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FIOM
The Italian Federation of Metalworkers ( it, Federazione Impiegati Operai Metallurgici, FIOM) is a trade union representing workers in the metal and engineering industries in Italy. The union was founded at a conference in Livorno, on 16 June 1901. In 1906, it was a founding affiliate of the General Confederation of Labour. Membership grew steadily, and by 1916, it had reached 22,445. In 1919, the union signed an agreement limiting working hours to a maximum of 48 a week. It was banned by the fascist government in 1924. The union was re-established in 1944, and affiliated to the new Italian General Confederation of Labour. By 1946, it had 638,697 members. Although both the social democratic and Christian democratic groups soon split away, by 1949, the union still claimed 609,094 members. By 1998, membership had declined to 365,942. General Secretaries :1901: Ernesto Verzi :1907: Silla Coccia and Cleobulo Rossi :1908: Bruno Buozzi :1924: ''Union banned'' :1944: Giovanni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maurizio Landini
Maurizio Landini (born 7 August 1961) is an Italian trade unionist. Since January 2019, he is the General Secretary of CGIL. He was also former general secretary of FIOM from 2010 to 2017. Landini is considered a socialist and is famous for his populist political style. Biography Landini was born in Castelnovo ne' Monti, near Reggio Emilia, in 1961. He was the second-last of five children; his father, who fought along with the Italian partisans during the World War II, was a ''cantoniere'', a road maintenance worker who needed to live near the workplace due to service requirements, while his mother was a housewife. Landini grew up in San Polo d'Enza and, after middle school, he attended the building's surveyor secondary school, but he was forced to leave it due to financial difficulties of his family, and started working when he was only 15 years old as an apprentice welder in a cooperative in the engineering sector in Reggio Emilia. During the 1980s he became an officia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Italian General Confederation Of Labour
The Italian General Confederation of Labour (; CGIL) is a national trade union based in Italy. It was formed by agreement between socialists, communists, and Christian democrats in the "Pact of Rome" of June 1944. In 1950, socialists and Christian democrats split forming UIL and CISL, and since then the CGIL has been influenced by the Italian Communist Party (PCI) and until recent years by its political heirs: the Democratic Party of the Left (PDS), the Democrats of the Left (DS) and currently the Democratic Party (PD). It has been the most important Italian trade union since its creation. It has a membership of over 5.5 million. Along with the decline of membership within its political counterpart, the Democratic Party (PD), its membership is in steep decline since 2013, with the percentage of pensioners in constant rise. On 1 July 2015, the number of working adults reached a ceiling at 2.185.099. The CGIL is currently the second-largest trade union in Europe, after the Ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
FIOM Logo
The Italian Federation of Metalworkers ( it, Federazione Impiegati Operai Metallurgici, FIOM) is a trade union representing workers in the metal and engineering industries in Italy. The union was founded at a conference in Livorno, on 16 June 1901. In 1906, it was a founding affiliate of the General Confederation of Labour. Membership grew steadily, and by 1916, it had reached 22,445. In 1919, the union signed an agreement limiting working hours to a maximum of 48 a week. It was banned by the fascist government in 1924. The union was re-established in 1944, and affiliated to the new Italian General Confederation of Labour. By 1946, it had 638,697 members. Although both the social democratic and Christian democratic groups soon split away, by 1949, the union still claimed 609,094 members. By 1998, membership had declined to 365,942. General Secretaries :1901: Ernesto Verzi :1907: Silla Coccia and Cleobulo Rossi :1908: Bruno Buozzi :1924: ''Union banned'' :1944: Giovanni P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giovanni Roveda
Giovanni Roveda (4 June 1894 – 17 November 1962) was an Italian trade union leader, communist politician and anti-fascist activist. Born in Mortara, Roveda moved to Turin when he was 13, to undertake an apprenticeship as a lithographer. In 1909, he joined the youth federation of the Italian Socialist Party, and demonstrated against the Italian-Turkish War, and then World War I. Although he was conscripted in 1915, because of his politics, he was not sent to the front. After the war, Roveda became a full-time trade union organiser, and in 1919, he was elected as the national secretary of the Italian Federation of Wood Workers. The newspaper ''L'Ordine Nuovo'' was also founded in 1919, and Roveda was involved in an editorial capacity from the start. In 1920, Roveda supported the factory occupations. He also became a founder member of the Italian Communist Party (PCI). In April, he became the secretary of the Turin Trades Council. From 1922, he served on the executive o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
General Confederation Of Labour (Italy)
General Confederation of Labour ( it, Confederazione Generale del Lavoro, CGdL) was an Italian labor union, founded in 1906, under the initiative of socialist militants. Having survived the Fascist dictatorship and the Second World War as an underground organization, the CGL joined the cross-party CGIL labor federation in 1945. History Founding The Confederazione Generale del Lavoro was founded 1 October 1906 but its formation goes back to the first Camera del Lavoro (Workers' Hall) begun in Milan in 1891, and to the founding of its largest constituent unions (especially the FIOM national metal workers' union created in 1901). The CGdL's first secretary was the Reformist Socialist Rinaldo Rigola (1906–1918). It affiliated to the International Secretariat of National Trade Union Centres. Growth and decline In the first few years, membership of the federation grew rapidly, reaching 383,770 in 1911. It then fell, but boomed at the end of World War I, and by 1920 had reached ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sergio Garavini
