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French Frigate Pourvoyeuse (1772)
The ''Pourvoyeuse'' was a 40-gun frigate of the French Navy, lead ship of her class. She is notable as one of the earliest attempts at building a frigate armed with 24-pounders on the artillery deck, rather than the 18-pounders typical of the day. Career Launched at Lorient in November 1772, ''Pourvoyeuse'' was completed during the following year. During the American Revolutionary War, she took part in the Indian campaign of the naval operations, notable in the Siege of Pondicherry. At the outbreak of the war, ''Pourvoyeuse'', under Captain Saint-Orens, constituted the brunt of the French naval forces at Pondicherry, along with the 64-gun , under Captain François-Jean-Baptiste l'Ollivier de Tronjoli, whose departure for France had been delayed in response to the British preparations for war. On 21 February 1779, under Captain de Tromelin,Unienville (2004), p.260. she captured the East Indiaman .Roche indicates 21 February 1778 for the date of the capture of the ''Os ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flag Of The Kingdom Of France (1814-1830)
A flag is a piece of fabric (most often rectangular or quadrilateral) with a distinctive design and colours. It is used as a symbol, a signalling device, or for decoration. The term ''flag'' is also used to refer to the graphic design employed, and flags have evolved into a general tool for rudimentary signalling and identification, especially in environments where communication is challenging (such as the maritime environment, where semaphore is used). Many flags fall into groups of similar designs called flag families. The study of flags is known as "vexillology" from the Latin , meaning "flag" or "banner". National flags are patriotic symbols with widely varied interpretations that often include strong military associations because of their original and ongoing use for that purpose. Flags are also used in messaging, advertising, or for decorative purposes. Some military units are called "flags" after their use of flags. A ''flag'' (Arabic: ) is equivalent to a brigade i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis-Bernard Saint-Orens
Louis-Bernard Saint-Orens (Saintonge, 1733 — Isle de France (Mauritius), 9 September 1780) was a French Navy officer. He notably captained the 40-gun frigate ''Pourvoyeuse'' at the outbreak of the Anglo-French War in 1778. Biography Saint-Orens joined the Navy as a Garde-Marine on 6 July 1750. He was promoted to Ensign on 11 October 1755, and to Lieutenant on 1 May 1763. In 1764, Saint-Orens was in command of the 16-gun corvette ''Isis''. She was part of a division bound for the Caribbean, along with the 32-gun frigate ''Danaé'', under Kearney. That same year, Admiral d'Estaing sent him to cover the Turks and Caicos Islands. In 1777, Saint-Orens served as a Lieutenant on the 32-gun frigate ''Dédaigneuse''. He was promoted to Captain on 4 May 1777, and that same year was given command of the heavy 40-gun frigate ''Pourvoyeuse'', at Rochefort. In 1778, Saint-Orens was stationed at Pondicherry with ''Pourvoyeuse'', along with the 64-gun ''Brillant'', under Tronjol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jacques Marie Boudin De Tromelin De La Nuguy
Jacques Marie Boudin de Tromelin, Chevalier de La NuguyAlternatively written Tromelin-Lanuguy or Lanuguy-Tromelin (Ploujean, 31 May 1751 — ''Norge'', 4 December 1798) was a French Navy officer. He served in the Indian Ocean under Suffren during the War of American Independence. Tromelin Island is named after him. Biography Born to Marie-Françoise Le Diouguel de Penanru and Jacques Boudin de Tromelin, Tromelin-Lanuguy joined the Navy as a Garde-Marine in Brest on 12 January 1766. He served in Bayonne and Saint-Malo. From 1 November 1767 to 27 January 1768, he served on the 32-gun frigate ''Sensible'', under Captain du Chaffault, for a cruise to the Caribbean. Sick, he was disembarked at Saint-Domingue and returned to Brest on a merchantman. He then served as first officer on the cutter ''Lézard'', under his older brother Tromelin-Launay, departing Lorient in October 1772 to arrive at Isle de France (Mauritius) in June 1773. He was promoted to Ensign on 1 October 1773. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Strait Of Malacca
