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English Translations Of The Qur'an
Following is a list of English translations of the Quran. The first translations were created in the 17th and 19th centuries by non-Muslims, but the majority of existing translations have been produced in the 20th and 21st centuries. The earliest known English translation is '' The Alcoran'' (1649) which is attributed to Alexander Ross, chaplain to King Charles I''.'' It was translated from the French translation, '' L'Alcoran de Mahomet'', by the Sieur du Ryer. ''The Koran, Commonly Called the Alcoran of Mohammed'' (1734) was the first scholarly translation of the Quran and was the most widely available English translation for 200 years and is still in print. George Sale based this two-volume translation on the Latin translation by Louis Maracci (1698). Thomas Jefferson had a copy of Sale's translation, now in the Library of Congress, that was used for House Representative Keith Ellison's oath of office ceremony on 3 January 2007. Muslims did not begin translating t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
17th Century In Literature
Events and trends * 1605–1615 – Miguel de Cervantes writes the two parts of ''Don Quixote''. * 1616: April – Death of both William Shakespeare and Miguel de Cervantes. * 1630-1651: William Bradford writes ''Of Plymouth Plantation'', journals that are considered the most authoritative account of the Pilgrims and their government. * 1660–1669 – Samuel Pepys writes his diary. * 1667–68 – Marianna Alcoforado writes her ''Letters of a Portuguese Nun''. * 1671–1696 – Madame de Sévigné writes her famous letters. * Metaphysical poets * German literature of the Baroque period New books and plays :1600 *''Hamlet, Prince of Denmark'' by William Shakespeare *''England's Helicon'' (anthology) – including work by Edmund Spenser, Michael Drayton, Thomas Lodge, Philip Sidney and others *'' Old Fortunatus'' – Thomas Dekker *''The Spanish Moor's Tragedy'' – Thomas Dekker, John Marston, and William Haughton :1601 *''Twelfth Night, or What You Will'' by William Shak ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
India
India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives; its Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand, Myanmar, and Indonesia. Modern humans arrived on the Indian subcontinent from Africa no later than 55,000 years ago., "Y-Chromosome and Mt-DNA data support the colonization of South Asia by modern humans originating in Africa. ... Coalescence dates for most non-European populations average to between 73–55 ka.", "Modern human beings—''Homo sapiens''—originated in Africa. Then, int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Bell (Arabist)
Richard Bell (1876 – 1952) was a British Arabist. He was lecturer in Arabic at the University of Edinburgh and also served as Minister of Newton Wamphray, a small country parish from 1907 to 1921. On returning to Edinburgh, he spent his remaining years at the university in the study of the Qur'an The Quran (, ; Standard Arabic: , Quranic Arabic: , , 'the recitation'), also romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a revelation from God. It is organized in 114 chapters (pl.: , sing. .... Between 1937 and 1939 he published a translation of the Qur'an, and in 1953 his ''Introduction to the Qur'an'' was published (revised in 1970 by W. Montgomery Watt). Both works have been influential in Quranic studies in the west. He was an early investigator of Christian influences on the development of Islam. Works *''The Qur'an. Translated, with a critical re-arrangement of the Surahs'' 2 vols, Edinburgh University Press, 1937 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clarendon Press
Oxford University Press (OUP) is the university press of the University of Oxford. It is the largest university press in the world, and its printing history dates back to the 1480s. Having been officially granted the legal right to print books by decree in 1586, it is the second oldest university press after Cambridge University Press. It is a department of the University of Oxford and is governed by a group of 15 academics known as the Delegates of the Press, who are appointed by the vice-chancellor of the University of Oxford. The Delegates of the Press are led by the Secretary to the Delegates, who serves as OUP's chief executive and as its major representative on other university bodies. Oxford University Press has had a similar governance structure since the 17th century. The press is located on Walton Street, Oxford, opposite Somerville College, in the inner suburb of Jericho. For the last 500 years, OUP has primarily focused on the publication of pedagogical texts and c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oxford
Oxford () is a city in England. It is the county town and only city of Oxfordshire. In 2020, its population was estimated at 151,584. It is north-west of London, south-east of Birmingham and north-east of Bristol. The city is home to the University of Oxford, the oldest university in the English-speaking world; it has buildings in every style of English architecture since late Anglo-Saxon. Oxford's industries include motor manufacturing, education, publishing, information technology and science. History The history of Oxford in England dates back to its original settlement in the Saxon period. Originally of strategic significance due to its controlling location on the upper reaches of the River Thames at its junction with the River Cherwell, the town grew in national importance during the early Norman period, and in the late 12th century became home to the fledgling University of Oxford. The city was besieged during The Anarchy in 1142. The university rose to dom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Medows Rodwell
