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Eugène Protot
Louis Charles Eugène Protot (27 January 1839 –17 February 1921) was a French lawyer (''avocat'') and a political opponent of the Second French Empire, Second Empire. During the Paris Commune in 1871, he was Minister of Justice (France), minister of justice for a month before going into exile until 1880. After his return to France he was prevented from working at the Bar and earned a living as a specialist in Oriental languages. Under the Second Empire Protot was born in Carisey in the province of Yonne into a peasant family. Despite the poverty of his background he was able to study law and came to Paris to gain his legal qualifications in 1864. He was an active follower of Auguste Blanqui and wrote articles for the publications ''Rive gauche'' and ''Candide (newspaper), Candide''. At the beginning of 1866 he was arrested at a gathering in the Café de la Renaissance in the Place Saint-Michel, together with Gustave Tridon, Raoul Rigault, the Levraud brothers, Gaston Da Co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eugène Protot
Louis Charles Eugène Protot (27 January 1839 –17 February 1921) was a French lawyer (''avocat'') and a political opponent of the Second French Empire, Second Empire. During the Paris Commune in 1871, he was Minister of Justice (France), minister of justice for a month before going into exile until 1880. After his return to France he was prevented from working at the Bar and earned a living as a specialist in Oriental languages. Under the Second Empire Protot was born in Carisey in the province of Yonne into a peasant family. Despite the poverty of his background he was able to study law and came to Paris to gain his legal qualifications in 1864. He was an active follower of Auguste Blanqui and wrote articles for the publications ''Rive gauche'' and ''Candide (newspaper), Candide''. At the beginning of 1866 he was arrested at a gathering in the Café de la Renaissance in the Place Saint-Michel, together with Gustave Tridon, Raoul Rigault, the Levraud brothers, Gaston Da Co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blois
Blois ( ; ) is a commune and the capital city of Loir-et-Cher department, in Centre-Val de Loire, France, on the banks of the lower Loire river between Orléans and Tours. With 45,898 inhabitants by 2019, Blois is the most populated city of the department, and the 4th of the region. Historically, the city was the capital of the county of Blois, created on 832 until its integration into the Royal domain in 1498, when Count Louis II of Orléans became King Louis XII of France. During the Renaissance, Blois was the official residence of the King of France. History Pre-history Since 2013, excavations have been conducted by French National Institute of Preventive Archaeological Research (''INRAP'' in French) in Vienne where they found evidence of "one or several camps of late Prehistory hunter-gatherers, who were also fishermen since fishing traps were found there.. ..They were ancestors of the famous Neolithic farmer-herders, who were present in current France around 6,000 BC ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Individual Freedom
Individualism is the moral stance, political philosophy, ideology and social outlook that emphasizes the intrinsic worth of the individual. Individualists promote the exercise of one's goals and desires and to value independence and self-reliance and advocate that interests of the individual should achieve precedence over the state or a social group while opposing external interference upon one's own interests by society or institutions such as the government. Individualism is often defined in contrast to totalitarianism, collectivism and more corporate social forms. Individualism makes the individual its focus and so starts "with the fundamental premise that the human individual is of primary importance in the struggle for liberation". Anarchism, existentialism, liberalism and libertarianism are examples of movements that take the human individual as a central unit of analysis.L. Susan Brown. '' The Politics of Individualism: Liberalism, Liberal Feminism, and Anarchism''. Black ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Judge
A judge is a person who presides over court proceedings, either alone or as a part of a panel of judges. A judge hears all the witnesses and any other evidence presented by the barristers or solicitors of the case, assesses the credibility and arguments of the parties, and then issues a ruling in the case based on their interpretation of the law and their own personal judgment. A judge is expected to conduct the trial impartially and, typically, in an open court. The powers, functions, method of appointment, discipline, and training of judges vary widely across different jurisdictions. In some jurisdictions, the judge's powers may be shared with a jury. In inquisitorial systems of criminal investigation, a judge might also be an examining magistrate. The presiding judge ensures that all court proceedings are lawful and orderly. Powers and functions The ultimate task of a judge is to settle a legal dispute in a final and publicly lawful manner in agreement with substantial p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
11th Arrondissement Of Paris
The 11th arrondissement of Paris (''XIe arrondissement'') is one of the 20 arrondissements of the capital city of France. In spoken French, this arrondissement is referred to as ''onzième''. The arrondissement, called Popincourt, is situated on the right bank of the River Seine. The arrondissement is one of the most densely populated urban districts of any European city. Description The eleventh arrondissement is a varied and engaging area. To the west lies the Place de la République, which is linked to the Place de la Bastille, in the east, by the sweeping, tree-lined Boulevard Richard-Lenoir, with its large markets and children's parks. The Place de la Bastille and the rue du Faubourg Saint-Antoine are full of fashionable cafés, restaurants, and nightlife, and they also contain a range of boutiques and galleries. The Oberkampf district to the north is another popular area for nightlife. The east is more residential, with more wholesale commerce, while the areas around the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Commune Council (Paris)
