and walks of life read manga. The medium includes works in a broad range of genres: action, adventure, business and commerce, comedy, detective, drama, historical, horror, mystery, romance, science fiction and fantasy, erotica ('' hentai'' and ''ecchi''), sports and games, and suspense, among others. Many manga are translated into other languages. Since the 1950s, manga has become an increasingly major part of the Japanese publishing industry. By 1995, the manga market in Japan was valued at (), with annual sales of 1.9billion manga books and manga magazi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Takao Saito
was a Japanese manga artist, although he rejected the term and considered his work gekiga. He was best known for '' Golgo 13'', which has been serialized in ''Big Comic'' since 1968, making it the oldest manga still in publication. ''Golgo 13'' holds the Guinness World Record for "Most volumes published for a single manga series" and, in accordance with Saito's wishes, it continues to be serialized following his death from pancreatic cancer in September 2021. Saito won several awards in his 66-year career, including the Shogakukan Manga Award twice, and received the Medal with Purple Ribbon and Order of the Rising Sun from the Japanese government for his contributions to the arts. Early life and career Born in Nishiwasa city (now Wakayama city), Saito's family moved to Osaka soon after and opened a barbershop. He did not know he was born in Nishiwasa until he was 43 years old. After his father left the family to become a photographer, his mother raised Saito and his four s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Garo (magazine)
was a monthly manga anthology magazine in Japan, founded by Katsuichi Nagai and published by Seirindō from 1964 until 2002. It was fundamental for the emergence and development of alternative and avant-garde manga. History Katsuichi Nagai founded ''Garo'' in July 1964 in order to publish the work of ''gekiga'' artists who didn't want to work for mainstream manga magazines after the demise of the rental book industry ( ''kashihon''). The magazine offered artists artistic freedom, but didn't pay them any salaries. Nagai particularly wanted to promote Marxist ''gekiga'' artist Sanpei Shirato's work, naming the magazine after one of Shirato's ninja characters. The first series published in ''Garo'' was Shirato's drama '' Kamui'' explored themes of class struggle and anti-authoritarianism around a Burakumin ninja boy with an Ainu name. Nagai originally intended the magazine to be for elementary and middle school children to become educated about antimilitarism and direct democra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Osamu Tezuka
Osamu Tezuka (, born , ''Tezuka Osamu''; – 9 February 1989) was a Japanese manga artist, cartoonist, and animator. Born in Osaka Prefecture, his prolific output, pioneering techniques, and innovative redefinitions of genres earned him such titles as , and . Additionally, he is often considered the Japanese equivalent to Walt Disney, who served as a major inspiration during Tezuka's formative years. Though this phrase praises the quality of his early manga works for children and animations, it also blurs the significant influence of his later, more literary, gekiga works. Tezuka began what was known as the manga revolution in Japan with his '' New Treasure Island'' published in 1947. His output would spawn some of the most influential, successful, and well-received manga series including the children mangas ''Astro Boy'', '' Princess Knight'' and ''Kimba the White Lion'', and the adult-oriented series '' Black Jack'', ''Phoenix'', and ''Buddha'', all of which won several aw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yoshiharu Tsuge
is a Japanese cartoonist and essayist. He was active in comics between 1955 and 1987. His works range from tales of ordinary life to dream-like surrealism, and often show his interest in traveling about Japan. He has garnered the most attention from the surrealistic works he had published in the late 1960s in the avant-garde magazine ''Garo''. Tsuge began producing comics in 1955 for the rental comics industry that flourished in impoverished post-War Japan. Initially, he made comics in the hard-boiled ''gekiga'' style–dark, realistic tales with negative endings. When rental comics ceased to be viable employment in the mid-1960s, Tsuge was in dire straits until he was picked up by the publishers of the avant garde comics magazine ''Garo''. From 1965 to 1970, he entered his most widely known phase when he produced often surrealistic and introspective works for ''Garo''. The June 1968 issue saw the most famous of these: the dream-based "''Neji-shiki''" (most commonly rend ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Noboru Kawasaki
