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Elleipsisoma
Elleipsisoma is a genus of parasites within the phylum Apicomplexia. History This parasite was described in 1912 by Franca. This genus may have been described earlier by Graham-Smith The type species is ''Elleipsisoma thomsoni'' Hosts This parasite infects the European mole (''Talpa europaea''). It is most commonly found in the heart and lungs. It may occasionally be found in the kidneys, liver and spleen. Geographical distribution This parasite is found in the United Kingdom. Description Parasitized red cells were larger than normal mature erythrocytes Electron microscopic studies have shown the presence of rhoptries, micronemes, polar ring, microtubules and a conoid. Vectors Possible vectors include the mites ''Eulaelaps stabularis ''Eulaelaps'' is a genus of mites in the family Haemogamasidae. Species * '' Eulaelaps arboricola'' Uchikawa, 1978 * '' Eulaelaps dremomydis'' Gu & Wang, 1984 * '' Eulaelaps feideri'' (Fain, 1962) * '' Eulaelaps heptacanthus'' Yang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elleipsisoma Talpae
Elleipsisoma is a genus of parasites within the phylum Apicomplexia. History This parasite was described in 1912 by Franca. This genus may have been described earlier by Graham-Smith The type species is ''Elleipsisoma thomsoni'' Hosts This parasite infects the European mole (''Talpa europaea''). It is most commonly found in the heart and lungs. It may occasionally be found in the kidneys, liver and spleen. Geographical distribution This parasite is found in the United Kingdom. Description Parasitized red cells were larger than normal mature erythrocytes Electron microscopic studies have shown the presence of rhoptries, micronemes, polar ring, microtubules and a conoid. Vectors Possible vectors include the mites ''Eulaelaps stabularis ''Eulaelaps'' is a genus of mites in the family Haemogamasidae. Species * '' Eulaelaps arboricola'' Uchikawa, 1978 * '' Eulaelaps dremomydis'' Gu & Wang, 1984 * '' Eulaelaps feideri'' (Fain, 1962) * '' Eulaelaps heptacanthus'' Yang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elleipsisoma Thomsoni
Elleipsisoma is a genus of parasites within the phylum Apicomplexia. History This parasite was described in 1912 by Franca. This genus may have been described earlier by Graham-Smith The type species is ''Elleipsisoma thomsoni'' Hosts This parasite infects the European mole (''Talpa europaea''). It is most commonly found in the heart and lungs. It may occasionally be found in the kidneys, liver and spleen. Geographical distribution This parasite is found in the United Kingdom. Description Parasitized red cells were larger than normal mature erythrocytes Electron microscopic studies have shown the presence of rhoptries, micronemes, polar ring, microtubules and a conoid. Vectors Possible vectors include the mites ''Eulaelaps stabularis ''Eulaelaps'' is a genus of mites in the family Haemogamasidae. Species * '' Eulaelaps arboricola'' Uchikawa, 1978 * '' Eulaelaps dremomydis'' Gu & Wang, 1984 * '' Eulaelaps feideri'' (Fain, 1962) * '' Eulaelaps heptacanthus'' Yang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eimeriorina
Eimeriorina is a suborder of phylum Apicomplexa. All species in this clade are homoxenous or facultatively homoxenous. Merogony, gamogony and oocyst formation all occur within the same host. The hosts may be vertebrates or invertebrates. Erroneous identifications of species is a major problem in coccidian systematics and it is likely that some of the genera and species will be revised. Taxonomy There are 12 families, 2 subfamilies and 50 genera recognised in this suborder. The genus ''Eimeria'' with ~1500 species is the largest genus in this suborder. Notes One genus is entirely entomoxenous (parasitic on insects) — '' Barrouxia''. The taxonomic status of ''Atoxoplasma ''Atoxoplasma'' is a genus of parasitic alveolates in the phylum Apicomplexa. The species in this genus infect birds. They are spread by the orofaecal route. History This genus was created by Garnham in 1950. The history of this genus has been ...'' remains unclear. References Conoidasida SAR ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eucoccidiorida