The Strait of Malacca is a narrow stretch of water, 500 mi (800 km) long and from 40 to 155 mi (65–250 km) wide, between the Malay Peninsula (Peninsular Malaysia) to the northeast and the Indonesian island of Sumatra to the southwest, connecting the Andaman Sea (Indian Ocean) and the South China Sea (Pacific Ocean). As the main shipping channel between the Indian and Pacific oceans, it is one of the most important shipping lanes in the world. It is named after the Malacca Sultanate that ruled over the strait between 1400 and 1511, the center of administration of which was located in the modern-day state of Malacca, Malaysia. Extent The International Hydrographic Organization define the limits of the Strait of Malacca as follows: History Early traders from Arabia, Africa, Persia, and Southern India reached Kedah before arriving at Guangzhou. Kedah served as a western port on the Malay Peninsula. They traded glassware, camphor, cotton goods, brocades, ivory, sandalwood, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fluyt
A fluyt (archaic Dutch: ''fluijt'' "flute"; ) is a Dutch type of sailing vessel originally designed by the shipwrights of Hoorn as a dedicated cargo vessel. Originating in the Dutch Republic in the 16th century, the vessel was designed to facilitate transoceanic delivery with the maximum of space and crew efficiency. Unlike rivals, it was not built for conversion in wartime to a warship, so it was cheaper to build and carried twice the cargo, and could be handled by a smaller crew. Construction by specialized shipyards using new tools made it half the cost of rival ships. These factors combined to sharply lower the cost of transportation for Dutch merchants, giving them a major competitive advantage. The fluyt was a significant factor in the 17th-century rise of the Dutch seaborne empire. In 1670 the Dutch merchant marine totalled 568,000 tons of shipping—about half the European total. Ship design The standard fluyt design minimized or completely eliminated its armaments to max ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spar (sailing)
A spar is a pole of wood, metal or lightweight materials such as carbon fibre used in the rigging of a sailing vessel to carry or support its sail. These include yards, booms, and masts, which serve both to deploy sail and resist compressive and bending forces, as well as the bowsprit and spinnaker pole. In larger vessels during the age of sail, spare spars could be roped together to provide a temporary surface known as a "spar deck". These served as jury-rigged repairs for permanent decks, or as an additional platform under which to shelter goods or crew. The term was also informally applied to areas of the forecastle or quarterdeck where spare spars were stored by laying them flat against the existing decking. In the modern era the term has been used to describe the uppermost deck on flush deck Flush deck is a term in naval architecture. It can refer to any deck of a ship which is continuous from stem to stern. History The flush deck design originated with rice ships built ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malacca
Malacca ( ms, Melaka) is a state in Malaysia located in the southern region of the Malay Peninsula, next to the Strait of Malacca. Its capital is Malacca City, dubbed the Historic City, which has been listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 7 July 2008. The state is bordered by Negeri Sembilan to the north and west and Johor to the south. The exclave of Tanjung Tuan also borders Negeri Sembilan to the north. Its capital Malacca City is southeast of Malaysia's capital city Kuala Lumpur, northwest of Johor's largest city Johor Bahru and northwest of Johor's second largest city, Batu Pahat. Although it was the location of one of the earliest Malay sultanates, namely the Malacca Sultanate, the local monarchy was abolished when the Portuguese conquered it in 1511. The head of state is the ''Yang di-Pertua Negeri'' or Governor, rather than a Sultan. Malacca is noted for its unique history and it is one of the major tourist destinations in Malaysia. With a highly strategi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Negapatam (1782)
The Battle of Negapatam was the third in a series of battles fought between a British fleet, under Vice-Admiral Sir Edward Hughes, and a French fleet, under the Bailli de Suffren, off the coast of India during the American Revolutionary War. The battle was fought on 6 July 1782. Castex (2004), pp. 269–272 Though the battle was indecisive, Suffren was stopped in his goal by Hughes and withdrew to Cuddalore, while the British remained in control of Negapatam. Background France had entered the American Revolutionary War in 1778, and Britain declared war on the Dutch Republic in late 1780, after the Dutch refused to stop trading in military supplies with the French and the Americans. The British had rapidly gained control over most French and Dutch outposts in India when news of these events reached India, spawning the Second Anglo-Mysore War in the process. Negapatam was besieged and taken by Sir Hector Munro in November 1781. The French admiral the Bailli de Suffren was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean-Paul De Ruyter-Werfusé