John Medows Rodwell (1808–1900) was a friend of Charles Darwin while both matriculated at Cambridge. He became an English clergyman of the Church of England and an Islamic studies scholar. He served as Rector of St.Peter's, Saffron Hill, London 1836-43 and Rector of St Ethelburga's, Bishopsgate, London from 1843–1900. He and Darwin maintained a correspondence after their graduation. Qur'an translation Rodwell's Qur'an translation ''The Koran'' was first published in 1861. In the 1994 Everyman Library edition the Surahs, which Rodwell originally ordered chronologically, have been put back in the traditional order, from long to short. Rodwell's outdated preface and professor G. Margoliouth's introductory notes have been replaced by a new introduction by Alan Jones, and some of Rodwell's obsolete notes have been removed as well.Jones, Alan (ed.) (1994). ''The Koran''. Everyman Library. London, UK. . pp. ix-xx; xix-xxvii. According to Jones, when comparing with the Qur'an t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Sale
George Sale (1697–1736) was a British Orientalist scholar and practising solicitor, best known for his 1734 translation of the Quran into English. In 1748, after having read Sale's translation, Voltaire wrote his own essay "De l'Alcoran et de Mahomet" ("On the Quran and on Mohammed"). Sale was also author of ''The General Dictionary'', in ten volumes, folio. Biography Born in Canterbury, Kent, he was educated at the King's School, Canterbury, and in 1720 became a student of the Inner Temple. It is known that he trained as a solicitor in his early years but took time off from his legal pursuits, returning at need to his profession. Sale was an early member of the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge. Sale became seriously ill with fever for eight days before his death. George Sale died at Surrey Street, The Strand, London, on 13 November 1736. Sale was buried at St Clement Danes in London. His family consisted of a wife and five children. The Quran In 1734, S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sufism
Sufism ( ar, ''aṣ-ṣūfiyya''), also known as Tasawwuf ( ''at-taṣawwuf''), is a mystic body of religious practice, found mainly within Sunni Islam but also within Shia Islam, which is characterized by a focus on Islamic spirituality, ritualism, asceticism and esotericism. It has been variously defined as "Islamic mysticism",Martin Lings, ''What is Sufism?'' (Lahore: Suhail Academy, 2005; first imp. 1983, second imp. 1999), p.15 "the mystical expression of Islamic faith", "the inward dimension of Islam", "the phenomenon of mysticism within Islam", the "main manifestation and the most important and central crystallization" of mystical practice in Islam, and "the interiorization and intensification of Islamic faith and practice". Practitioners of Sufism are referred to as "Sufis" (from , ), and historically typically belonged to "orders" known as (pl. ) – congregations formed around a grand who would be the last in a chain of successive teachers linking back to Muham ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arthur Arberry
Arthur John Arberry (12 May 1905, in Portsmouth – 2 October 1969, in Cambridge) FBA was a British scholar of Arabic literature, Persian studies, and Islamic studies. He was educated at Portsmouth Grammar School and Pembroke College, Cambridge. His English translation of the Qur'an, ''The Koran Interpreted'', is popular amongst academics worldwide.The Koran: Interpreted - Oxford Islamic Studies Online Academic career Arberry served as Head of the Department of Classics at Cairo University in Egypt. He eventually returned home to become the Assistant Librarian at the Libr ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Koran Interpreted
''The Koran Interpreted'' is a translation of the Qur'an (the Islamic religious text) by Arthur John Arberry. The translation is from the original Arabic into English. First published in 1955, it is one of the most prominent written by a non-Muslim Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abrah ... scholar. The title acknowledges the orthodox Islamic view that the Qur'an cannot be translated, and can merely be interpreted.Khaleel Mohammed''Assessing English Translations of the Qur'an''/ref> Khaleel Mohammed writes that "the translation is without prejudice and is probably the best around," while M. A. S. Abdel Haleem, himself a translator of the Qur'an, writes that: :''Arberry shows great respect towards the language of the Qur'an, particularly its musical effects. His car ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nation Of Islam
The Nation of Islam (NOI) is a religious and political organization founded in the United States by Wallace Fard Muhammad in 1930. A black nationalist organization, the NOI focuses its attention on the African diaspora, especially on African Americans. While it identifies itself as promoting a form of Islam, its beliefs differ considerably from mainstream Islamic traditions. Scholars of religion characterize it as a new religious movement. It operates as a centralized and hierarchical organization. The Nation teaches that there has been a succession of mortal gods, each a black man named Allah, of whom Fard Muhammad is the most recent. It claims that the first Allah created the earliest humans, the Arabic-speaking, dark-skinned Tribe of Shabazz, whose members possessed inner divinity and from whom all people of color are descended. It maintains that a scientist named Yakub then created the white race. The whites lacked inner divinity, and were intrinsically violent; they o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wallace Fard Muhammad
Wallace Dodd Fard, also known as Wallace Fard Muhammad or Master Fard Muhammad (; reportedly born February 26, – disappeared ), was the founder of the Nation of Islam. He arrived in Detroit in 1930 with an obscure background and several aliases, and taught an idiosyncratic form of Islam to members of the city's African Americans, black population. In 1934, he disappeared from public record, and Elijah Muhammad succeeded him as leader of the Nation of Islam. Influence Fard Muhammad, acting as a door-to-door travelling salesman, spread his religious teachings throughout Detroit, and within three years grew the movement to a reported 8,000–9,000 members in Detroit, Chicago, and other cities. In 2007, the Nation of Islam had an estimated membership of 20,000–50,000. The annual Saviours' Day, Saviour's Day event is held in honor of Master Fard's birth. In 2020, it attracted an estimated 14,000 participants. Fard taught a form of black exceptionalism and self-pride to poor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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