The Eucoccidiorida are an order of microscopic, spore-forming, single-celled parasites belonging to the apicomplexan class Conoidasida. Protozoans of this order include parasites of humans, and both domesticated and wild animals including birds. Among these parasites are the ''Toxoplasma gondii'' that cause toxoplasmosis and ''Isospora belli'', which results in isosporiasis. Definition This is the largest order in the class Conoidasida and contains those species that all undergo merogony (asexual), gametogony (sexual) and sporogony (spore formation) during their lifecycles. Genera Nineteen families, three subfamilies, and 70 genera are recognised in this order. The genera include: '' Adelea'', '' Adelina'', ''Aggregata'', '' Alveocystis'', ''Atoxoplasma'', ''Babesiosoma'', '' Barrouxia'', '' Bartazoon'', '' Besnoitia'', ''Calyptospora'', '' Caryospora'', '' Caryotropha'', '' Chagasella'', ''Choleoeimeria'', ''Cryptosporidium'', '' Crystallospora'', ''Cyclospora'', '' Cyrilia'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eukaryota
Eukaryotes () are organisms whose Cell (biology), cells have a cell nucleus, nucleus. All animals, plants, fungi, and many unicellular organisms, are Eukaryotes. They belong to the group of organisms Eukaryota or Eukarya, which is one of the Three-domain system, three domains of life. Bacteria and Archaea (both prokaryotes) make up the other two domains. The eukaryotes are usually now regarded as having emerged in the Archaea or as a sister of the Asgard (archaea), Asgard archaea. This implies that there are only Two-domain system, two domains of life, Bacteria and Archaea, with eukaryotes incorporated among archaea. Eukaryotes represent a small minority of the number of organisms, but, due to their generally much larger size, their collective global biomass (ecology), biomass is estimated to be about equal to that of prokaryotes. Eukaryotes emerged approximately 2.3–1.8 billion years ago, during the Proterozoic eon, likely as Flagellated cell, flagellated phagotrophs. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kidney
The kidneys are two reddish-brown bean-shaped organs found in vertebrates. They are located on the left and right in the retroperitoneal space, and in adult humans are about in length. They receive blood from the paired renal arteries; blood exits into the paired renal veins. Each kidney is attached to a ureter, a tube that carries excreted urine to the bladder. The kidney participates in the control of the volume of various body fluids, fluid osmolality, acid–base balance, various electrolyte concentrations, and removal of toxins. Filtration occurs in the glomerulus: one-fifth of the blood volume that enters the kidneys is filtered. Examples of substances reabsorbed are solute-free water, sodium, bicarbonate, glucose, and amino acids. Examples of substances secreted are hydrogen, ammonium, potassium and uric acid. The nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney. Each adult human kidney contains around 1 million nephrons, while a mouse kidney contains on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haemogamasus
''Haemogamasus'' is a genus of mites in the family Haemogamasidae. In North America, they mostly infect rodents, in addition to other small mammals such as shrews, talpids, and Virginia opossums. An unidentified immature ''Haemogamasus'' has been found on the marsh rice rat (''Oryzomys palustris'') in Georgia. Species * '' Haemogamasus ambulans'' * '' Haemogamasus angustus'' Ma, Ye & Zhang, 1996 * '' Haemogamasus arvicolarum'' Berlese, 1920 * '' Haemogamasus bascanus'' Senotrusova, 1985 * '' Haemogamasus cucurbitoides'' Wang & Pan, in Wang, Pan & Yan 1994 * '' Haemogamasus daliensis'' Tian, 1990 * '' Haemogamasus dauricus'' Bregetova * '' Haemogamasus dimini'' Senotrusova, 1987 * '' Haemogamasus dorsalis'' Teng & Pan * '' Haemogamasus emeiensis'' Zhou, 1981 * '' Haemogamasus ghanii'' Williams, in Williams, Smiley & Redington 1978Whitaker et al., 2007, p. 18 * '' Haemogamasus gongshanensis'' Tian & Gu, 1989 * '' Haemogamasus gui'' Tian, 1990 * '' Haemogamasus harperi''Wilso ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eulaelaps
''Eulaelaps'' is a genus of mites in the family Haemogamasidae. Species * '' Eulaelaps arboricola'' Uchikawa, 1978 * '' Eulaelaps dremomydis'' Gu & Wang, 1984 * '' Eulaelaps feideri'' (Fain, 1962) * '' Eulaelaps heptacanthus'' Yang & Gu, 1985 * '' Eulaelaps herbosalis'' Uchikawa, 1978 * '' Eulaelaps hirundinis'' Uchikawa, 1978 * ''Eulaelaps huzhuensis'' Yang & Gu, 1985 * '' Eulaelaps linggangis'' Wen & Yan, 1985 * ''Eulaelaps multisetatus'' Takada, Fujita & Takahashi, 1977 * ''Eulaelaps onoi'' Takada, Fujita & Takahashi, 1977 * ''Eulaelaps oudemansi'' Turk, 1945 * ''Eulaelaps petauristae'' Liu & Ma, 1998 * ''Eulaelaps pratentis'' Zhou, 1981 * ''Eulaelaps silvaticus'' Uchikawa, 1978 * ''Eulaelaps silvestris'' Zhou, 1981 * ''Eulaelaps sinensis'' Tian, 1990 * ''Eulaelaps stabularis'' (C.L.Koch, 1839) * ''Eulaelaps substabularis'' Yang & Gu, 1986 * ''Eulaelaps vulgaris ''Eulaelaps'' is a genus of mite Mites are small arachnids (eight-legged arthropods). Mites span two large ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mite
