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Füssen-Plansee Work Camp
The Füssen-Plansee work camp was a work camp that was attached to the Dachau concentration camp during World War II. It was situated in the Forelle Hotel, on the banks of the Plansee, an Austrian lake near the border of Bavaria. The occupants were principally government leaders (military, politicians, bureaucrats), imprisoned in early 1943 and released in 1945. At least two beds were placed in each room and the facility was partially heated. The ''personnalités-otages'' - ''hostage persons'' had a library that was provided by the Red Cross. List of detainees Source: * Louis Bailly (1886-1967), Brigadier general; * Léopold François Roger Basteau (1895-1986), Brigadier general; * Wilfrid Baumgartner, CEO of ''Crédit national'' (1936-1949); * Pierre Cueff, Major general commanding the 13th division in Clermont-Ferrand, appointed in 1943 regional commissioner for the release of prisoners of war in Rennes; * Louis Delegue (1878-1971), Brigadier general; * Marcel Diebolt, prefe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nazi Concentration Camps
From 1933 to 1945, Nazi Germany operated more than a thousand concentration camps, (officially) or (more commonly). The Nazi concentration camps are distinguished from other types of Nazi camps such as forced-labor camps, as well as concentration camps operated by Germany's allies. on its own territory and in parts of German-occupied Europe. The first camps were established in March 1933 immediately after Adolf Hitler became Chancellor of Germany. Following the 1934 purge of the SA, the concentration camps were run exclusively by the SS via the Concentration Camps Inspectorate and later the SS Main Economic and Administrative Office. Initially, most prisoners were members of the Communist Party of Germany, but as time went on different groups were arrested, including "habitual criminals", "asocials", and Jews. After the beginning of World War II, people from German-occupied Europe were imprisoned in the concentration camps. Following Allied military victories, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis-Eugène Faucher
Louis Eugene Faucher (8 October 1874 – 30 March 1964) was a French general. Faucher was a graduate of École Polytechnique, and his abilities earned him a professorship of general tactics and engineering at the School of Applied Artillery in Fontainebleau, a position he held from 1901 to 1905. He joined the war college at the ''École Militaire'' and from 1910 and 1914 pursued a career in Central Administration at the Ministry of Defense. During the Interwar period he was head of the French military mission in Czechoslovakia from 1926 to 1938. After the Franco-British ultimatum to the Czechoslovak government, he presented his resignation to the French government on 23 September 1938, but remained in Czechoslovakia. During World War II, Faucher was head of Region B (Southwest) of the '' Armée secrète'', and was arrested by the Gestapo The (), abbreviated Gestapo (; ), was the official secret police of Nazi Germany and in German-occupied Europe. The force was create ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean Ybarnégaray
Michel Albert Jean Joseph Ybarn̩garay (; 16 October 1883 Р25 April 1956) was a French Basque politician and founder of the International Federation of Basque Pelota. Jean Ybarnegaray was born in Uhart-Cize, Department of Pyr̩n̩es-Atlantiques, then called ''Basses Pyr̩n̩es'', in the Northern Basque Country. He studied law at the Sorbonne and Bordeaux University and practised as a lawyer. He was elected to the Chamber of Deputies in April 1914. On the outbreak of the First World War, he was recalled to service. He was wounded and discharged from the army with the L̩gion d'honneur, returning to the Chamber of Deputies, where he criticised the Nivelle Offensive of 1917, the armistice of 1918 and the Treaty of Versailles. A member of the Republican Federation, Ybarnegaray joined the French Social Party of Fran̤ois de La Rocque in 1938. He served as Minister of State in Paul Reynaud's government from 10 May 1940. On arrival of refugees from the Basque (1937) and Catalan f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vichy France
