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Louis-Bernard Saint-Orens
Louis-Bernard Saint-Orens (Saintonge, 1733 — Isle de France (Mauritius), 9 September 1780) was a French Navy officer. He notably captained the 40-gun frigate ''Pourvoyeuse'' at the outbreak of the Anglo-French War in 1778. Biography Saint-Orens joined the Navy as a Garde-Marine on 6 July 1750. He was promoted to Ensign on 11 October 1755, and to Lieutenant on 1 May 1763. In 1764, Saint-Orens was in command of the 16-gun corvette ''Isis''. She was part of a division bound for the Caribbean, along with the 32-gun frigate ''Danaé'', under Kearney. That same year, Admiral d'Estaing sent him to cover the Turks and Caicos Islands. In 1777, Saint-Orens served as a Lieutenant on the 32-gun frigate ''Dédaigneuse''. He was promoted to Captain on 4 May 1777, and that same year was given command of the heavy 40-gun frigate ''Pourvoyeuse'', at Rochefort. In 1778, Saint-Orens was stationed at Pondicherry with ''Pourvoyeuse'', along with the 64-gun ''Brillant'', under Tronjol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
County Of Saintonge
The County of Saintonge (), historically spelled Xaintonge and Xainctonge, is a former province of France located on the west central Atlantic coast. The capital city was Saintes (Xaintes, Xainctes). Other principal towns include Saint-Jean-d'Angély, Jonzac, Frontenay-Rohan-Rohan, Royan, Marennes, Pons, and Barbezieux-Saint-Hilaire. Background The borders of the province shifted slightly through history. Some mapmakers, such as Nicolas Sanson (1650), Johannes Blaeu (1662), and Bernard Antoine Jaillot (1733), show the province extending into Cognac, traditionally part of Angoumois, and to the parishes of Braud-et-Saint-Louis and Étauliers, part of the Pays Gabay on the right bank of the Gironde River. In 1790, during the French Revolution, Saintonge became part of Charente-Inférieure, one of the 83 departments organized by the new government. This was renamed as Charente-Maritime in 1941, during World War II. Today, four-fifths of the historical Saintonge province is wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Ship Brillant (1774)
''Brillant'' was a 64-gun ''Solitaire''-class ship of the line of the French Navy. Career ''Brillant'' served in Suffren's campaign in the Indian Ocean, taking part in the Battle of Cuddalore. She was the main unit of the French force that drove away Commodore Vernon's squadron at the Siege of Pondicherry on 10 August 1779, and distinguished herself at the Battle of Sadras. She was present at the battles of Negapatam under Captain Armand de Saint-Félix. In July 1782, in the wake of the Battle of Negapatam, Suffren transferred Saint-Félix to ''Artésien'' and replaced him with Jean André de Pas de Beaulieu, of ''Bellone''. The frigate ''Pourvoyeuse'' had to give her mainmast to replace that of ''Brillant'', receiving herself that of ''Fortitude''. In the reshuffling of Suffren's captains in July, his nephew Pierrevert had been given command of ''Bellone'', but shortly afterwards Pierrevert was killed in the action of 12 August 1782. Consequently, Suffren returne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Osterley (1771 EIC Ship)
''Osterley'' was an East Indiaman launched on 9 October 1771 by Wells, Deptford. She made two voyages for the British East India Company (EIC) before the captured her on 21 February 1779 while she was on her third voyage. She then sailed for a few years as a French merchantman. Career 1st EIC voyage (1771–1773): Captain Francis Fortescue sailed from the Downs on 18 May 1772, bound for Bencoolen and China. ''Osterley'' reached Bencoolen on 18 May 1772, and arrived at Whampoa Anchorage on 1 August. Homeward bound, she crossed the Second Bar on 1 December, reached the Cape of Good Hope (the Cape) on 23 February 1783, St Helena on 13 March, and Ascension Island on 23 March, and arrived back at the Downs on 26 May. 2nd EIC voyage (1774–1776): Captain Fortescue sailed from the Downs on 26 December 1774, bound for St Helena and Bencoolen. ''Osterley'' reached St Helena on 11 March 1775 and Simon's Bay on 19 May before arriving at Bencoolen on 5 August. She then visited tw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Executive Officer (military)
An executive officer is a person who is principally responsible for leading all or part of an organization, although the exact nature of the role varies depending on the organization. In many militaries and police forces, an executive officer, or "XO", is the second-in-command, reporting to the commanding officer. The XO is typically responsible for the management of day-to-day activities, freeing the commander to concentrate on strategy and planning the unit's next move. Administrative law While there is no clear line between principal executive officers and inferior executive officers, principal officers are high-level officials in the executive branch of U.S. government such as department heads of independent agencies. In '' Humphrey's Executor v. United States'', 295 U.S. 602 (1935), the Court distinguished between executive officers and quasi-legislative or quasi-judicial officers by stating that the former serve at the pleasure of the president and may be removed at their ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Port-Louis
Port Louis (french: Port-Louis; mfe, label=Mauritian Creole, Polwi or , ) is the capital city of Mauritius. It is mainly located in the Port Louis District, with a small western part in the Black River District. Port Louis is the country's economic, cultural and political centre, and most populous city. It is administered by the Municipal City Council of Port Louis. According to the 2012 census conducted by Statistics Mauritius, the population was 147,066. History Port Louis was used as a harbour by the Dutch settlers from 1606, when they started to refer to the area as ''Harbour of Tortoises''. In 1736, under French government, it became the administrative centre of Mauritius and a major reprovisioning halt for French ships during their passage between Asia and Europe, around the Cape of Good Hope. The Port is named in honour of King Louis XV. During this period of French colonization, Mauritius was known as Ile de France. The French governor at that time, Bertrand-Françoi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cape Agulhas