The Commune Council (french: conseil de la Commune), simply known as the Commune, was the government during the 72-day Paris Commune in 1871. Following elections on 26 March, the municipal council adopted the formal name Paris Commune in its first session, implying a more revolutionary intent. The council declared itself and its name on 28 March at the Hôtel de Ville as a celebratory event. Their first proclamation followed the next day, reminding citizens of their autonomy and warning of civil war. The Commune was supported by the vast majority of Parisians. The Central Committee of the National Guard recognized and relinquished power to the Commune, but continued to organize as the "guardian of the revolution". The two groups exercised a de facto ''De facto'' ( ; , "in fact") describes practices that exist in reality, whether or not they are officially recognized by laws or other formal norms. It is commonly used to refer to what happens in practice, in contrast with ''d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1st Arrondissement Of Paris
The 1st arrondissement of Paris (''Ier arrondissement'') is one of the 20 arrondissements of the capital city of France. In spoken French, this arrondissement is colloquially referred to as ''le premier'' (the first). It is governed locally together with the 2nd, 3rd and 4th arrondissement, with which it forms the 1st sector of Paris ( Paris-Centre). Also known as ''Louvre'', the arrondissement is situated principally on the right bank of the River Seine. It also includes the west end of the Île de la Cité. The locality is one of the oldest areas in Paris, the Île de la Cité having been the heart of the city of Lutetia, conquered by the Romans in 52 BC, while some parts on the right bank (including Les Halles) date back to the early Middle Ages. It is the least populated of the city's arrondissements and one of the smallest by area, with a land area of only 1.83 km2 (0.705 sq. miles, or 451 acres). A significant part of the area is occupied by the Louvre Museum and t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mairie
In local government, a city hall, town hall, civic centre (in the UK or Australia), guildhall, or a municipal building (in the Philippines), is the chief administrative building of a city, town, or other municipality. It usually houses the city or town council, its associated departments, and their employees. It also usually functions as the base of the mayor of a city, town, borough, county or shire, and of the executive arm of the municipality (if one exists distinctly from the council). By convention, until the middle of the 19th century, a single large open chamber (or "hall") formed an integral part of the building housing the council. The hall may be used for council meetings and other significant events. This large chamber, the "town hall" (and its later variant "city hall") has become synonymous with the whole building, and with the administrative body housed in it. The terms "council chambers", "municipal building" or variants may be used locally in preference t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul Antoine Brunel
Paul-Antoine Brunel (; 12 March 1830–1904) was a French general. He was a French lieutenant who became a leader of the Paris Commune during the Siege of Paris in 1870. He broke into Paris through the Prussian siege. Biography As the second lieutenant in the 4th Hunter regiment, he resigned from the Imperial Army in July 1864. During the Siege of Paris by the Germans (September 1870–March 1871), he took part in the Blanquist uprising of October 31, 1870, against the government of National Defense. On January 26, 1871, upon the announcement of the armistice with the Germans, he attempted to seize the forts in eastern Paris; he was arrested and sentenced to prison. He was released on February 26 by the National Guard. On March 18, 1871, at the start of the Parisian uprising against the government of Adolphe Thiers, he captured the Prince-Eugène barracks. On March 24, 1871, he led the attack against the town hall of the 1st arrondissement of Paris, in the company of Maxi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maxime Lisbonne
Maxime is a French given name that may refer to: As a name * Maxime Bernier (born 1963), former Canadian Minister of Foreign Affairs *Maxime Bôcher, American mathematician *Maxime Boyer, Canadian professional wrestler *Maxime Du Camp, French writer and photographer *Maxime Chaya, Lebanese explorer * Maxime Cressy, American tennis player *Maxime Dupé, French footballer * Maxime Faget, an inventor * Maxime Le Forestier, French singer *Maxime Médard, French Rugby Union player *Maxime Minot (born 1987), French politician * Maxime Monfort, Belgian racing cyclist *Maxime Partouche, French footballer, who currently plays for Paris Saint-Germain FC * Maxime Rodinson, French Marxist historian, sociologist and orientalist *Maxime Rodriguez, French composer * Maxime Talbot, Canadian ice hockey player, who currently plays for the Colorado Avalanche * Maxime Vachier-Lagrave, French chess Grandmaster *Maxime Verhagen, former Dutch Minister of Foreign Affairs * Maxime Weygand, French military ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hôtel De Ville, Paris
The Hôtel de Ville (, ''City Hall'') is the city hall of Paris, France, standing on the Place de l'Hôtel-de-Ville – Esplanade de la Libération in the 4th arrondissement. The south wing was originally constructed by François I beginning in 1535 until 1551. The north wing was built by Henry IV and Louis XIII between 1605 and 1628. It was burned by the Paris Commune, along with all the city archives that it contained, during the Commune's final days in May 1871. The outside was rebuilt following the original design, but larger, between 1874 and 1882, while the inside was considerably modified. It has been the headquarters of the municipality of Paris since 1357. It serves multiple functions, housing the local government council, since 1977 the Mayor of Paris and her cabinet, and also serves as a venue for large receptions. History The original building In July 1357, Étienne Marcel, provost of the merchants (i.e. mayor) of Paris, bought the so-called ''maison aux pilie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Of National Defence
The Government of National Defense (french: Gouvernement de la Défense nationale) was the first government of the Third Republic of France from 4 September 1870 to 13 February 1871 during the Franco-Prussian War. It was formed after the proclamation of the Republic in Paris on 4 September, which in turn followed the surrender and capture of Emperor Napoleon III by the Prussians at the Battle of Sedan. The government, headed by General Louis Jules Trochu, was under Prussian siege in Paris. Breakouts were attempted twice, but met with disaster and rising dissatisfaction of the public. In late January the government, having further enraged the population of Paris by crushing a revolutionary uprising, surrendered to the Prussians. Two weeks later, it was replaced by the new government of Adolphe Thiers, which soon passed a variety of financial laws in an attempt to pay reparations and thus oblige the Prussians to leave France, leading to the outbreak of revolutions in French citie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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