FS Class 685
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FS Class 685
The Ferrovie dello Stato (FS; Italian State Railways) Class 685 () is a class of 2-6-2 'Prairie' express train steam locomotives. These are colloquially known as ''Regine'' ('Queens' in Italian), mirroring their fame as one of the most successful and appreciated Italian steam locomotives. Design and construction The Class 685 was the simple-expansion and superheated version of the pre-existing FS Class 680 locomotive, the premier express locomotive in Italy up to that date; while discarding the complicated compound feature, the 685 nonetheless kept the unusual feature of having the cylinders arranged in pairs, with each pair being served by a single piston valve with crossed ports (a feature typical of the Plancher engine of the Class 680 and other Italian locomotives). The first 106 locomotives were built up to World War I, and had right-hand drive; construction resumed in 1920, and the remaining 165 were all built, up to 1928, with left-hand drive and a slightly longer boiler. ...
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Ernesto Breda
Ernesto, form of the name Ernest in several Romance languages, may refer to: * Ernesto (novel), ''Ernesto'' (novel) (1953), an unfinished autobiographical novel by Umberto Saba, published posthumously in 1975 ** Ernesto (film), ''Ernesto'' (film), a 1979 Italian drama loosely based on the novel * Hurricane Ernesto (other), several hurricanes or * Ernesto (footballer) (born 1979), Ernesto da Conceição Soares, Cape Verdean footballer People *Ernesto Abella, Filipino businessman, politician, and writer *Ernesto Agard (born 1937), Panamanian basketball player *Ernesto Aguero (born 1969), Cuban weightlifter *Ernesto Alonso (1917–2007), Mexican actor, director, cinematographer, and producer *Ernesto Amantegui Phumipha (born 1990), Thai footballer *Ernesto Basile (1857–1932), Italian architect *Ernesto Cesàro (1859–1906), Italian mathematician *Ernesto De Curtis (1875–1937), Italian composer *Ernesto Farías (born 1980), Argentine footballer *Ernesto Figueiredo (born 19 ...
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FS Class 691
The Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane (FS; Italian State Railways) Class 691 () is a class of 4-6-2 'Pacific' locomotives; they were the fastest and most powerful steam locomotives ever built for the Italian railways. Origin By the end of the 1920s the FS were considering the possibility of building a new class of Pacific locomotives for mainline express duties; the existing Class 690 ones were poor steamers (because of the small firebox) and therefore not being successful (with the much lighter Class S.685 2-6-2 locomotives having the same performance as them). This class, which should have been the Class 695, would have had however a very high axle load (as much as ), which would have required strengthening of the lines they were supposed to serve; as electrification was becoming more and more prominent, such an expense was considered unwarranted. Therefore, a less ambitious plan, which involved rebuilding the Class 690 locomotives (and which would have entailed a lower axle load), ...
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Pistoia
Pistoia (; ) is a city and ''comune'' in the Italian region of Tuscany, the capital of a province of the same name, located about north-west of Florence and is crossed by the Ombrone Pistoiese, a tributary of the River Arno. It is a typical Italian medieval city, and it attracts many tourists, especially in the summer. The city is famous throughout Europe for its plant nurseries. History ''Pistoria'' (in Latin other possible forms are ''Pistorium'' or ''Pistoriae'') was a centre of Gallic, Ligurian and Etruscan settlements before becoming a Roman colony in the 6th century BC, along the important road Via Cassia: in 62 BC the demagogue Catiline and his fellow conspirators were slain nearby. From the 5th century the city was a bishopric, and during the Lombardic kingdom it was a royal city and had several privileges. Pistoia's most splendid age began in 1177 when it proclaimed itself a free commune: in the following years it became an important political centre, ere ...
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Museo Della Scienza E Della Tecnologia "Leonardo Da Vinci"
Museo Nazionale Scienza e Tecnologia Leonardo da Vinci in Milan, dedicated to painter and scientist Leonardo da Vinci, is the largest science and technology museum in Italy. It was opened on 15 February 1953 and inaugurated by prime minister of Italy, Prime Minister Alcide De Gasperi. The museum, in the ancient monastery of San Vittore al Corpo, Milan, San Vittore al Corpo in Milan, is divided into seven main departments: * Materials * Transport * Energy (including Thermal power station Regina Margherita) * Communication * Leonardo da Vinci, Art & Science * New Frontiers * Science for young people Each of these departments have laboratories, especially for children and young students. The Transport section is made up of four different parts: air, rail, water and Toti class submarine, Submarine Enrico Toti-S-506. Materials section The Materials section treats the life cycle of modern products from raw materials to recycling. Specific sections are dedicated to polymeric and syn ...
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Pietrarsa Railway Museum
The National Railway Museum of Pietrarsa () is close to the Naples–Portici railway. The museum is housed in what was originally the 'Bourbon works' Officine di Pietrarsa, founded in 1840 on the orders of Ferdinand II of Bourbon to build steam engines for ships and boilers for locomotives. The factory was organized into pavilions which housed the different production steps. Overview In 1830, Ferdinand became king of the Kingdom of the two Sicilies. He had a small factory built in Torre Annunziata to produce steam engines for ships and ammunition for military use. This factory was part of Ferdinand's strategy to emancipate his Kingdom from foreign industrial and technological supremacy. For closer supervision, he decided to relocate the factory next to the Royal Palace of Naples The Royal Palace of Naples () is a historic building located in Piazza del Plebiscito, in the historic center of Naples, Italy. Although the main entrance is located in this square, there are ot ...
