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Fountain Archive
The ''Fountain Archive'' (also called ''The Fountain Archives'' or ''Fountain Archive Project'') is a processual art project of the French conceptual artist Saâdane Afif which started in 2008/ 2009. The project includes an ongoing series of framed pages which contain one or several reproductions of the work ''Fountain'' by Marcel Duchamp. Here Afif uses the concept of the Objet trouvés (found object) and tears off the pages from different publications. For each publication and pages Afif normally makes only one piece for the ''Fountain Archives'', which is created as a work of art. The ''Fountain Archive'' also includes a bookshelf which stores all used publications of the project. Origin and description In 2008 Saâdane Afif started to collect publications which contain reproductions of the work ''Fountain'' (1917) by Marcel Duchamp. After he was distinguished with the Marcel Duchamp Prize in 2009, Afif began the ''Fountain Archive''. At present the ''Fountain Archive'' cont ...
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Saâdane Afif
Saâdane Afif (born 1970 in Vendôme, Loir-et-Cher Département, France) is a French conceptual artist. Life and career Saâdane Afif graduated from the School of Fine Arts in Bourges and later received his 1998 postgraduate degree from the School of Fine Arts in Nantesat (École des Beaux Arts). In 2001, he was in residence at the "Villa Arson" International Art School of Nice (France); in 2002, he was in residence at the Villa Médicis in Glasgow (Scotland). In 2003, he moved to Berlin, where he currently lives and works. Afif's work has been exhibited at many venues, including the Museum Folkwang ( Essen, Germany) in 2004. In 2006, he was awarded the International Prize for Contemporary Art of the Fondation Prince Pierre de Monaco at the Centre Pompidou in Paris. In 2009, he received the Marcel Duchamp Prize; as a result of winning this prize, he presented his artwork in the exhibition "Anthology of black humour" at Space 315, Centre Pompidou, Paris from September 2010 unt ...
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Fountain (Duchamp)
''Fountain'' is a readymade sculpture by Marcel Duchamp in 1917, consisting of a porcelain urinal signed "R. Mutt". In April 1917, an ordinary piece of plumbing chosen by Duchamp was submitted for an exhibition of the Society of Independent Artists, the inaugural exhibition by the Society to be staged at The Grand Central Palace in New York. When explaining the purpose of his readymade sculpture, Duchamp stated they are "everyday objects raised to the dignity of a work of art by the artist's act of choice." In Duchamp's presentation, the urinal's orientation was altered from its usual positioning.Gavin Parkinson, ''The Duchamp Book: Tate Essential Artists Series''
Harry N. Abrams, 2008, p. 61,

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Marcel Duchamp
Henri-Robert-Marcel Duchamp (, , ; 28 July 1887 – 2 October 1968) was a French painter, sculptor, chess player, and writer whose work is associated with Cubism, Dada, and conceptual art. Duchamp is commonly regarded, along with Pablo Picasso and Henri Matisse, as one of the three artists who helped to define the revolutionary developments in the plastic arts in the opening decades of the 20th century, responsible for significant developments in painting and sculpture. Duchamp has had an immense impact on twentieth-century and twenty first-century art, and he had a seminal influence on the development of conceptual art. By the time of World War I he had rejected the work of many of his fellow artists (such as Henri Matisse) as "retinal" art, intended only to please the eye. Instead, Duchamp wanted to use art to serve the mind. Early life and education Marcel Duchamp was born at Blainville-Crevon in Normandy, France, to Eugène Duchamp and Lucie Duchamp (formerly Lucie Nicolle) ...
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Marcel Duchamp, 1917, Fountain, Photograph By Alfred Stieglitz
Marcel may refer to: People * Marcel (given name), people with the given name Marcel * Marcel (footballer, born August 1981), Marcel Silva Andrade, Brazilian midfielder * Marcel (footballer, born November 1981), Marcel Augusto Ortolan, Brazilian striker * Marcel (footballer, born 1983), Marcel Silva Cardoso, Brazilian left back * Marcel (footballer, born 1992), Marcel Henrique Garcia Alves Pereira, Brazilian midfielder * Marcel (singer), American country music singer * Étienne Marcel (died 1358), provost of merchants of Paris * Gabriel Marcel (1889–1973), French philosopher, Christian existentialist and playwright * Jean Marcel (died 1980), Madagascan Anglican bishop * Jean-Jacques Marcel (1931–2014), French football player * Rosie Marcel (born 1977), English actor * Sylvain Marcel (born 1974), Canadian actor * Terry Marcel (born 1942), British film director * Claude Marcel (1793-1876), French diplomat and applied linguist Other uses * Marcel (''Friends''), a fictional monke ...
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Mise En Abyme
In Western art history, ''mise en abyme'' (; also ''mise en abîme'') is a formal technique of placing a copy of an image within itself, often in a way that suggests an infinitely recurring sequence. In film theory and literary theory, it refers to the technique of inserting a story within a story. The term is derived from heraldry and literally means "placed into abyss". It was first appropriated for modern criticism by the French author André Gide. A common sense of the phrase is the visual experience of standing between two mirrors, seeing as a result an infinite reproduction of one's image. Another is the Droste effect, in which a picture appears within itself, in a place where a similar picture would realistically be expected to appear. That is named after the 1904 Droste cocoa package, which depicts a woman holding a tray bearing a Droste cocoa package, which bears a smaller version of her image. Heraldry In the terminology of heraldry, the ''abyme'' or ''abisme'' is the ...
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