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Firminy
Firminy (; oc, Frominiu) is a commune in the Loire department in central France. It lies on the river Ondaine, 13 km southwest of Saint-Étienne by rail. History The ancient name of the town was ''Firminiaco'' or ''Firminiacus'' (lit. "place of Firmin"). The name was first recorded in a 971 charter by the King of Burgundy. Firminy had historically important coalmines known since the 14th century and extensive manufactures of iron, steel, and aluminum goods, including railway material, machinery and cannon. Fancy woolen hosiery was also manufactured. Population Sights Two historic churches from the 12th and 16th centuries are located here. The architect Le Corbusier designed a group of modern buildings, called "Firminy Vert", which includes the Saint-Pierre Church, a stadium, a cultural center, and an ''Unité d'Habitation''. See also *Communes of the Loire department *Maurice Debesse Maurice Debesse (1903–1998) was a French educator. References Maurice Debesse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Le Corbusier
Charles-Édouard Jeanneret (6 October 188727 August 1965), known as Le Corbusier ( , , ), was a Swiss-French architect, designer, painter, urban planner, writer, and one of the pioneers of what is now regarded as modern architecture. He was born in Switzerland and became a French citizen in 1930. His career spanned five decades, and he designed buildings in Europe, Japan, India, and North and South America. Dedicated to providing better living conditions for the residents of crowded cities, Le Corbusier was influential in urban planning, and was a founding member of the (CIAM). Le Corbusier prepared the master plan for the city of Chandigarh in India, and contributed specific designs for several buildings there, especially the government buildings. On 17 July 2016, seventeen projects by Le Corbusier in seven countries were inscribed in the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites as The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier, The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier, an Outstanding Co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Firminy Vert
Firminy Vert (lit. "Green Firminy") is group of modern buildings designed by architect Le Corbusier located in Firminy, France in 1964–1969. It includes the Saint-Pierre Church, a stadium, a cultural center, and an ''Unité d'Habitation''. It was designed based on Modernism principles of architecture. It is praised as one of Europe's most accomplished postwar planning exercises. Buildings * 1965: Unité d'Habitation of Firminy-Vert, France * 1965: Maison de la culture de Firminy-Vert * 1966: Stadium Firminy-Vert * 1969: Church of Saint-Pierre, Firminy (built posthumously and completed under José Oubrerie José R. Oubrerie (born November 9, 1932) is a French architect, educator, and author. He was a protégé of Le Corbusier. Education Oubrerie studied painting at the Ecole des Beux-Arts (1946–51) in Nantes, and architecture at the École Natio ...'s guidance in 2006) ReferencesLuca Sampò « l’église Saint-Pierre de Firminy, de Le Corbusier : quarante ans d’histoire e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saint-Pierre, Firminy
Saint-Pierre ( en, Saint Peter) is a concrete building in the commune of Firminy, France. The last major work of Le Corbusier, it was started in 1973 and completed in 2006, forty-one years after his death. History Designed to be a church in the model city of Firminy Vert, the construction of Saint-Pierre was begun in 1971, six years after Le Corbusier's death in 1965. Due to local political conflicts it remained stalled from 1975 to 2003, when the local government declared the mouldering concrete ruin an "architectural heritage" and financed its completion. The building was completed by the French architect José Oubrerie, Le Corbusier's student for many years. It has been used for many different purposes, as a secondary school and as a shelter. As the secularist French state may not use public funds for religious buildings, Saint-Pierre is now used as a cultural venue. Impact on architecture In the World Architecture Survey of 2010, by Vanity Fair magazine, the building was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maurice Debesse
Maurice Debesse (1903–1998) was a French educator. References Maurice DebesseParis, UNESCO The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) aimed at promoting world peace and security through international cooperation in education, arts, sciences and culture. It ...: French educators People from Firminy 1903 births 1998 deaths {{edu-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ondaine
The Ondaine or Ondenon is a river in the Loire department of France. It is a right tributary of the Loire. Geography The Ondaine has its source in the woods of Neyranche in the commune of Planfoy at an elevation of , where it is called the Ondenon. When passing through the town of La Ricamarie it takes the name Ondaine. Its basin covers mostly in the department of the Loire, but also in part of Haute-Loire. The Ondaine is one of the rivers of the Loire Valley covered by "river contracts" that are supported by the General Council of the Loire, the Rhône-Alpes region, the Water Agencies, and the State. It flows into the Loire at the locality called Pertuiset in the commune of Unieux at above sea level opposite Caloire. Communes and cantons crossed The Ondaine flows through the department of the Loire, passing from upstream to downstream through the communes of Planfoy (source), Saint-Genest-Malifaux, La Ricamarie, Le Chambon-Feugerolles, Firminy, Fraisses, Saint-Paul-e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Loire (department)
