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Fort Virguenco
Fort Virhuenco was a Spanish fort located in what is now AraucanÃa Region of southern Chile. It was first established by Alonso de Ribera in 1613 as part of his system of frontier forts. It was located in the valley of Virhuén southeast of the city of Angol and in the upper part of the Rehue River near the western part the region of Quechereguas where the high mountains begin. Later it was abandoned or destroyed. Again in 1665 Governor Francisco de Meneses Brito erected there fort San Carlos, which, the Mapuches took and killed all the garrison on May 20, 1667.According to Don José Basilio de Rojas y Fuentes, Apuntes de lo acaecido en la conquista do Chile, desde sus principios hasta el año de 1672. The name of ''Virhuén'' and also that of ''Virhuenco'' are alterations of the Mapudungun ''virquen'' or ''virquyn'' that means "cold earth". References Sources * Francisco Solano Asta Buruaga y Cienfuegos Francisco Solano Asta-Buruaga y Cienfuegos (July 21, 1817 – J ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
AraucanÃa Region
The AraucanÃa ( ), La AraucanÃa Region ( es, Región de La AraucanÃa ) is one of Chile's 16 first-order administrative divisions, and comprises two provinces: Malleco in the north and CautÃn in the south. Its capital and largest city is Temuco; other important cities include Angol and Villarrica. Chile did not incorporate the lands of the AraucanÃa Region until the 1880s, when it occupied the area to end resistance by the indigenous Mapuche by both military and political means. This opened up the area for Chilean and European immigration and settlement. In the 1900–1930 period, the population of AraucanÃa grew considerably, as did the economy despite recessions striking the rest of Chile. AraucanÃa became one of the principal agricultural districts of Chile, gaining the nickname of "granary of Chile". The administrative AraucanÃa Region was established in 1974, in what was the core of the larger historic region of AraucanÃa. In the 21st century, AraucanÃa is Ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chile
Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in the western part of South America. It is the southernmost country in the world, and the closest to Antarctica, occupying a long and narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Chile covers an area of , with a population of 17.5 million as of 2017. It shares land borders with Peru to the north, Bolivia to the north-east, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far south. Chile also controls the Pacific islands of Juan Fernández, Isla Salas y Gómez, Desventuradas, and Easter Island in Oceania. It also claims about of Antarctica under the Chilean Antarctic Territory. The country's capital and largest city is Santiago, and its national language is Spanish. Spain conquered and colonized the region in the mid-16th century, replacing Inca rule, but failing to conquer the independent Mapuche who inhabited what is now south-central Chile. In 1818, after declaring in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alonso De Ribera
Alonso de Ribera y Zambrano (; 1560 – March 9, 1617) was a Spanish soldier and twice Spanish royal governor of Chile (1601–1605 and 1612–1617). Early life Born in Úbeda, he was the illegitimate son of Hidalgo and Captain Jorge de Ribera Zambrana y Dávalos, who claimed descent from the kings of Aragon. After studying mathematics, Ribera joined the Spanish army in Flanders. It was the beginning of a long and successful military career. He fought in various battles in France with Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma. In addition, he was part of the Spanish Armada of 1588, and one of the followers of Cardinal Archduke Alberto, governor of the Netherlands. His distinguished military service came to the attention of King Philip III. In 1599, the king named him governor and captain general of Chile, positions that he occupied from 1601 to 1605 and again from 1612 to 1617. First royal government of Chile The 1598 Disaster of Curalaba, in which the Spanish governor of Chile, Martà ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
La Frontera (geographical Region)
La Frontera is a name used in Chile to refer to the region around the BÃo BÃo River, or to the whole area between there and the Toltén River. The use of this latter definition is largely coterminous with the AraucanÃa (historic region), historical usage of AraucanÃa. The term was coined during the period when the region was the frontier of the Captaincy General of Chile, then a part of the Spanish Empire and later the Republic of Chile, with the Mapuche people inhabiting the AraucanÃa following their Arauco War#Third Great Mapuche Rebellion (1598), revolt in 1598. Subsequently, the Spanish Empire established a system of forts between the BÃo BÃo River and the Itata River, as well as some within the AraucanÃa. This system continued through the 18th century and into the 19th century. Forts and settlements of La Frontera The first fortress rebuilt following the 1599 destruction of the forts in Catirai and its city Santa Cruz de Coya, the cities of Valdivia, Chile, Santa Marà ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Angol
Angol is a commune and capital city of the Malleco Province in the AraucanÃa Region of southern Chile. It is located at the foot of the Nahuelbuta Range and next to the Vergara River, that permitted communications by small boats to the BÃo-BÃo River and Concepción. This strategic position explains the successive foundations of this city during the Arauco War. It was first founded in 1553 as a "conquistador" fort of ''Confines'', the fort was later destroyed and rebuilt several times and it was not until the Pacification of Araucania in the late 19th century that it was rebuilt with the name of Angol. The city has a current population of approximately 53,000. Within the electoral divisions of Chile, it belongs to the 48th electoral district and the 14th senatorial circumscription. History Modern Angol was first founded in 1553 as the conquistador fort of ''Los Confines'' by Pedro de Valdivia, the fort was later that year abandoned and destroyed by the Mapuche after the Bat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rehue River(Bio Bio)
