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GM HydroGen4
HydroGen4 is the successor of the fuel cell vehicle HydroGen3, developed by General Motors/Opel and presented in 2007 at the IAA in Frankfurt, Germany. It is expected that automotive hydrogen technology, such as the type featured in the HydroGen4, may enter the early commercialization phase in the 2015 - 2020 time frame. Specification The vehicle is based on the Chevrolet Equinox and has a GM fuel cell with 440 cells and an output of 93 kW. The hybrid powertrain also contains a nickel-metal-hydride battery with an energy content of 1.8 kWh/35 kW and a three-phase synchronous motor with 73 kW continuous power and 320 Nm of torque. The peak power of the engine is 94 kW. The hydrogen tanks at 700 Bar (10000 PSI) pressure contain 4.2 kilograms of hydrogen, which last about . The maximum speed is 160 km/h with an acceleration from 0 to 100 km/h in 12 seconds. The HydroGen4 was produced in a batch of 170 pcs from which 10 for the Clean Energy Partnership p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
General Motors
The General Motors Company (GM) is an American Multinational corporation, multinational Automotive industry, automotive manufacturing company headquartered in Detroit, Michigan, United States. It is the largest automaker in the United States and was the largest in the world for 77 years before losing the top spot to Toyota in 2008. General Motors operates manufacturing plants in eight countries. Its four core automobile brands are Chevrolet, Buick, GMC (automobile), GMC, and Cadillac. It also holds interests in Chinese brands Wuling Motors and Baojun as well as DMAX (engines), DMAX via joint ventures. Additionally, GM also owns the BrightDrop delivery vehicle manufacturer, GM Defense, a namesake Defense vehicles division which produces military vehicles for the United States government and military; the vehicle safety, security, and information services provider OnStar; the auto parts company ACDelco, a GM Financial, namesake financial lending service; and majority ownership in t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydrogen Tank
A hydrogen tank (other names- cartridge or canister) is used for hydrogen storage. The first type IV hydrogen tanks for compressed hydrogen at were demonstrated in 2001, the first fuel cell vehicles on the road with type IV tanks are the Toyota FCHV, Mercedes-Benz F-Cell and the GM HydroGen4. Low-pressure tanks Various applications have allowed the development of different H2 storage scenarios. Recently, the Hy-Can consortium has introduced a small one liter, format. Horizon Fuel Cells is now selling a refillable metal hydride form factor for consumer use called HydroStik. Type I * Metal tank (steel/aluminum) * Approximate maximum pressures: aluminum , steel . Type II * Aluminum tank with filament windings such as glass fiber/aramid or carbon fiber around the metal cylinder. See composite overwrapped pressure vessel. * Approximate maximum pressures: aluminum/glass , steel/carbon or aramide . Type III * Tanks made from composite material, fiberglass/aramid or carbon fiber wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cars Introduced In 2007
A car or automobile is a motor vehicle with wheels. Most definitions of ''cars'' say that they run primarily on roads, seat one to eight people, have four wheels, and mainly transport people instead of goods. The year 1886 is regarded as the birth year of the car, when German inventor Carl Benz patented his Benz Patent-Motorwagen. Cars became widely available during the 20th century. One of the first cars affordable by the masses was the 1908 Model T, an American car manufactured by the Ford Motor Company. Cars were rapidly adopted in the US, where they replaced animal-drawn carriages and carts. In Europe and other parts of the world, demand for automobiles did not increase until after World War II. The car is considered an essential part of the developed economy. Cars have controls for driving, parking, passenger comfort, and a variety of lights. Over the decades, additional features and controls have been added to vehicles, making them progressively more complex. These i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Front-wheel-drive Vehicles