is a Japanese manga artist. He is most famous for illustrating the series ''Star of the Giants''. He won the 14th Shogakukan Manga Award in 1969 for ''Animal 1'' and ''Inakappe Taishō'' as well as the eighth Kodansha Children's Manga Award for ''Star of the Giants'' in 1967 and its successor Kodansha Manga Award in '' shōnen'' category for ''Football Hawk'' in 1978. He is also the creator of ''The Song of Tentomushi'', ''Skyers 5'' and ''Kōya no Shōnen Isamu''. Works * ''Ame ni mo Makezu'' (4 volumes, 1983) * ''Animal 1'' (4 volumes, 1968) * ''Captain Gorou'' (1 volume, 1968) * ''Daimakujira'' (1 volume, 1968) * ''Doudou Yarou'' (1 volume, 1970) * ''Football Hawk'' (10 volumes, 1977) * ''Fukidamari'' (1 volume, 1976) * ''Honoo no Michi'' (1 volume, 1987) * ''Inakappe Taishō'' (6 volumes, 1970) * ''Isamu the Wilderness Boy'' (12 volumes, 1971) * ''Kuroi Kuroi Tani'' (2 volumes, 1967) * ''Musashi'' (13 volumes, 1974) * ''Otoko no Jouken'' (2 volumes, 1968) * ''Rounin Tanbee Zet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ikki Kajiwara
, known by the pen names and , was a Japanese author, manga writer, and film producer. He is known for the work about sports and martial arts, with images of heroic young men with the occasional fine details as he moves from one topic to another. He considered ''Tiger Mask'' and '' Star of the Giants'' to be his life's work. Biography The son of an illustrator and editor, Takamori was a notorious juvenile delinquent with an interest on fighting. After World War II, his family moved to Tokyo, where he jumped schools until landing a job as a novelist at 17. He adopted the pen names Ikki Kajiwara and Asao Takamori, since he was writing for a rival magazine at the time.Clements, Jonathan; McCarthy Helen. (2006). ''The Anime Encyclopedia: Revised & Expanded Edition''. Berkeley, CA: Stone Bridge Press. . He was married to Pai Bing-bing and fathered a daughter, Pai Hsiao-yen, who was kidnapped, tortured, and murdered in 1997. Works Manga All listings are as Ikki Kajiwara unless o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ryoichi Ikegami
is a Japanese manga artist that usually works as the illustrator in collaboration with a writer. He is best known for ''Crying Freeman'' (1986–1988), written by Kazuo Koike, and ''Heat'' (1999–2004), written by Buronson. The latter won the 2001 Shogakukan Manga Award for general manga. Yoshihide Fujiwara is a former assistant of Ikegami's. Career After graduating from junior high school, Ikegami moved to Osaka and drew manga while working as a billboard sign painter, debuting at the age of 17 writing rental comics. Urasawa Naoki no Manben: Ikegami Ryoichi (S3E1, 2016), NHK Educational TV In 1966, he published a story called in the gekiga magazine ''Garo'' that caught the eye of fellow ''Garo'' contributor, Shigeru Mizuki, who offered him a job as his assistant. Ikegami accepted and moved to Tokyo where he worked as Mizuki's assistant for two and a half years. From a young age Ikegami had admired Takao Saito and Yoshiharu Tsuge, so he was delighted to work with Tsuge as Mi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red Colored Elegy
is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Seiichi Hayashi. The manga was serialized in manga magazine, ''Garo'' from 1970 to 1971. It is licensed in North America by Drawn & Quarterly, which released the manga on July 8, 2008. It was adapted into an original video animation by Toei Animation on June 21, 2007. Media Manga ''Red Colored Elegy'' is written and illustrated by Seiichi Hayashi. The manga was serialized in manga magazine, ''Garo'' from 1970 to 1971. Shogakukan published the manga in 1970/1971. It was republished on July 15, 2000. The manga is licensed in North America by Drawn & Quarterly, which released the manga on July 8, 2008. Music An eponymous single, performed by Morio Agata, was released on April 25, 1972 and peak ranked 7th in Oricon singles charts with more than 290,000 copies sold. OVA An original video animation was created for ''Red Colored Elegy'' by Toei Animation on June 21, 2007. The OVA was directed by Seiichi Hayashi and its musi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alternative Manga
Alternative manga or underground manga is a Western term for Japanese comics that are published outside the more commercial manga market, or which have different art styles, themes, and narratives to those found in the more popular manga magazines. The term was taken from the similar alternative comics. The artistic center of alternative manga production was from the 1960s until the 1990s the manga magazine ''Garo'', which is why in Japan, alternative manga are often called ''Garo-kei'' (ガロ系, "Garo-tique"), even if they were not published in ''Garo''. History Alternative manga originated in the lending libraries of post-war Japan, which charged a small fee for borrowing books. This mark et was essentially its own marketplace with many manga being printed exclusively for it. The market was notorious amongst parental groups for containing more lewd content than the normal mainstream manga publishers would allow. Consequently, the market tended to appeal to a slightly ol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
