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Empress Xiancheng
Empress Xiancheng (; 1005–1048), of the Yeli clan, was a Western Xia empress as the first empress of Emperor Jingzong. Life Family background Empress Xiancheng was a member of the prominent Yeli clan. Her brothers, Yeli Yuqi and Yeli Wangrong were eminent officials and generals of the reign of the Emperor Jingzong of Western Xia. Her distant relative, Yeli Renrong, devised Tangut script in 1036. First elder brother: Yeli Wangrong (野利旺荣, d. 1042), served as a generalissimus during the Western Xia-Song war and held a title of ''Ningling'' (寧令, Tangut: ; lit. "Grand Prince"). Second elder brother: Yeli Yuqi (野利遇乞, d.1042), served as a general from 1038 to 1042 and held a title of Grand Prince of Tiandu (天都大王) Sister-in-law: Empress Xuanmuhuiwen (宣穆惠文皇后沒藏氏, d.1056) Reign of emperor Jingzong It is not known when was lady Yeli born. Lady Yeli entered the harem of Li Yuanhao as early as in 1027. As early as in 1032, when Li Yuanha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Western Xia
The Western Xia or the Xi Xia (), officially the Great Xia (), also known as the Tangut Empire, and known as ''Mi-nyak''Stein (1972), pp. 70–71. to the Tanguts and Tibetans, was a Tangut-led Buddhist imperial dynasty of China that existed from 1038 to 1227. At its peak, the dynasty ruled over the modern-day northwestern Chinese provinces of Ningxia, Gansu, eastern Qinghai, northern Shaanxi, northeastern Xinjiang, and southwest Inner Mongolia, and southernmost Outer Mongolia, measuring about . Its capital was Xingqing (modern Yinchuan), until its destruction by the Mongols in 1227. Most of its written records and architecture were destroyed, so the founders and history of the empire remained obscure until 20th-century research in China and the West. The Western Xia occupied the area around the Hexi Corridor, a stretch of the Silk Road, the most important trade route between northern China and Central Asia. They made significant achievements in literature, art, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Jingzong Of Western Xia
Emperor Jingzong of Western Xia (1003–1048), born Li Yuanhao () or Tuoba Yuanhao (), also known as Zhao Yuanhao (趙元昊), Weiming Yuanhao (嵬名元昊) and Weiming Nangxiao (嵬名曩霄), was the founding emperor of the Western Xia dynasty of China, reigning from 1038 to 1048. He was the eldest son of the Tangut ruler Li Deming. Early background Yuanhao was born to Tuoba Weiming's consort, lady Weimu as "Weimai" (嵬埋). After his father died in 1032, he became the leader of the Tangut. He was described as a talented army general and had always wanted to establish a country for the Tanguts. Military campaigns Early in his leadership, Jingzong abolished the surname Zhao which had been given by the Song dynasty, replacing it with the surname Weiming (Chinese: 嵬名, Tangut: ). He had also started a revolution, changing the lifestyles of the Tangut people. He ordered Tangut men to shave their heads or they would face public execution. He also ordered a change of clot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shen Kuo
Shen Kuo (; 1031–1095) or Shen Gua, courtesy name Cunzhong (存中) and pseudonym Mengqi (now usually given as Mengxi) Weng (夢溪翁),Yao (2003), 544. was a Chinese polymathic scientist and statesman of the Song dynasty (960–1279). Shen was a master in many fields of study including mathematics, optics, and horology. In his career as a civil servant, he became a finance minister, governmental state inspector, head official for the Bureau of Astronomy in the Song court, Assistant Minister of Imperial Hospitality, and also served as an academic chancellor.Needham (1986), Volume 4, Part 2, 33. At court his political allegiance was to the Reformist faction known as the New Policies Group, headed by Chancellor Wang Anshi (1021–1085). In his ''Dream Pool Essays'' or ''Dream Torrent Essays'' (; ''Mengxi Bitan'') of 1088, Shen was the first to describe the magnetic needle compass, which would be used for navigation (first described in Europe by Alexander Neckam in 1187).Bowma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dream Pool Essays
''The Dream Pool Essays'' (or ''Dream Torrent Essays'') was an extensive book written by the Chinese polymath and statesman Shen Kuo (1031–1095), published in 1088 during the Song dynasty (960–1279) of China. Shen compiled this encyclopedic work while living in forced retirement from government office, naming the book after his private estate near modern Zhenjiang, Jiangsu province. The ''Dream Pool Essays'' was heavily reorganized in reprint editions by later Chinese authors from the late 11th to 17th centuries. In modern times it has been translated from Chinese into several languages. These include English, German, French, and Japanese translations. The ''Dream Pool Essays'' covers a range of topics including discoveries and advancements in Traditional Chinese medicine, mathematics, astronomy, science and technology, optics, architecture and civil engineering, metallurgy, and early archaeology. Observations of the natural world included those of wildlife, meteorolog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lady Mozang
Lady Mozang (died 1056), posthumous name Empress Xuanmu Huiwen (), was a consort of Emperor Jingzong of Western Xia. She was regent of Western Xia during the minority of her son Emperor Yizong of Western Xia in 1048 from 1056. Life Family background Lady Mozang was born into a prominent Tangut Mozang clan. Elder brother: Mozang Epang (没藏讹庞; d.1061), has served as great advisor (大师) since 1046 Paternal niece: Empress Mozang (皇后没藏氏; d.1061), daughter of Mozang Epang, empress of the Emperor Yizong of Western Xia During the reign of Emperor Jingzong It is not known when was Lady Mozang born nor when did she enter the imperial palace. Lady Mozang was known to be a gorgeous beauty and remarkable woman. Before entering the harem of Li Yuanhao, Lady Mozang had been a wife of Yeli Yuqi (野利遇乞), an elder brother of Empress Xiancheng. In 1047, Empress Xiancheng, lady Yeli, was demoted to a commoner and turned to nunnery due to her machinations. She h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bigu (grain Avoidance)