Front-wheel drive (FWD) is a form of engine and transmission layout used in motor vehicles, where the engine drives the front wheels only. Most modern front-wheel drive vehicles feature a transverse engine, rather than the conventional longitudinal engine arrangement generally found in rear-wheel drive and four-wheel drive vehicles. Location of engine and transmission By far the most common layout for a front-wheel drive car is with the engine and transmission at the front of the car, mounted transversely. Other layouts of front-wheel drive that have been occasionally produced are a front-engine mounted longitudinally, a mid-engine layout and a rear-engine layout. History Prior to 1900 Experiments with front-wheel drive cars date to the early days of the automobile. The world's first self-propelled vehicle, Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot's 1769/1770 "fardier à vapeur", was a front-wheel driven three-wheeled steam-tractor. It then took at least a century, for the first e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
All-wheel-drive Vehicles
An all-wheel drive vehicle (AWD vehicle) is one with a powertrain capable of providing power to all its wheels, whether full-time or on-demand. The most common forms of all-wheel drive are: ;1x1 : All unicycles Reflecting one axle with one wheel capable of being powered. ; 2x2 : Some motorcycles and bikes Reflecting two axles with one wheel on each capable of being powered. ;4×4 (also, four-wheel drive and 4WD): Reflecting two axles with both wheels on each capable of being powered. ; 6×6 (also, six-wheel drive and 6WD): Reflecting three axles with both wheels on each capable of being powered. ;8×8 (also, eight-wheel drive and 8WD): Reflecting four axles with both wheels on each capable of being powered. Vehicles may be either part-time all-wheel drive or full-time: ;On-demand (also, part-time): One axle is permanently connected to the drive, the other is being connected as needed ;Full-time (also, permanent): All axles are permanently connected, with or without a dif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crossover Sport Utility Vehicles
Crossover may refer to: Entertainment Albums and songs * ''Cross Over'' (Dan Peek album) * ''Crossover'' (Dirty Rotten Imbeciles album), 1987 * ''Crossover'' (Intrigue album) * ''Crossover'' (Hitomi Shimatani album) * ''Crossover'' (Yoshinori Sunahara album), 1995 * "Cross Over" (song), a 2013 single by the Japanese girl idol group 9nine * "Crossover" (song), by EPMD Comics * ''Cross Over'' (manga), by Kouji Seo * Crossover (storyline), a 2005 ''Fantastic Four'' storyline * ''The Crossovers'', a 2003 CrossGen comic book series * ''Crossover'' (Image Comics), a 2020 comic book series Film and television * ''Crossover'' (1980 film), a 1980 film * ''Crossover'' (2006 film), a 2006 basketball drama by Preston A. Whitmore II * "Crossover" (''Adventure Time''), a 2016 episode of the animated series ''Adventure Time'' * "Crossover" (''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine''), a 1994 episode of ''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'' Other entertainment * Crossover (fiction), a storyline comb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fuel Cell Vehicles
A fuel cell vehicle (FCV) or fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) is an electric vehicle that uses a fuel cell, sometimes in combination with a small battery or supercapacitor, to power its onboard electric motor. Fuel cells in vehicles generate electricity generally using oxygen from the air and compressed hydrogen. Most fuel cell vehicles are classified as zero-emissions vehicles that emit only water and heat. As compared with internal combustion vehicles, hydrogen vehicles centralize pollutants at the site of the hydrogen production, where hydrogen is typically derived from reformed natural gas. Transporting and storing hydrogen may also create pollutants. Fuel cells have been used in various kinds of vehicles including forklifts, especially in indoor applications where their clean emissions are important to air quality, and in space applications. The first commercially produced hydrogen fuel cell automobile, the Hyundai ix35 FCEV, was introduced in 2013, the Toyota Mirai follo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Fuel Cell Vehicles