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Giuseppe Belluzzo
Giuseppe Belluzzo (1876–1952) was an Italian mechanical engineer, scholar and politician. He was a member of the Italian Parliament and of the Italian Senate. He served as the minister of national economy and minister of public education in the cabinet of Benito Mussolini. Early life and education Belluzzo was born in Verona on 25 November 1876 into a working-class family. At 16 he obtained a license from a technical institute. Then he graduated from the Polytechnic University of Milan receiving a degree in mechanical engineering. Career and activities In 1899 Belluzzo won an award for his study on hydraulic turbines. In 1905 he established the first steam tribune of Italy. From 1914 to 1929 he was a full professor of construction of thermal and hydraulic engines at his alma mater, Polytechnic University of Milan. During World War I he joined the Italian army and was decorated with the war cross for his service. In the elections of 1924 and 1929 he won a seat at the Parliam ...
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FS Class 683 II
FS, fS or fs may refer to: Arts and entertainment * FS (musician) (real name Fred Sargolini), American dubstep producer and DJ from New York * FS Catalogue, a numbered list of all compositions by Carl Nielsen * FS Film, a Finnish film distributor * Flight simulator, a professional simulator of planes ** Flight simulation video game, a video game version of simulators *** ''Microsoft Flight Simulator'', an amateur flight simulator series **** ''Microsoft Flight Simulator X'' (''FSX''), the 2006 edition **** ''Microsoft Flight Simulator'' (2020 video game) (''FS''), the 2020 edition * Fox Sports (United States), the sports programming division of Fox Corporation ** Fox Sports 1 (FS1) ** Fox Sports 2 (FS2) Businesses and organizations * Fagoppositionens Sammenslutning, a Danish trade union federation * FamilySearch, a genealogical organization and website * Farmers' and Settlers' Association of New South Wales (F & S), Australia * Fortune Systems, a defunct American computer manu ...
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Franco-Crosti Boiler
The Franco–Crosti boiler is a type of boiler used for steam locomotives. It was designed in the 1930s by Attilio Franco and Dr Piero Crosti. The main difference between it and conventional feedwater heaters widely used on the continent is that the Franco-Crosti boiler uses both exhaust steam and exhaust gases from the firebox. Conventional feedwater heaters only use exhaust steam. Purpose The Franco–Crosti boiler is a modification of the conventional fire tube boiler design used on most steam locomotives. Unlike conventional boilers the heat remaining in the exhaust gases is used to preheat the water supply for the main boiler using a secondary heat exchange mechanism. This mechanism, known as the ''feedwater heater'' is essentially a secondary boiler. The preheated feedwater is fed at full boiler pressure into the main boiler via clack valves. The feedwater heater is not designed to produce steam, instead raising the temperature of the feedwater. This allows the heater to ...
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Cassino
Cassino () is a ''comune'' in the province of Frosinone at the southern end of the region of Lazio. It's the last city of the Valle Latina, Latin Valley. It is located at the foot of Monte Cairo near the confluence of the Gari (river), Gari and Liri rivers and on the via Casilina between Rome and Naples. The city is best known as the site of the Monte Cassino, Abbey of Montecassino and the Battle of Monte Cassino during World War II, which resulted in huge Allied and German casualties as well as the near total destruction of the town itself. It is also home to the University of Cassino and Southern Lazio. Cassino has a population of 35,969 as of July 2017, making it the second largest town in the province. History Ancient Cassino's roots lie in the settlement of Casinum, the last city of the Latins (Italic tribe), Latins, of Umbri, UmbrianTacitus, Annales or Venetic or Oscan origin,
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Naples
Naples ( ; ; ) is the Regions of Italy, regional capital of Campania and the third-largest city of Italy, after Rome and Milan, with a population of 908,082 within the city's administrative limits as of 2025, while its Metropolitan City of Naples, province-level municipality is the third most populous Metropolitan cities of Italy, metropolitan city in Italy with a population of 2,958,410 residents, and the List of urban areas in the European Union, eighth most populous in the European Union. Naples metropolitan area, Its metropolitan area stretches beyond the boundaries of the city wall for approximately . Naples also plays a key role in international diplomacy, since it is home to NATO's Allied Joint Force Command Naples and the Parliamentary Assembly of the Mediterranean. Founded by Greeks in the 1st millennium BC, first millennium BC, Naples is one of the oldest continuously inhabited urban areas in the world. In the eighth century BC, a colony known as Parthenope () was e ...
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Rome
Rome (Italian language, Italian and , ) is the capital city and most populated (municipality) of Italy. It is also the administrative centre of the Lazio Regions of Italy, region and of the Metropolitan City of Rome. A special named with 2,746,984 residents in , Rome is the list of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, third most populous city in the European Union by population within city limits. The Metropolitan City of Rome Capital, with a population of 4,223,885 residents, is the most populous metropolitan cities of Italy, metropolitan city in Italy. Rome metropolitan area, Its metropolitan area is the third-most populous within Italy. Rome is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, within Lazio (Latium), along the shores of the Tiber Valley. Vatican City (the smallest country in the world and headquarters of the worldwide Catholic Church under the governance of the Holy See) is an independent country inside the city boun ...
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Turin
Turin ( , ; ; , then ) is a city and an important business and cultural centre in northern Italy. It is the capital city of Piedmont and of the Metropolitan City of Turin, and was the first Italian capital from 1861 to 1865. The city is mainly on the western bank of the Po (river), River Po, below its Susa Valley, and is surrounded by the western Alpine arch and Superga hill. The population of the city proper is 856,745 as of 2025, while the population of the urban area is estimated by Eurostat to be 1.7 million inhabitants. The Turin metropolitan area is estimated by the OECD to have a population of 2.2 million. The city was historically a major European political centre. From 1563, it was the capital of the Duchy of Savoy, then of the Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861), Kingdom of Sardinia ruled by the House of Savoy, and the first capital of the Kingdom of Italy from 1861 to 1865. Turin is sometimes called "the cradle of Italian liberty" for having been the politi ...
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