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Empress Ma (Southern Han)
Empress Ma (馬皇后, personal name unknown) (died January 22, 935''Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 279. Academia Sinicabr>Chinese-Western Calendar Converter) was the only known empress of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period state Southern Han. She was the wife of Southern Han's founding emperor Liu Yan (Emperor Gaozu), and the daughter of Ma Yin (Prince Wumu), the prince of Southern Han's northern neighbor Chu. Background It is not known when the future Empress Ma was born. Further, while she was known to be a daughter of Ma Yin's, no historical record indicated who her mother was. In 913, Liu Yan, who was then formally a Later Liang vassal (as Ma Yin was as well) as the military governor (''Jiedushi'') of Qinghai Circuit (清海, headquartered in modern Guangzhou, Guangdong), sent emissaries to Ma Yin, asking to marry a daughter of his. Ma Yin agreed.''Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 268. In 915, Liu sent emissaries to Chu to welcome her; Ma Yin, in turn, sent his broth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zizhi Tongjian
''Zizhi Tongjian'' () is a pioneering reference work in Chinese historiography, published in 1084 AD during the Northern Song dynasty in the form of a chronicle recording Chinese history from 403 BC to 959 AD, covering 16 dynasties and spanning almost 1400 years. The main text is arranged into 294 scrolls (''juan'' , equivalent to a chapter) totaling about 3 million Chinese characters. In 1065 AD, Emperor Yingzong of Song commissioned his official Sima Guang (1019–1086 AD) to lead a project to compile a universal history of China, and granted him funding and the authority to appoint his own staff. His team took 19 years to complete the work and in 1084 AD it was presented to Emperor Yingzong's successor Emperor Shenzong of Song. It was well-received and has proved to be immensely influential among both scholars and the general public. Endymion Wilkinson regards it as reference quality: "It had an enormous influence on later Chinese historical wri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southern Han Empresses
Southern may refer to: Businesses * China Southern Airlines, airline based in Guangzhou, China * Southern Airways, defunct US airline * Southern Air, air cargo transportation company based in Norwalk, Connecticut, US * Southern Airways Express, Memphis-based passenger air transportation company, serving eight cities in the US * Southern Company, US electricity corporation * Southern Music (now Peermusic), US record label * Southern Railway (other), various railways * Southern Records, independent British record label * Southern Studios, recording studio in London, England * Southern Television, defunct UK television company * Southern (Govia Thameslink Railway), brand used for some train services in Southern England Media * ''Southern Daily'' or ''Nanfang Daily'', the official Communist Party newspaper based in Guangdong, China * ''Southern Weekly'', a newspaper in Guangzhou, China * Heart Sussex, a radio station in Sussex, England, previously known as "Southern FM" * 88 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
935 Deaths
Year 935 ( CMXXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * Spring – Arnulf I ("the Bad") of Bavaria invades Italy, crossing through the Upper Adige (modern Tyrol). He proceeds towards Verona to join his supporters. King Hugh of Provence takes a Burgundian army against him, and defeats Arnulf at Gossolengo, forcing him to return to Bavaria. * Summer – Caliph Al-Qa'im bi-Amr Allah dispatches a Fatimid naval expedition under Ya'qub ibn Ishaq al-Tamimi to raid the coast of Provence and Liguria, sacking Genoa on 16 August and attacking Pisa. Ya'qub also raids Corsica and Sardinia before returning to Mahdia with some 8,000 prisoners. * September 28 – Duke Wenceslaus I of Bohemia (the subject of the 1853 Christmas carol "Good King Wenceslas") is murdered by a group of nobles led by his brother Boleslaus I ("the Cruel"), who succeeds him. * Córdoba, capital of Al-A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liu Chang (Jixing)
Liu Chang (; 942–980), originally Liu Jixing (劉繼興), was the fourth, last and youngest Chinese emperor of Southern Han during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, reigning from 958 until his country was annexed by the Song dynasty in 971. Life He succeeded his father Liu Sheng because he was the eldest son. He only left eunuchs in power in his court and mandated castration for anyone who he wanted to work for his court because he believed people with children could not be completely loyal. When Liu Chang became Emperor he was only a "mere youth". Reign Liu became Emperor when he was sixteen years old. Historical records report that Liu Chang spent so much time with his harem that he abandoned government affairs. His most favorite concubine was one young Persian girl he called Mèi Zhū (媚豬). The "History of Five dynasties and Ten Kingdoms" described the Persian woman as having copper colored skin and large eyes. It was told that she loved pearls so Liu Chang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liu Sheng (Southern Han)
Liu Sheng (; 920–958), born Liu Hongxi (劉弘熙), may be nicknamed Jun (雋),''Spring and Autumn Annals of the Ten Kingdoms''vol. 61 formally Emperor Zhongzong of (Southern) Han ((南)漢中宗), was the third emperor of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period state Southern Han. He succeeded his brother, Liu Bin (Emperor Shang), whom he had ordered assassinated to allow himself to take the throne. Background Liu Hongxi was born in 920, as the fourth son of Liu Yan, who was then already the emperor of Southern Han (as Emperor Gaozu)—and therefore, was likely born at Southern Han's capital Xingwang (興王, in modern Guangzhou, Guangdong). The first historical reference to Liu Hongxi was in 932, when Liu Yan created his sons imperial princes—with Liu Hongxi receiving the title of Prince of Jin. As his two oldest brothers Liu Yaoshu (劉耀樞) and Liu Guitu (劉龜圖)—both of whom also received princely titles in 932 and therefore were likely still alive t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liu Bin (Southern Han)