A fuel cell vehicle is a vehicle that uses a fuel cell to power an electric drive system. There are also hybrid vehicles meaning that they are fitted with a fuel cell and a battery or a fuel cell and an ultracapacitor. For HICEV see List of hydrogen internal combustion engine vehicles. For a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of fuel cell vehicles, see fuel cell vehicle. Cars Production Cars commercially available for sale or leasing. Demonstration fleets Cars for testing and pre-production. * 1999 - Lotus Engineering Black Cab * 2000 - Ford Focus FCV * 2001 - Hyundai Santa Fe FCEV * 2001 - GM HydroGen3 / Opel HydroGen3 * 2001 - Toyota FCHV-3 * 2002 - Nissan X-Trail FCHV * 2002 - Toyota FCHV-4 * 2004 - Audi A2H2 * 2004 - Mercedes-Benz A-Class F-Cell, powered by Ballard Power Systems * 2005 - BMW Hydrogen 7 * 2005 - Fiat Panda Hydrogen * 2005 - Mazda Premacy Hydrogen RE Hybrid * 2007 - Chevrolet Equinox Fuel Cell / GM HydroGen4 also known as Opel Hydro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berlin
Berlin ( , ) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. One of Germany's sixteen constituent states, Berlin is surrounded by the State of Brandenburg and contiguous with Potsdam, Brandenburg's capital. Berlin's urban area, which has a population of around 4.5 million, is the second most populous urban area in Germany after the Ruhr. The Berlin-Brandenburg capital region has around 6.2 million inhabitants and is Germany's third-largest metropolitan region after the Rhine-Ruhr and Rhine-Main regions. Berlin straddles the banks of the Spree, which flows into the Havel (a tributary of the Elbe) in the western borough of Spandau. Among the city's main topographical features are the many lakes in the western and southeastern boroughs formed by the Spree, Havel and Dahme, the largest of which is Lake Müggelsee. Due to its l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clean Energy Partnership
Clean Energy Partnership (CEP) is a joint project for world's most versatile hydrogen demonstration. It is aiming for emission-free mobility and has several hydrogen stations. As of May 2010 the CEP is a consortium of thirteen partners: Berliner Verkehrsbetriebe BVG (Berlin transit authority), BMW, Daimler, Ford, GM/Opel, Hamburger Hochbahn (Hamburg transit company), Linde Group, Royal Dutch Shell, Statoil, Total, Toyota, Vattenfall Europe, and Volkswagen Group. Milestones *In November 2004 the first hydrogen station was opened in Messedamn, Berlin, Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe .... *On July 13, 2006 Volkswagen Group joined the partnership. In September, 2009 seven members of the Clean Energy Partnership signed a Memorandum of Understanding with NOW ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydrogen
Hydrogen is the chemical element with the symbol H and atomic number 1. Hydrogen is the lightest element. At standard conditions hydrogen is a gas of diatomic molecules having the formula . It is colorless, odorless, tasteless, non-toxic, and highly combustible. Hydrogen is the most abundant chemical substance in the universe, constituting roughly 75% of all normal matter.However, most of the universe's mass is not in the form of baryons or chemical elements. See dark matter and dark energy. Stars such as the Sun are mainly composed of hydrogen in the plasma state. Most of the hydrogen on Earth exists in molecular forms such as water and organic compounds. For the most common isotope of hydrogen (symbol 1H) each atom has one proton, one electron, and no neutrons. In the early universe, the formation of protons, the nuclei of hydrogen, occurred during the first second after the Big Bang. The emergence of neutral hydrogen atoms throughout the universe occurred about 370,000 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pounds Per Square Inch
The pound per square inch or, more accurately, pound-force per square inch (symbol: lbf/in2; abbreviation: psi) is a unit of pressure or of stress based on avoirdupois units. It is the pressure resulting from a force of one pound-force applied to an area of one square inch. In SI units, 1 psi is approximately equal to 6895 Pa. Pounds per square inch absolute (psia) is used to make it clear that the pressure is relative to a vacuum rather than the ambient atmospheric pressure. Since atmospheric pressure at sea level is around , this will be added to any pressure reading made in air at sea level. The converse is pounds per square inch gauge (psig), indicating that the pressure is relative to atmospheric pressure. For example, a bicycle tire pumped up to 65 psig in a local atmospheric pressure at sea level (14.7 psi) will have a pressure of 79.7 psia (14.7 psi + 65 psi). When gauge pressure is referenced to something other than ambient atmospheric pressure, then the u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
