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French Ship Vaillant (1756)
''Vaillant'' was a 64-gun ship of the line of the French Navy, designed by Noël Pomet, and lead ship of her class. Career In 1772, she was under La Brizollière, and bound for Saint Domingue, along with ''Actionnaire'', ''Aurore'' and ''Sylphide''. The year after, she was at Toulon under Oppède. In 1777, she was under Chabert-Cogolin in Estaing's fleet. On 14 August 1778, along with ''Hector'', she captured the 8-gun bomb vessel HMS ''Thunder'' at Sandy Hook. She took part in the Battle of Grenada on 6 July 1779. She returned to Lorient that same year. In November, she was part of a division off Savannah, along with ''Zélé'' and ''Marseillais'', when the ships got separated. In 1780, Seillans took command of ''Vaillant''. The year after, she was under Bernard de Marigny Jean-Bernard Xavier Philippe de Marigny de Mandeville (1785–1868), known as Bernard de Marigny, was a French- Creole American nobleman, playboy, planter, politician, duelist, writer, horse b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sandy Hook
Sandy Hook is a barrier spit in Middletown Township, Monmouth County, New Jersey, United States. The barrier spit, approximately in length and varying from wide, is located at the north end of the Jersey Shore. It encloses the southern entrance of Lower New York Bay south of New York City, protecting it from the open waters of the Atlantic Ocean to the east. The Dutch called the area "Sant Hoek", with the English "Hook" deriving from the Dutch "Hoek" (corner, angle), meaning "spit of land". For over three centuries mariners tasked with guiding ships across the Sandy Hook bar have been known as Sandy Hook pilots. Most of Sandy Hook is owned and managed by the National Park Service as the Sandy Hook Unit of Gateway National Recreation Area. Description Geologically, Sandy Hook is a large sand spit or barrier spit, the extension of a barrier peninsula along the coast of New Jersey, separated from the mainland by the estuary of the Shrewsbury River. On its western side, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ships Of The Line Of The French Navy
A ship is a large watercraft that travels the world's oceans and other sufficiently deep waterways, carrying cargo or passengers, or in support of specialized missions, such as defense, research, and fishing. Ships are generally distinguished from boats, based on size, shape, load capacity, and purpose. Ships have supported exploration, trade, warfare, migration, colonization, and science. After the 15th century, new crops that had come from and to the Americas via the European seafarers significantly contributed to world population growth. Ship transport is responsible for the largest portion of world commerce. The word ''ship'' has meant, depending on the era and the context, either just a large vessel or specifically a ship-rigged sailing ship with three or more masts, each of which is square-rigged. As of 2016, there were more than 49,000 merchant ships, totaling almost 1.8 billion dead weight tons. Of these 28% were oil tankers, 43% were bulk carriers, and 13% were co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antoine-Stanislas De Curières De Castelnau Saint-Cosme Sainte-Eulalie
Antoine-Stanislas de Curières de Castelnau Saint-Cosme Sainte-Eulalie (Saint-Cosme, Aveyron, 1740 — Lyon, September 1783) was a French Navy officer. He served in the War of American Independence, and became a member of the Society of the Cincinnati. Biography Sainte-Eulalie joined the Navy as a Garde-Marine in 1755. He took part in the Battle of Minorca on 20 May 1756. He took part in the Larache expedition in 1765 under Du Chaffault, where he was gravely wounded and earned a promotion to Lieutenant for his conduct. In 1777, he captained the 18-gun corvette ''Flèche''. The year after, he transferred to the 26-gun frigate ''Aimable'', part of the squadron under Vice-amiral d'Estaing. He took part in the Battle of Rhode Island on 29 August 1778, in the Battle of St. Lucia on 15 December 1778, and in the Battle of Grenada on 6 July 1779, where he was wounded. Sainte-Eulalie was then given command of the 32-gun frigate ''Railleuse'', on which he took part in the Battl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Augustin Etienne Gaspard Bernard De Marigny
Charles Louis de Bernard de Marigny (— ''César'' during the Battle of the Saintes, on 12 April 1782) was a French Navy officer. He served in the War of American Independence. Biography Bernard de Marigny joined the Navy as a Garde-Marine on 22 June 1756. His younger brother, Charles de Bernard de Marigny, also served in the Navy and rose to vice admiral. He was promoted to Lieutenant on 27 November 1765, and to Lieutenant-colonel in 1777. In 1778, he was in command of the 32-gun frigate ''Fortunée''. He rose to Captain on 13 March 1779. After ''Fortunée'' was captured, Marigny was given command of the 64-gun ''Vaillant'', which he captained at the Battle of Fort Royal on 29 April 1781, and later of ''Réfléchi''. On 17 July 1781, he took command of the 64-gun ''Actionnaire''. He captained the 74-gun ''César'' during the Battle of the Saintes The Battle of the Saintes (known to the French as the Bataille de la Dominique), also known as the Battle of Domin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Ship Vengeur Du Peuple
''Vengeur du Peuple'' ("Avenger of the People") was a 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy. Funded by a ''don des vaisseaux'' donation from the chamber of commerce of Marseille, she was launched in 1762 as ''Marseillois''.The name is sometimes written ''Marseillais'', which is the modern orthography. SeThe dictionary of French naval fighting ships - General remarks for details. She took part in the naval operations in the American Revolutionary War in Admiral Charles Hector, comte d'Estaing, d'Estaing's squadron, duelling ''HMS Preston (1757), Preston'' in a single-ship action on 11 August 1778, taking part in the Battle of the Chesapeake where she duelled HMS Intrepid (1770), HMS ''Intrepid'', and supporting the flagship ''French ship Ville de Paris (1764), Ville de Paris'' at the Battle of the Saintes. She also took part in the Battle of Saint Kitts. After the French Revolution, she was renamed ''Vengeur du Peuple''The name is often shortened to ''Vengeur''. See French ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Ship Zélé (1763)