Loire (; ; frp, Lêre; oc, Léger or ''Leir'') is a landlocked department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of France occupying the river Loire's upper reaches. Its prefecture is Saint-Étienne. It had a population of 765,634 in 2019.Populations légales 2019: 42 Loire INSEE History Loire was created in 1793 when the Rhône-et-Loire department was split into two, about 3½ years after it was created. This was a response to counter-revolutionary activities in |
Communes Of The Loire Department
The following is a list of the 323 communes of the Loire department of France. The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2020):BANATIC Périmètre des EPCI à fiscalité propre. Accessed 3 July 2020. * *CA *CA * [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saint-Étienne Métropole
Saint-Étienne Métropole is the ''métropole'', an intercommunal structure, centred on the city of Saint-Étienne. It is located in the Loire department, in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, central France. It was created in January 2018, replacing the previous ''Communauté urbaine Saint-Étienne Métropole''. Its area is 723.5 km2. Its population was 404,607 in 2018, of which 173,089 in Saint-Étienne proper.Comparateur de territoire INSEE. 4 April 2022. History In 1995, Saint-Étienne Métropole was created as a , consisting of 22 communes. This was converted into a |
Communes Of France
The () is a level of administrative division in the French Republic. French are analogous to civil townships and incorporated municipalities in the United States and Canada, ' in Germany, ' in Italy, or ' in Spain. The United Kingdom's equivalent are civil parishes, although some areas, particularly urban areas, are unparished. are based on historical geographic communities or villages and are vested with significant powers to manage the populations and land of the geographic area covered. The are the fourth-level administrative divisions of France. vary widely in size and area, from large sprawling cities with millions of inhabitants like Paris, to small hamlets with only a handful of inhabitants. typically are based on pre-existing villages and facilitate local governance. All have names, but not all named geographic areas or groups of people residing together are ( or ), the difference residing in the lack of administrative powers. Except for the municipal arrondi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Railway
Rail transport (also known as train transport) is a means of transport that transfers passengers and goods on wheeled vehicles running on rails, which are incorporated in tracks. In contrast to road transport, where the vehicles run on a prepared flat surface, rail vehicles (rolling stock) are directionally guided by the tracks on which they run. Tracks usually consist of steel rails, installed on sleepers (ties) set in ballast, on which the rolling stock, usually fitted with metal wheels, moves. Other variations are also possible, such as "slab track", in which the rails are fastened to a concrete foundation resting on a prepared subsurface. Rolling stock in a rail transport system generally encounters lower frictional resistance than rubber-tyred road vehicles, so passenger and freight cars (carriages and wagons) can be coupled into longer trains. The operation is carried out by a railway company, providing transport between train stations or freight customer facilit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unité D'Habitation
{{Infobox company , name = Moldtelecom , logo = , type = JSC , foundation = 1 April 1993 , location = Chişinău, Moldova , key_people = Alexandru Ciubuc CEO interim , num_employees = 2,750 employees As of 2019 , industry = Telecommunications , products = Fixed-line telephony, Internet services, IPTV, Mobile telephony Mobile telephony is the provision of telephone services to phones which may move around freely rather than stay fixed in one location. Telephony is supposed to specifically point to a voice-only service or connection, though sometimes the li ... , homepage = https://www.moldtelecom.md Moldtelecom is the national telecommunications operator and also the largest telecommunications company in the Republic of Moldova. On 1 April 1993, following the restructuring of the telecommunications sector in the Republic of Moldova, ‘Moldtelecom’ State-Owned Enterprise was established. On 5 January 1999, the company has been reorganized and became a Joint- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Steel
Steel is an alloy made up of iron with added carbon to improve its strength and fracture resistance compared to other forms of iron. Many other elements may be present or added. Stainless steels that are corrosion- and oxidation-resistant typically need an additional 11% chromium. Because of its high tensile strength and low cost, steel is used in buildings, infrastructure, tools, ships, trains, cars, machines, electrical appliances, weapons, and rockets. Iron is the base metal of steel. Depending on the temperature, it can take two crystalline forms (allotropic forms): body-centred cubic and face-centred cubic. The interaction of the allotropes of iron with the alloying elements, primarily carbon, gives steel and cast iron their range of unique properties. In pure iron, the crystal structure has relatively little resistance to the iron atoms slipping past one another, and so pure iron is quite ductile, or soft and easily formed. In steel, small amounts of carbon, other ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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