Mites are small arachnids (eight-legged arthropods). Mites span two large orders of arachnids, the Acariformes and the Parasitiformes, which were historically grouped together in the subclass Acari, but genetic analysis does not show clear evidence of a close relationship. Most mites are tiny, less than in length, and have a simple, unsegmented body plan. The small size of most species makes them easily overlooked; some species live in water, many live in soil as decomposers, others live on plants, sometimes creating galls, while others again are Predation, predators or Parasitism, parasites. This last type includes the commercially destructive ''Varroa'' parasite of honey bees, as well as scabies mites of humans. Most species are harmless to humans, but a few are associated with allergies or may transmit diseases. The scientific discipline devoted to the study of mites is called acarology. Evolution and taxonomy The mites are not a defined taxon, but is used for two disti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conoid
In geometry a conoid () is a ruled surface, whose rulings (lines) fulfill the additional conditions: :(1) All rulings are parallel to a plane, the '' directrix plane''. :(2) All rulings intersect a fixed line, the ''axis''. The conoid is a right conoid if its axis is perpendicular to its directrix plane. Hence all rulings are perpendicular to the axis. Because of (1) any conoid is a Catalan surface and can be represented parametrically by :\mathbf x(u,v)= \mathbf c(u) + v\mathbf r(u)\ Any curve with fixed parameter is a ruling, describes the ''directrix'' and the vectors are all parallel to the directrix plane. The planarity of the vectors can be represented by :\det(\mathbf r,\mathbf \dot r,\mathbf \ddot r)=0 . If the directrix is a circle, the conoid is called a circular conoid. The term ''conoid'' was already used by Archimedes in his treatise '' On Conoids and Spheroides''. Examples Right circular conoid The parametric representation : \mathbf x(u,v)=(\cos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Microtubule
Microtubules are polymers of tubulin that form part of the cytoskeleton and provide structure and shape to eukaryotic cells. Microtubules can be as long as 50 micrometres, as wide as 23 to 27 nm and have an inner diameter between 11 and 15 nm. They are formed by the polymerization of a dimer of two globular proteins, alpha and beta tubulin into protofilaments that can then associate laterally to form a hollow tube, the microtubule. The most common form of a microtubule consists of 13 protofilaments in the tubular arrangement. Microtubules play an important role in a number of cellular processes. They are involved in maintaining the structure of the cell and, together with microfilaments and intermediate filaments, they form the cytoskeleton. They also make up the internal structure of cilia and flagella. They provide platforms for intracellular transport and are involved in a variety of cellular processes, including the movement of secretory vesicles, organell ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Microneme
Micronemes are secretory organelles, possessed by parasitic apicomplexans. Micronemes are located on the apical third of the protozoan body. They are surrounded by a typical unit membrane. On electron microscopy they have an electron-dense matrix due to the high protein content. They are specialized secretory organelles important for host-cell invasion and gliding motility. These organelles secrete several proteins such as the ''Plasmodium falciparum'' apical membrane antigen-1, or PfAMA1, and Erythrocyte family antigen, or EBA, family proteins. These proteins specialize in binding to erythrocyte surface receptors and facilitating erythrocyte entry. Only by this initial chemical exchange can the parasite enter into the erythrocyte via actin-myosin motor complex. It has been posited that this organelle works cooperatively with its counterpart organelle, the rhoptry, which also is a secretory organelle. It is possible that, while the microneme initiates erythrocyte-binding, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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