Vichy France (french: Régime de Vichy; 10 July 1940 – 9 August 1944), officially the French State ('), was the fascist French state headed by Marshal Philippe Pétain during World War II. Officially independent, but with half of its territory occupied under harsh terms of the armistice, it adopted a policy of collaboration with Nazi Germany, which occupied the northern and western portions before occupying the remainder of Metropolitan France in November 1942. Though Paris was ostensibly its capital, the collaborationist Vichy government established itself in the resort town of Vichy in the unoccupied "Free Zone" (), where it remained responsible for the civil administration of France as well as its colonies. The Third French Republic had begun the war in September 1939 on the side of the Allies. On 10 May 1940, it was invaded by Nazi Germany. The German Army rapidly broke through the Allied lines by bypassing the highly fortified Maginot Line and invading through ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marshal Petain
Marshal is a term used in several official titles in various branches of society. As marshals became trusted members of the courts of Middle Ages, Medieval Europe, the title grew in reputation. During the last few centuries, it has been used for elevated offices, such as in military rank and civilian law enforcement. In most countries, the rank of Field marshal, Marshal is the highest Army rank (equivalent to a five-star General of the Army (United States), General of the Army in the United States). Etymology "Marshal" is an ancient loanword from Norman language, Norman French (cf. modern French ''maréchal''), which in turn is borrowed from Old Frankish *' (="stable boy, keeper, servant"), being still evident in Middle Dutch ''maerscalc'', ''marscal'', and in modern Dutch ''maarschalk'' (="military chief commander"; the meaning influenced by the French use). It is cognate with Old High German ' "id.", modern German ''(Feld-)Marschall'' (="military chief commander"; the mea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roger De Saivre
Roger de Saivre (1908-1964) was a French politician. A supporter of the Révolution nationale, he served as co- Cabinet Secretary to Marshal Philippe Pétain from 1941 to 1942. He was deported to the Dachau concentration camp for his vocal criticisms of the Nazi invaders in 1943. After liberation in 1945, he served as a member of the National Assembly, from 1951 to 1955 representing French Algeria. He was a proponent of the French Empire. Early life Roger de Saivre was born on May 14, 1908, in Paris.Jérôme CotillonL'Empire français dans la Révolution Nationale : l'exemple de la vision algérienne des entourages du maréchal Pétain (1940- 1942) ''Outre-mers'', 2004, vol. 91, issue 342-342, p. 43 He studied the Law and became a leader of the Jeunesses Patriotes by 1927. He edited their monthly newspaper, ''Les étudiants de France'', with a circulation of 10,000. He graduated from Sciences Po in 1931. Career He became the editor-in-chief of ''National'' in 1932. He was a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Émile Muselier
Émile Henry Muselier (Marseilles, 17 April 1882 – Toulon, 2 September 1965) was a French admiral who led the Free French Naval Forces ('' Forces navales françaises libres'', or FNFL) during World War II. He was responsible for the idea of distinguishing his fleet from that of Vichy France by adopting the Cross of Lorraine, which later became the emblem of all of the Free French. After entering the French Naval Academy (''École Navale'') in 1899, he embarked on a brilliant and eventful military career. He ran unsuccessfully in the legislative elections of 1946 as vice-president of the Rally of Republican Lefts (''Rassemblement des gauches républicaines'') and then entered private life as a consulting engineer before his retirement in 1960. He is buried in the cemetery of St. Pierre, at Marseilles. Early career Muselier's career started with a campaign in the Far East, several others in the Adriatic, one in Albania, which overlapped with a stay in Toulon. During World Wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Total S
Total may refer to: Mathematics * Total, the summation of a set of numbers * Total order, a partial order without incomparable pairs * Total relation, which may also mean ** connected relation (a binary relation in which any two elements are comparable). * Total function, a partial function that is also a total relation Business * TotalEnergies, a French petroleum company * Total (cereal), a food brand by General Mills * Total, a brand of strained yogurt made by Fage * Total, a database management system marketed by Cincom Systems * Total Linhas Aéreas - a brazilian airline * Total, a line of dental products by Colgate Music and culture * Total (group), an American R&B girl group * '' Total: From Joy Division to New Order'', a compilation album * ''Total'' (Sebastian album) * ''Total'' (Total album) * ''Total'' (Teenage Bottlerocket album) * ''Total'' (Seigmen album) * ''Total'' (Wanessa album) * ''Total'' (Belinda PeregrÃn album) * ''Total 1'', an annual compilation alb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henri Giraud