Cape Agulhas (; pt, Cabo das Agulhas , "Cape of the Needles") is a rocky headland in Western Cape, South Africa. It is the geographic southern tip of the African continent and the beginning of the dividing line between the Atlantic and Indian Oceans according to the International Hydrographic Organization. Historically, the cape has been known to sailors as a major hazard on the traditional clipper route. It is sometimes regarded as one of the great capes. It was most commonly known in English as Cape L'Agulhas until the 20th century. The town of L'Agulhas is located near to the cape. Geography Cape Agulhas is located in the Overberg region, 170 kilometres (105 mi) southeast of Cape Town. The cape was named by Portuguese navigators, who called it ''Cabo das Agulhas''—Portuguese for "Cape of Needles"—after noticing that around the year 1500 the direction of magnetic north (and therefore the compass needle) coincided with true north in the region. The cape is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siege Of Pondicherry (1778)
The siege of Pondicherry was the first military action on the Indian subcontinent following the declaration of war between Great Britain and France in the American Revolutionary War. A British force besieged the French-controlled port of Pondicherry (now Puducherry) in August 1778, which capitulated after ten weeks of siege. Background Following the colonial victory at Saratoga in October 1777, France decided to declare war on Great Britain as an ally to the United States. Word first reached the French Indian colony of Pondicherry in July 1778 that France and Britain had recalled their ambassadors, a sign that war was imminent. The British colonies had already received orders to seize the French possessions in India and begun military preparations. French defenses Pondicherry was the capital of French India and the largest of France's possessions on the subcontinent. The British would capture all of the other possessions without resistance in 1778; only Pondicherry was ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Corvette Lawriston (1778)
''Lawriston'' was a 22-gun corvette of the French Navy. Career Originally a ship of the French East India Company, ''Lawriston'' was brought into service in the French Navy. She took part in the Siege of Pondicherry in 1778. She was returned to merchant service in June 1781 at Île de France but again requisitioned in December 1781. HMS ''Isis''Cunat, p.110 captured her on 16 February 1782, during the prelude of the Battle of Sadras The Battle of Sadras was the first of five largely indecisive naval battles fought between a British fleet (under Admiral Sir Edward Hughes) and a French fleet (under Admiral Pierre Suffren) off the east coast of India during the Anglo-French .... ''Lawriston'' was carrying a large part of the field artillery for the French army in the Indian Ocean, as well as two companies of the Légion de Lauzun. Her captain had decided to pray on small merchantmen, and failed to escape in time when the British appeared.Cunat, p.121 Citations Referen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Frigate Brisson (1767)
''Brisson'' was a 22-gun corvette of the French Navy. Career ''Brisson'' was built as a fluyt for the Mississippi Company The Mississippi Company (french: Compagnie du Mississippi; founded 1684, named the Company of the West from 1717, and the Company of the Indies from 1719) was a corporation holding a business monopoly in French colonies in North America and th .... She became property of the Crown on 8 December 1769 with the liquidation of the Company, and commissioned as a light frigate. She was sold to the commerce circa September 1771. She returned to the service of the Crown when the French requisitioned in July 1778 for the defence of Pondicherry. She was captured by the British at Pondicherry in September 1778. Notes, citations, and references Notes Citations References * * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Brisson (1767) Frigates of the French Navy 1767 ships ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS Sartine (1778)
HMS ''Sartine'' was a French merchant vessel from Bordeaux. The French Navy pressed her into service on 3 August 1778 to assist in the defense of Pondichéry. The British captured her during the Siege of Pondicherry (1778), and took her into service under her existing name. HMS ''Sartine'' foundered in action off Calicut in November 1780. Career In 1775 the shipowner Jacques-Alexandre Laffon de Ladebat (1719–97) decided to finance an expedition to the East Indies in order to take advantage of the opportunity presented by a relaxation of the monopoly on the trade hitherto awarded to the French East India Company at Lorient. He commissioned the construction of a vessel in 1775, the ''Sartine'' which left France on 19 September 1776 with instructions to sell her cargo on the Malabar coast, pick up a cargo for China, there pick up a cargo of silks and other textiles for France, and return in 1778. ''Sartine'' reached Colombo on 2 February 1777. From there she sailed to Cochin, Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
François-Jean-Baptiste L'Ollivier De Tronjoli
François-Jean-Baptiste l'Ollivier de Tronjoli was a French Navy officer. Biography In 1763, Tronjoli commanded the frigate ''Licorne'', cruising off Newfoundland and Saint-Pierre, before returning to Brest. The year after, he was again at Newfoundland with ''Licorne'' and ''Amphion'', supporting fishing. In 1767, he was again supporting fishing off Newfoundland, this time captaining the 32-gun frigate ''Inconstante'', and in 1768 again with ''Enjouée''. In 1768, he commanded the 32-gun frigate ''Enjouée'' and sailed from Newfoundland to Morocco to test marine chronometers by Pierre Le Roy and John Harrison one against the other, as part of the quest for an accurate measurement of longitude. The tests showed that Le Roy's chronometer did not perform better than Harrison's. In 1770, Tronjoli was tasked with ferrying troops between Martinique and France, with the 64-gun ''Union'' and the fluyt ''Seine''. In 1771, he commanded ''Union'' for a cruise to the Cape of G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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