Jean-Paul de Ruyter-Werfusé (Toulon, 1748 — 1810) was a French Navy officer. He notably captained the 40-gun frigate ''Pourvoyeuse'' and the 50-gun ''Petit Annibal'' in Suffren's squadron during the Anglo-French War. Biography Ruyter joined the Navy as a Garde-Marine on 12 November 1764. He was promoted to Lieutenant on 14 February in 1778. In 1778, Ruyter was third Lieutenant on the 64-gun ''Fantasque'', under Captain Suffren. ''Fantasque'' was part of the squadron under Admiral d'Estaing supporting the rebels in the War of American Independence. In 1780, Ruyter was captain of the 18-gun corvette ''Flèche'', in Toulon. He cruised on the coast of Italy. Ruyter departed Brest on 22 March 1781, as first officer of the 74-gun ''Héros'', flagship of a division under Captain Suffren bound for the Dutch Cape Colony and from there to Isle de France (Mauritius). He took part in the Battle of Porto Praya, where his conduct earned him the Cross of the Order of Saint Louis. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS Hannibal (1779)
HMS ''Hannibal'' was a 50-gun fourth rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, built by Adams of Bucklers Hard and launched on 26 December 1779. The captured ''Hannibal'' off Sumatra on 21 January 1782. British career In October 1781, off Cape of Good Hope, ''Hannibal'' encountered the French frigate ''Bellone'', escorting the transports ''Neker'' and ''Sévère''. She captured the transports and brought them to Saint Helena. On 7 December 1781, a French fleet under d'Orves sortied Isle de France, with 11 ships of the line, 3 frigates and 3 corvettes. On 19 January, the 64-gun ''Sévère'' detected HMS ''Hannibal'', under Captain Christy. D'Orves detached the 74-gun ''Héros'' and the 64-gun ''Artésien'', under Suffren, to investigate. Suffren closed in, making signals according to tables captured at Porto Praya on the East Indiaman ''Hinchinbrooke'', until ''Hannibal'' made signals that he was unable to answer. A chase ensued, and with the night Suffren abandoned ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas D'Estienne D'Orves
Jean-Baptiste Barthélémy Thomas, comte d’Orves (1727 — ''Orient'', off Madras,Present-day Chennai 9 February 1782Cunat, p.103 ) was a French Navy officer, who rose to have flag officer rank. Biography Thomas d'Estienne d'Orves was born to the Estienne Family, a noble house of Provence. Estienne d'Orves took part in the Battle of Ushant on 27 July 1778, captaining the 74-gun ''Actif''. In 1778, Estienne d'Orves was in command of the 80-gun ''Orient'', with the rank of captain. On 28 December, during the Anglo-French War, he departed Brest to reinforce the French colony of Isle de France.The present-day MauritiusCunat, p.73 When François-Jean-Baptiste l'Ollivier de Tronjoli, commander of the French forces in the Indian Ocean, was recalled to France, he transferred command to Estienne d'Orves.Cunat, p.83 Estienne d'Orves led his squadron off the Coromandel Coast, with little effect.Cunat, p.85Cunat, p.94 In April 1781, his health deteriorating, Estienne d'Orves gave ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Justin Bonaventure Morard De Galles
Justin-Bonaventure Morard de Galles (30 March 1741, Goncelin, Isère – 23 July 1809, Guéret) was a French navy officer and admiral. Family Morard was born to a noble family from Dauphiné whose origins stretched right back to the end of the 11th century. His father was an infantry captain, and his elder brother Charles Morard de La Bayette de Galles was a général de Division under the Revolution and the Directory. On 22 December 1783 he married Louise Marie Victoire Henriette Fayd'herbe de Maudave at Port-Louis, Mauritius. To this day there are many descendants of her siblings still living in Mauritius Biography Ancien Régime Morard began his naval career in 1757 on the brig ''Ecureuil'' and took part in many combats in the Mediterranean and the Americas as part of the Royal French Navy with the rank of garde de pavillon. He entered the service at the age of 11, in the gardes de la maison du roi. In 1765, the comte de Grasse was charged with clearing the Mediter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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