Henri Honoré Giraud (18 January 1879 – 11 March 1949) was a French general and a leader of the Free French Forces during the Second World War until he was forced to retire in 1944. Born to an Alsatian family in Paris, Giraud graduated from the Saint-Cyr military academy and served in French North Africa. He was wounded and captured by the Germans during the First World War, but managed to escape from his prisoner-of-war camp. During the interwar period, Giraud returned to North Africa and fought in the Rif War, for which he was awarded the ''Légion d'honneur''. Early in the Second World War, Giraud fought in the Netherlands. In May 1940, he was again captured by the Germans, but made another successful escape from captivity in April 1942 after two years of careful planning. From within Vichy France he worked with the Allies in secret, and assumed command of French troops in North Africa after Operation Torch (November 1942) following the assassination of François Darlan. I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georges Giraud
Georges Julien Giraud (22 July 1889 – 16 March 1943) was a French mathematician, working in potential theory, partial differential equations, singular integrals and singular integral equations: he is mainly known for his solution of the regular oblique derivative problem and also for his extension to –dimensional () singular integral equations of the concept of symbol of a singular integral, previously introduced by Solomon Mikhlin. Biography Honors The scientific work of Georges Giraud was widely acknowledged and earned him several prizes, mainly, but not exclusively, awarded him by the French Academy of Sciences: he was seven times recipient of academy prizes. In 1919, he was awarded the "Prix Francœur" for his work on the theory of automorphic functions:See the 22 December 1919 relation on the Prix Francœur in the "Comptes rendus". the members of the commission who examined his work and nominated him were Camille Jordan, Paul Appell, Marie Georges Humbert, Jacqu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre Laval
Pierre Jean Marie Laval (; 28 June 1883 – 15 October 1945) was a French politician. During the Third Republic, he served as Prime Minister of France from 27 January 1931 to 20 February 1932 and 7 June 1935 to 24 January 1936. He again occupied the post during the German occupation, from 18 April 1942 to 20 August 1944. A socialist early in his life, Laval became a lawyer in 1909 and was famous for his defence of strikers, trade unionists and leftists from government prosecution. In 1914, he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies as a member of the Socialist Party, and he remained committed to his pacifist convictions during the First World War. After his defeat in the 1919 election, Laval left the Socialist Party and became mayor of Aubervilliers. In 1924 he returned to the Chamber as an independent, and was elected to the Senate three years later. He also held a series of governmental positions, including Minister of Public Works, Minister of Justice and Minister of Labour ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Paris
, image_name = Coat of arms of the University of Paris.svg , image_size = 150px , caption = Coat of Arms , latin_name = Universitas magistrorum et scholarium Parisiensis , motto = ''Hic et ubique terrarum'' (Latin) , mottoeng = Here and anywhere on Earth , established = Founded: c. 1150Suppressed: 1793Faculties reestablished: 1806University reestablished: 1896Divided: 1970 , type = Corporative then public university , city = Paris , country = France , campus = Urban The University of Paris (french: link=no, Université de Paris), metonymically known as the Sorbonne (), was the leading university in Paris, France, active from 1150 to 1970, with the exception between 1793 and 1806 under the French Revolution. Emerging around 1150 as a corporation associated with the cathedral school of Notre Dame de Paris, it was considered the second-oldest university in Europe. Haskins, C. H.: ''The Rise of Universities'', Henry Holt and Company, 1923, p. 292. Officially chartered i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