A rehue (Mapudungun spelling rewe) or kemukemu is a type of pillar-like sacred altar used by the Mapuche of Chile in many of their ceremonies. Altar/Axis mundi The ''rehue'' is a carved tree trunk set in the ground, surrounded by a hedge of colihue (a Chilean native bamboo) and adorned with white, blue or yellow flags and branches of coihue, maitén, lengas and other trees native to the Mapuche homeland. In form it recalls both a ladder and the human spine, having a series of steps (sometimes a mystical seven in number) cut into it, rising up from the earth toward a summit sometimes bearing a carving of a human face. It is a Mapuche representation of the axis mundi or shamanic world tree symbolising connection with the various levels of the cosmos and utilised as such by the machi (Mapuche shamans). The rehue is a symbol of great importance that is used in important celebrations or ceremonies like the Machitún, Guillatún, We Tripantu (Mapuche New Year) and others. Sh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quechereguas
Quechereguas is a Chilean village located in Molina, Chile, Molina, Talca Province, Maule Region. It is bordered by the Lontué River. Quechereguas was described by Francisco Solano Asta-Buruaga y Cienfuegos in his book ''Diccionario Geográfico de la República de Chile'' in 1899 as being "notable for the battle which occurred on 8 April 1814 between royalists and patriots during the Independence War [of Chile]." The battle in question is known as the Battle of Quechereguas (1814), Battle of Quechereguas. A similar Battle of Quechereguas (1818), battle occurred on 15 March 1818. ''Quechereguas'' comes from the Mapudungun words ''quechu'' and ''rehue'', meaning together "five districts or portions of Indians [Mapuches]." References Populated places in Talca Province {{Maule-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francisco De Meneses Brito
Francisco de Meneses Brito (died 1672) was Royal Governor of Chile between 1664 and 1667. Biography Born in Cádiz in 1615, was the son of Alonso de Meneses and Catalina Corbalán de Castilla. His wife was Catalina Bravo, daughter of Francisco Bravo de Saravia Ovalle Francisco Bravo de Saravia Ovalle (1628–1703) was a Spanish nobleman, 1st Marquess of la Pica and Lord of Almenar. Biography Born in Santiago Santiago (, ; ), also known as Santiago de Chile, is the capital and largest city of Chile as ... ( 1st Marquess of la Pica) and Marcela Henestrosa Sáenz de Mena. Sources * 1672 deaths Royal Governors of Chile Captaincy General of Chile Spanish generals Spanish military personnel 17th-century Spanish people Year of birth unknown 1615 births {{Chile-mil-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Claudio Gay
Claude Gay, often named Claudio Gay in Spanish texts, (March 18, 1800 – November 29, 1873), was a French botanist, naturalist and illustrator. This explorer carried out some of the first investigations about Chilean flora, fauna, geology and geography. The ''Cordillera Claudio Gay'' in the Atacama Region of Chile is named after him. He founded the Chilean National Museum of Natural History, its first director was another Frenchman Jean-François Dauxion-Lavaysse. Research and travels He first went to Paris to study medicine, but he quickly abandoned this idea to become a researcher in natural history. In 1828, he went to Chile to teach physics and natural history at a college in Santiago. In 1829, he accepted a position as a researcher for the Chilean government to carry out a scientific survey of the country. He returned to France in 1832, and gave his collections to the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle in Paris. He returned to Chile in 1834 and explored the country ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mapuche
The Mapuche ( (Mapuche & Spanish: )) are a group of indigenous inhabitants of south-central Chile and southwestern Argentina, including parts of Patagonia. The collective term refers to a wide-ranging ethnicity composed of various groups who shared a common social, religious, and economic structure, as well as a common linguistic heritage as Mapudungun speakers. Their habitat once extended from Aconcagua Valley to Chiloé Archipelago and later spread eastward to Puelmapu, a land comprising part of the Argentine pampa and Patagonia. Today the collective group makes up over 80% of the indigenous peoples in Chile, and about 9% of the total Chilean population. The Mapuche are particularly concentrated in the AraucanÃa region. Many have migrated from rural areas to the cities of Santiago and Buenos Aires for economic opportunities. The Mapuche traditional economy is based on agriculture; their traditional social organization consists of extended families, under the direction of a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
José Basilio De Rojas Y Fuentes
José is a predominantly Spanish and Portuguese form of the given name Joseph. While spelled alike, this name is pronounced differently in each language: Spanish ; Portuguese (or ). In French, the name ''José'', pronounced , is an old vernacular form of Joseph, which is also in current usage as a given name. José is also commonly used as part of masculine name composites, such as José Manuel, José Maria or Antonio José, and also in female name composites like Maria José or Marie-José. The feminine written form is ''Josée'' as in French. In Netherlandic Dutch, however, ''José'' is a feminine given name and is pronounced ; it may occur as part of name composites like Marie-José or as a feminine first name in its own right; it can also be short for the name ''Josina'' and even a Dutch hypocorism of the name ''Johanna''. In England, Jose is originally a Romano-Celtic surname, and people with this family name can usually be found in, or traced to, the English county of C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