Liu Bin (劉玢) (920 – 15 April 943), né Liu Hongdu (劉弘度), possibly nicknamed Shou (壽),''Spring and Autumn Annals of the Ten Kingdoms''vol. 61 also known by his posthumous name as the Emperor Shang of Southern Han (南漢殤帝 Nanhan Shangdi), was the second emperor of the Chinese Southern Han dynasty. He reigned only briefly, from 942 to 943, from the time of the death of his father Liu Yan (Emperor Gaozu) to the time he was assassinated in a coup headed by his brother Liu Hongxi (later known as Liu Sheng, Emperor Zhongzong). Background Liu Hongdu was born in 920, as the third son of Liu Yan, who was then already the emperor of Southern Han (as Emperor Gaozu)— and therefore, was likely born at Southern Han's capital Xingwang (興王, in modern Guangzhou, Guangdong). His mother was Liu Yan's concubine Consort Zhao, who would later receive the title of ''Zhaoyi'' (昭儀). (The biographies for her and for Liu Hongdu in the ''Spring and Autumn Annals of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Song Dynasty
The Song dynasty (; ; 960–1279) was an imperial dynasty of China that began in 960 and lasted until 1279. The dynasty was founded by Emperor Taizu of Song following his usurpation of the throne of the Later Zhou. The Song conquered the rest of the Ten Kingdoms, ending the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. The Song often came into conflict with the contemporaneous Liao, Western Xia and Jin dynasties in northern China. After retreating to southern China, the Song was eventually conquered by the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The dynasty is divided into two periods: Northern Song and Southern Song. During the Northern Song (; 960–1127), the capital was in the northern city of Bianjing (now Kaifeng) and the dynasty controlled most of what is now Eastern China. The Southern Song (; 1127–1279) refers to the period after the Song lost control of its northern half to the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty in the Jin–Song Wars. At that time, the Song court retreated south of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Empress Song (Song Dynasty)
Empress Song (952–995) was a Chinese Empress consort of the Song Dynasty, married to Emperor Taizu of Song. She came from a royal family. Her maternal grandfather was Later Han's first emperor Liu Zhiyuan. Her paternal grandmother was a daughter of Later Tang's first emperor Li Cunxu. Titles * During the reign of Emperor Gaozu of Later Jin (28 November 936 – 28 July 942): ** Lady Song (宋氏; from 952) * During the reign of Emperor Taizu of Song (4 February 960 – 14 November 976): ** Empress (賀氏; from 968) *During the reign of Emperor Taizong of Song Zhao Jiong (20 November 939 – 8 May 997), known as Zhao Guangyi from 960 to 977 and Zhao Kuangyi before 960, also known by his temple name Taizong after his death, was the second emperor of the Song dynasty of China. He reigned from 976 to h ... (15 November 976 – 8 May 997) **Empress Xiaozhang (孝章皇后; from 995) Ancestry Notes {{DEFAULTSORT:Song, Empress 995 deaths Song dynasty empresses 9 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guangxi
Guangxi (; ; Chinese postal romanization, alternately romanized as Kwanghsi; ; za, Gvangjsih, italics=yes), officially the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (GZAR), is an Autonomous regions of China, autonomous region of the People's Republic of China, located in South China and bordering Vietnam (Hà Giang Province, Hà Giang, Cao Bằng Province, Cao Bằng, Lạng Sơn Province, Lạng Sơn, and Quảng Ninh Provinces) and the Gulf of Tonkin. Formerly a Provinces of China, province, Guangxi became an autonomous region in 1958. Its current capital is Nanning. Guangxi's location, in mountainous terrain in the far south of China, has placed it on the frontier of Chinese civilization throughout much of History of China, Chinese history. The current name "Guang" means "expanse" and has been associated with the region since the creation of Guang Prefecture in 226 AD. It was given Administrative divisions of the Yuan dynasty, provincial level status during the Yuan dynasty, but ev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Consort Zhang (Zhu Zhen)
Consort Zhang, imperial consort rank ''Defei'' (張德妃) (892''New History of the Five Dynasties'', vol. 13.-November 4, 915''Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 269. Academia Sinicabr>Chinese-Western Calendar Converter) was the wife of Zhu Zhen (Zhu Youzhen), the last emperor of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period state Later Liang. The future Consort Zhang was a daughter of Zhang Guiba (張歸霸), a general under Later Liang's founding emperor (and the father of Zhu Zhen, who was then known as Zhu Youzhen) Emperor Taizu. While Zhu Youzhen was the Prince of Jun under Emperor Taizu, he married Lady Zhang as his wife and princess. After he became emperor in 913,''Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 268. he wanted to create Princess Zhang empress, but Princess Zhang, citing the fact that he had not formally offered sacrifices to heaven and earth as an emperor, declined. In 915, Princess Zhang became seriously ill. Zhu Youzhen, who had changed his name to Zhu Zhen by that point, cr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
