|
Foils (LaTeX)
Foil may refer to: Materials * Foil (metal), a quite thin sheet of metal, usually manufactured with a rolling mill machine * Metal leaf, a very thin sheet of decorative metal * Aluminium foil, a type of wrapping for food * Tin foil, metal foil made of tin, the direct predecessor to aluminium foil * Transparency (projection), a thin sheet of transparent flexible material, placed on an overhead projector for display to an audience Fluid dynamics * Foil (fluid mechanics) ** Airfoil, a foil operating in air ** Hydrofoil, a foil operating in water ** Parafoil, a non-rigid airfoil, inflated during use * Foil bearing, a type of fluid bearing Arts and culture * Foil (architecture), decorative device derived from cusps of circles * Foil stamping, a printmaking technique * Foil (fencing), one of the three weapons used in modern fencing * Foil (fiction), a subsidiary character who emphasizes the traits of a main character ** Comedic or comic foil, the straight man in a comedy double act * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foil (metal)
A foil is a very thin sheet of metal, typically made by hammering or rolling.Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "foil". Encyclopedia Britannica, 6 Nov. 2008https://www.britannica.com/technology/foil-metallurgy.Accessed 11 September 2022. Foils are most easily made with malleable metal, such as aluminium, copper, tin, and gold. Foils usually bend under their own weight and can be torn easily. For example, aluminium foil is usually about 1/1000 inch (0.03 mm), whereas gold (more malleable than aluminium) can be made into foil only a few atoms thick, called gold leaf. Extremely thin foil is called metal leaf. Leaf tears very easily and must be picked up with special brushes. Foil is commonly used in household applications. It is also useful in survival situations, in the form of a "space blanket", where the reflective surface reduces the degree of hypothermia caused by thermal radiation. See also * Aluminium foil * Tin foil * Gold leaf * Metal leaf References [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Double Act
A double act (also known as a comedy duo) is a form of comedy originating in the British music hall tradition, and American vaudeville, in which two comedians perform together as a single act. Pairings are typically long-term, in some cases for the artists' entire careers. Double acts perform on the stage, television and film. The format is particularly popular in the UK where successful acts have included Peter Cook and Dudley Moore (Cook’s deadpan delivery contrasted with Moore’s buffoonery), Morecambe and Wise and ''The Two Ronnies''. The tradition is also present in the US with acts like Wheeler and Woolsey, Abbott and Costello, Gallagher and Shean, Burns and Allen, and Lyons and Yosco. The British-American comedy double act Laurel and Hardy has been described as the most popular in the world. Format Humor is often derived from the uneven relationship between two partners, usually of the same gender, age, ethnic origin, and profession but drastically different in te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Freedom Of Information Legislation
Freedom of information laws allow access by the general public to data held by national governments and, where applicable, by state and local governments. The emergence of freedom of information legislation was a response to increasing dissatisfaction with the secrecy surrounding government policy development and decision making. In recent years Access to Information Act has also been used. They establish a "right-to-know" legal process by which requests may be made for government-held information, to be received freely or at minimal cost, barring standard exceptions. Also variously referred to as open records, or sunshine laws (in the United States), governments are typically bound by a duty to publish and promote openness. In many countries there are constitutional guarantees for the right of access to information, but these are usually unused if specific support legislation does not exist. Additionally, the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 16 has a target to ensure pu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Forum Of Indian Leftists
The Forum of Indian Leftists (FOIL), or the Forum of Inquilabi Leftists, is a group of left-wing activists of Indian background. The organization describes itself as "a clearinghouse for radical Indian activists in the United States, Canada and England." Its purpose is described by its founders as "some place for us to share information, offer support, and encourage each other to write in the open media on issues pertaining to Indians overseas and India itself, and help build projects that make our radical politics more material." Founding and Mission Two of the co-founders of FOIL are Biju Mathew and Vijay Prashad. In an interview from 2005, Biju Mathew describes the founding of FOIL to Yoginder Sikand. He claims, they started FOIL in 1995 following the destruction of the Babri Masjid in 1992."We felt it was crucial to reach out to Indian students on American campuses. Now, it has expanded beyond university students as well, and we have more than 400 people on our email discus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
FOIL (programming Language)
FOIL was the name for two different programming languages. CAI style language The first FOIL was a CAI language developed at the University of Michigan in 1967. The acronym stood for File-Oriented Interpretive Language and it was very similar to other CAI languages like COURSEWRITER and PILOT. However, it tried to make the language somewhat block-structured using whitespace which ended up making the language vaguely similar to BASIC or ABC. Example :START COUNT=0 TY Enter the number of times you want to repeat the statement: ACCEPT MAX=NUMBER.(1) :LOOP TY This loop has run #COUNT times it will terminate when it runs #MAX times IF COUNT Music generation language The second FOIL was a music generation language for the Touché computer instrument in 1979. The Touché was a keyboard t ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
FOIL Method
In secondary school, ''FOIL'' is a mnemonic for the standard method of multiplying two binomials—hence the method may be referred to as the FOIL method. The word ''FOIL'' is an acronym for the four terms of the product: * First ("first" terms of each binomial are multiplied together) * Outer ("outside" terms are multiplied—that is, the first term of the first binomial and the second term of the second) * Inner ("inside" terms are multiplied—second term of the first binomial and first term of the second) * Last ("last" terms of each binomial are multiplied) The general form is : (a + b)(c + d) = \underbrace_\text + \underbrace_\text + \underbrace_\text + \underbrace_\text. Note that is both a "first" term and an "outer" term; is both a "last" and "inner" term, and so forth. The order of the four terms in the sum is not important and need not match the order of the letters in the word FOIL. History The FOIL method is a special case of a more general method for multipl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First-order Inductive Learner