The ''Zélé'' was a 74-gun ship of the line of the French Royal Navy. She was funded by a ''don des vaisseaux'' donation from the ''Régisseur général des finances''. Career On 6 July 1779, she participated in the Battle of Grenada as a member of the Vanguard. Under Bruyères-Chalabre, she was part of the French blockade during Siege of Savannah in 1779. In 1781 and 1782, was part of de Grasse's fleet in the naval operations in the American Revolutionary War. She took part in the Invasion of Tobago in May 1781 and in the Battle of the Chesapeake on 5 September 1781. under Charles-René de Gras-Préville Charles-René de Gras-Préville (Tarascon, 1732 — Lyon, 11 December 1793) was a French Navy officer. He served in the War of American Independence, earning membership in the Society of the Cincinnati. Biography Gras-Préville was born t .... In the night of 11 to 12 April 1782, ''Zélé'' collided with ''Ville de Paris'', damaging ''Zélé'' which had to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Grenada
The Battle of Grenada took place on 6 July 1779 during the American Revolutionary War in the West Indies between the British Royal Navy and the French Navy, just off the coast of Grenada. The British fleet of Admiral John Byron (the grandfather of Lord Byron) had sailed in an attempt to relieve Grenada, which the French forces of the Comte D'Estaing had just captured. Incorrectly believing he had numerical superiority, Byron ordered a general chase to attack the French as they left their anchorage at Grenada. Because of the disorganized attack and the French superiority, the British fleet was badly mauled in the encounter, although no ships were lost on either side. Naval historian Alfred Thayer Mahan described the British loss as "the most disastrous ... that the British Navy had encountered since Beachy Head, in 1690." Background Following the entry of France into the American War of Independence as an American ally in early 1778, French Admiral the Comte D'Estaing arr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS Thunder (1771)
__NOTOC__ Ten ships of the Royal Navy have been called HMS ''Thunder'', while an eleventh was planned but never built: * was a 5-gun bomb vessel launched in 1695. She was captured by a French privateer in 1696. * was a 6-gun bomb vessel captured from the Spanish in 1720 and broken up in 1734. * was an 8-gun bomb vessel launched in 1740. She foundered in a hurricane in 1744. * was an 8-gun bomb vessel launched in 1759 and sold in 1774. She was almost completely rebuilt in 1775 and became the mercantile vessel ''Hawke'', of 320 tons (bm). In 1783 she was listed in ''Lloyd's Register'' with master M. Scott, owner E. Hoskins, trade London-Greenland fisheries, and armament of 4 x 9-pounder and 10 x 6-pounder guns. * HMS ''Thunder'' was an 18-gun bomb vessel, previously . She was captured by the French 64-gun in August 1778 near Rhode Island. The French then destroyed her. * was an 8-gun bomb vessel launched in 1779. She foundered in 1781. * was an 8-gun bomb vessel, previously t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
64-gun
The 64-gun ship of the line was a type of two-decker warship defined during the 18th century, named after the number of their guns. 64-guns had a lower battery of 24-pounders, and an upper battery of 12-pounders. Heavier variants with 18-pounder on the upper deck also existed. History The French Navy used "64-gun" as a typology for its ships. In the British Royal Navy, such lighter two-deckers were considered to be Third-rates, like 74-guns and 80-guns. During the reign of Louis XIV, numerous ships carried 60 or 62 guns, with a lower battery pierced for 12 guns on each side. During the reign of Louis XV, standardisation efforts were undertaken to rationalise the design and construction of these ships, with a common armament of 24-pounder, 12-pounder and 8-pounder long guns. The first 64-gun in this sense was ''Borée'', launched in 1734 and pierced with 13 gun ports on each side of her lower battery. The British started copying these ships from 1764 with HMS ''Asia'', and als ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Ship Hector (1755)
''Hector'' was a 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy, lead ship of her class. ''Hector'' was launched in 1755 and fought in the American Revolutionary War during which she captured two ships of the British Royal Navy on 14 August 1778. In 1782, the ship was captured by the Royal Navy at the Battle of the Saintes in 1782. Taken into service by the Royal Navy, the vessel was renamed HMS ''Hector''. On 5 September 1782. HMS ''Hector'' fought two French frigates. Severely damaged during the battle, and by a hurricane that followed later in September, ''Hector'' sank on 4 October 1782. Career French service ''Hector'' was launched on 23 July 1755, and commissioned under Captain Vilarzel d'Hélie. In 1757, the vessel departed Toulon on 18 March, arriving in Louisbourg on 15 June. Returning to Brest on 23 November with 5,000 sick aboard, she spread typhus to the town; [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Henri Hector D'Estaing
Jean Baptiste Charles Henri Hector, comte d'Estaing (24 November 1729 – 28 April 1794) was a French general and admiral. He began his service as a soldier in the War of the Austrian Succession, briefly spending time as a prisoner of war of the British during the Seven Years' War. Naval exploits during the latter war prompted him to change branches of service, and he transferred to the French Navy. Following France's entry into the American War of Independence in 1778, d'Estaing led a fleet to aid the American rebels. He participated in a failed Franco-American siege of Newport, Rhode Island in 1778 and the equally unsuccessful 1779 Siege of Savannah. He did have success in the Caribbean before returning to France in 1780. His difficulties working with American counterparts are cited among the reasons these operations in North America failed. Although d'Estaing sympathized with revolutionaries during the French Revolution, he held a personal loyalty to the French royal family. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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