''Bigu'' () is a Daoist fasting technique associated with achieving ''xian'' "transcendence; immortality". Grain avoidance is related to multifaceted Chinese cultural beliefs. For instance, ''bigu'' fasting was the common medical cure for expelling the ''sanshi'' "Three Corpses", the malevolent, grain-eating spirits that live in the human body (along with the hun and po souls), report their host's sins to heaven every 60 days, and carry out punishments of sickness and early death. Avoiding "grains" has been diversely interpreted to mean not eating particular foodstuffs (food grain, cereal, the Five Grains, ''wugu'', or staple food), or not eating any food (inedia). In the historical context of traditional Chinese culture within which the concept of ''bigu'' developed, there was great symbolic importance connected with the five grains and their importance in sustaining human life, exemplified in various myths and legends from ancient China and throughout subsequent history. The conc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ningling Ge
Ningling Ge ( or ; 1032–1048) was a crown prince of the Western Xia dynasty and the fourth son of the Emperor Jingzong, the founding monarch. Ningling Ge was a member of Tangut Weiming (嵬名) clan. "Ningling" (寧令, Tangut: ) was his Tangut title, which meant "Grand Prince", while "Ge" (哥) was his personal name. Life Ge was born in 1032 to empress Yeli. He had also one elder brother, Ning Ming (寧明, "Prince Ming") and one younger brother, Xili (錫狸). In 1042, Ge's elder brother Ning Ming was murdered by Yuanhao for confessing taoism. Another brother, Xili, died prematurely. Anxious about subsequent deaths of the princes, Emperor Jingzong appointed Ge as Crown Prince. Ge was favoured by his father for his talents, force and beautiful appearance. Yuanhao had high hopes for his son, henceforth prepared him for the succession. However, Ge presented rather pacifism and did not support aggressive and highly expensive foreign policy. Yuanhao once took his son on the ba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mozang Epang
Mozang Epang (, d. 1061) was an ethnic Tangut statesman and chancellor of the Western Xia dynasty of China during the reign of the Emperor Jingzong and Emperor Yizong. Life Family background Mozang Epang was a member of the Tangut prominent Mozang clan. Due to marriages of his female family members, Epang was closely related to the ruling Weiming (Li) clan. Younger sister: Empress Xuanmu Huiwen (宣穆惠文皇后; d.1056), wife of the Emperor Jingzong of Western Xia Daughter: Empress Mozang, wife of the Emperor Yizong of Western Xia. Reign of the Emperor Jingzong The exact date of birth of Mozang Epang is not known. Mozang Epang rose to power during the Tianshoulifayanzuo era (天授理法延祚). When Crown Prince Ningming died of illness, Mozang Epang presented the candidature of Prince Ningling Ge (寧令哥 or 寧林格, lit. "Grand Prince Ge") as the heir apparent. In 1046, Mozang Epang was bestowed a title of Great Advisor (大師), which was equivalent to Prim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Western Xia Empresses
Western may refer to: Places *Western, Nebraska, a village in the US *Western, New York, a town in the US *Western Creek, Tasmania, a locality in Australia *Western Junction, Tasmania, a locality in Australia *Western world, countries that identify with shared "Western" culture Arts and entertainment Films * ''Western'' (1997 film), a French road movie directed by Manuel Poirier * ''Western'' (2017 film), a German-Austrian film Genres *Western (genre), a category of fiction and visual art centered on the American Old West **Western fiction, the Western genre as featured in literature **Western music (North America), a type of American folk music Music * ''Westerns'' (EP), an EP by Pete Yorn *WSTRN, a British hip hop group from west London Business *The Western, a closed hotel/casino in Las Vegas, United States *Western Cartridge Company, a manufacturer of ammunition *Western Publishing, a defunct publishing company Educational institutions *Western Washington University i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1005 Births
1 (one, unit, unity) is a number representing a single or the only entity. 1 is also a numerical digit and represents a single unit of counting or measurement. For example, a line segment of ''unit length'' is a line segment of length 1. In conventions of sign where zero is considered neither positive nor negative, 1 is the first and smallest positive integer. It is also sometimes considered the first of the infinite sequence of natural numbers, followed by 2, although by other definitions 1 is the second natural number, following 0. The fundamental mathematical property of 1 is to be a multiplicative identity, meaning that any number multiplied by 1 equals the same number. Most if not all properties of 1 can be deduced from this. In advanced mathematics, a multiplicative identity is often denoted 1, even if it is not a number. 1 is by convention not considered a prime number; this was not universally accepted until the mid-20th century. Additionally, 1 is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1048 Deaths
1 (one, unit, unity) is a number representing a single or the only entity. 1 is also a numerical digit and represents a single unit of counting or measurement. For example, a line segment of ''unit length'' is a line segment of length 1. In conventions of sign where zero is considered neither positive nor negative, 1 is the first and smallest positive integer. It is also sometimes considered the first of the infinite sequence of natural numbers, followed by 2, although by other definitions 1 is the second natural number, following 0. The fundamental mathematical property of 1 is to be a multiplicative identity, meaning that any number multiplied by 1 equals the same number. Most if not all properties of 1 can be deduced from this. In advanced mathematics, a multiplicative identity is often denoted 1, even if it is not a number. 1 is by convention not considered a prime number; this was not universally accepted until the mid-20th century. Additionally, 1 is the s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