In machine learning, first-order inductive learner (FOIL) is a rule-based learning algorithm. Background Developed in 1990 by Ross Quinlan,J.R. Quinlan. Learning Logical Definitions from Relations. Machine Learning, Volume 5, Number 3, 1990/ref> FOIL learns function-free Horn clauses, a subset of first-order predicate calculus. Given positive and negative examples of some concept and a set of background-knowledge predicates, FOIL inductively generates a logical concept definition or rule for the concept. The induced rule must not involve any constants (''color(X,red)'' becomes ''color(X,Y), red(Y)'') or function symbols, but may allow negated predicates; recursive concepts are also learnable. Like the ID3 algorithm, FOIL hill climbs using a metric based on information theory to construct a rule that covers the data. Unlike ID3, however, FOIL uses a separate-and-conquer method rather than divide-and-conquer, focusing on creating one rule at a time and collecting uncovered exam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Police Lineup
A police lineup (in American English) or identity parade (in British English) is a process by which a crime victim or witness's putative identification of a suspect is confirmed to a level that can count as evidence (law), evidence at trial. The suspect, along with several "fillers" or "foils"—people of similar height, build, and complexion who may be prisoners, actors, police officers, or volunteers—stand side-by-side, both facing and in profile. There is crucial information that should be conveyed to the eyewitness prior to viewing the lineup. It is necessary to inform the eyewitness that it is possible the perpetrator is not present in the lineup. The eyewitness should also be told that they do not have to choose one of the people from the lineup. Including these details has shown to result in fewer misidentifications. The lineup sometimes takes place in a room for the purpose, one which may feature a one-way mirror to allow a witness to remain anonymous, and may include ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foilboard
A foilboard or hydrofoil board is a surfboard with a hydrofoil that extends below the board into the water. This design causes the board to leave the surface of the water at various speeds. Background Laird Hamilton, a prominent figure in the invention of big wave tow-in surfing, later discovered the foilboard's capability to harness swell energy with the use of a jet ski, pulling the rider into a wave. The original stand-up design, used with the use of snow board boots, allowed the rider to glide with the moving wave by harnessing the kinetic energy with the underwater swell. Hydrofoil kiteboards allow the rider to achieve the same result with the use of a kite. The hydrofoil minimizes the effects of choppy or rough conditions. Due to the hydrofoil's underwater characteristics, the rider can angle higher into the wind than on traditional kiteboards which ride on the surface of the water. Rush Randle, a noted acrobatic surfer and big wave windsurfer, is credited with being the f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Centreboard
A centreboard or centerboard (US) is a retractable hull appendage which pivots out of a slot in the hull of a sailboat, known as a ''centreboard trunk'' (UK) or ''centerboard case'' (US). The retractability allows the centreboard to be raised to operate in shallow waters, to move the centre of lateral resistance (offsetting changes to the sailplan that move the centre of effort aft), to reduce drag when the full area of the centreboard is not needed, or when removing the boat from the water, as when trailering. A centreboard which consists of solely a pivoting metal plate is called a centerplate. A daggerboard is similar but slides vertically rather than pivoting. The analog in a scow is a bilgeboard: these are fitted in pairs and used one at a time. General History Lt. John Schank (c. 1740 – 6 February 1823) was an officer of the British Royal Navy and is credited with the invention of the centerboard. Schank, however, gave credit for the idea to British Brigadier General ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bruce Foil
A Bruce foil is a variant of the leeboard, consisting of a foil typically mounted on an outrigger and always set at an angle to provide both lateral and vertical force. It was invented by Edmond Bruce in the early 1960s, and first published in the Amateur Yacht Research Society publication in April 1965. Theory Nearly all methods that increase resistance to sideways movement also cause heeling, the leaning produced by the imbalance of the forces on the sails, high above the waterline, and the sideways resistance, generated by the centerboard or other foil below the waterline. The resulting torque causes the hull to heel until the buoyancy of the hull provides sufficient torque to balance the heeling force. The limited buoyancy of the hull therefore limits the amount of force that the sail can effectively produce. One solution to dealing with this limit is to bring the forces generated by the sail and the underwater foil into alignment, canceling as much of the torque as possible ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foil (song)
"Foil" is a song by American satirical music, satirical singer "Weird Al" Yankovic from his fourteenth studio album, ''Mandatory Fun'' (2014). The song is a parody of the 2013 single "Royals (Lorde song), Royals" by Lorde. It begins as an ode to the uses of aluminum foil for food storage, but becomes a parody of conspiracy theories, the New World Order (conspiracy theory), New World Order, and the New World Order (conspiracy theory)#Illuminati, Illuminati in its second verse. "Foil" received positive reviews from music critics, and peaked at number three on the ''Billboard (magazine), Billboard'' Comedy Digital Tracks. The song's music video stars Yankovic as the host of a cooking show, and features cameo appearances from Patton Oswalt, Thomas Lennon (actor), Tom Lennon, and Ben Garant, Robert Benjamin Garant. Background and composition "Foil" is a parody of Lorde's 2013 single "Royals (Lorde song), Royals". It retains the original song's instrumentation, but is slowed down to mat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
.svg "Click for more on -> Centreboard")