Sergio Garavini (18 May 1926 – 7 September 2001) was an Italian politician, writer and trade unionist. Biography Garavini was born in Turin. At a very young age, he entered the Italian Communist Party (PCI) and the trade union Italian General Confederation of Labour (CGIL), which he contributed to reform after the defeat in the FIAT internal elections of 1955. He was subsequently regional secretary of CGIL, secretary of FIOM (CGIL's metallurgic workers confederation) and, finally, national secretary of CGIL. In the trade union conflict between Fausto Bertinotti (who always favoured strikes) and Sergio Cofferati (more incline to mediation), Garavini usually sided for the first policy, but also proposed intermediate solutions such as the intermittent strike or the permanent consultation. As a member of PCI, he supported Rossana Rossanda when she formed the party-newspaper '' il manifesto'' and was later expelled from the party, but Garavini never abandoned it. He was a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Italy
Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical region. Italy is also considered part of Western Europe, and shares land borders with France, Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia and the enclaved microstates of Vatican City and San Marino. It has a territorial exclave in Switzerland, Campione. Italy covers an area of , with a population of over 60 million. It is the third-most populous member state of the European Union, the sixth-most populous country in Europe, and the tenth-largest country in the continent by land area. Italy's capital and largest city is Rome. Italy was the native place of many civilizations such as the Italic peoples and the Etruscans, while due to its central geographic location in Southern Europe and the Mediterranean, the country has also historically been home ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Democratic Socialism
Democratic socialism is a Left-wing politics, left-wing political philosophy that supports political democracy and some form of a socially owned economy, with a particular emphasis on economic democracy, workplace democracy, and workers' self-management within a market socialist economy or an alternative form of a decentralised planned socialist economy. Democratic socialists argue that capitalism is inherently incompatible with the values of freedom, Egalitarianism, equality, and solidarity and that these Ideal (ethics), ideals can only be achieved through the realisation of a socialist society. Although most democratic socialists seek a gradual transition to socialism, democratic socialism can support revolutionary or reformist politics to establish socialism. ''Democratic socialism'' was popularised by socialists who opposed the backsliding towards a one-party state in the Soviet Union and other nations during the 20th century. The history of democratic socialism can be trac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rome
, established_title = Founded , established_date = 753 BC , founder = King Romulus (legendary) , image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg , map_caption = The territory of the ''comune'' (''Roma Capitale'', in red) inside the Metropolitan City of Rome (''Città Metropolitana di Roma'', in yellow). The white spot in the centre is Vatican City. , pushpin_map = Italy#Europe , pushpin_map_caption = Location within Italy##Location within Europe , pushpin_relief = yes , coordinates = , coor_pinpoint = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Italy , subdivision_type2 = Region , subdivision_name2 = Lazio , subdivision_type3 = Metropolitan city , subdivision_name3 = Rome Capital , government_footnotes= , government_type = Strong Mayor–Council , leader_title2 = Legislature , leader_name2 = Capitoline Assemb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trade Union
A trade union (labor union in American English), often simply referred to as a union, is an organization of workers intent on "maintaining or improving the conditions of their employment", ch. I such as attaining better wages and benefits (such as holiday, health care, and retirement), improving working conditions, improving safety standards, establishing complaint procedures, developing rules governing status of employees (rules governing promotions, just-cause conditions for termination) and protecting the integrity of their trade through the increased bargaining power wielded by solidarity among workers. Trade unions typically fund their head office and legal team functions through regularly imposed fees called ''union dues''. The delegate staff of the trade union representation in the workforce are usually made up of workplace volunteers who are often appointed by members in democratic elections. The trade union, through an elected leadership and bargaining committee, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Livorno
Livorno () is a port city on the Ligurian Sea on the western coast of Tuscany, Italy. It is the capital of the Province of Livorno, having a population of 158,493 residents in December 2017. It is traditionally known in English as Leghorn (pronounced , "Leghorn" in the . or ). During the , Livorno was designed as an "". Developing c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agostino Novella
Agostino Novella (28 September 1905 – 14 September 1974) was an Italian trade unionist and communist politician. Biography Born in Genoa, Novella worked in a shoe factory, then was apprenticed as a blacksmith in his father's workshop. He joined the Socialist Youth Federation in 1920, becoming active in the anti-fascist movement, and by 1923 was serving on the federation's national committee. However, in 1924, he led the whole of the Genoa federation into the Communist Party of Italy (PCdI). In 1925, Novella undertook national service with the military, but he continued his political activities, and as a result spent time in military prison. He was discharged the following year, and became a leading supporter of Gramsci, serving on the central committee of the Italian Communist Youth Federation (FGCI). In November, he was sentenced to four years in prison in absentia, but he evaded capture until the middle of 1927. He was then imprisoned, being released in 1931 and exi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
