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El Juramento (zarzuela)
El juramento (Spanish for ''The Oath'') is a 3-act zarzuela by Joaquín Gaztambide for libretto by Luis de Olona. Its central character (the Marquis) is taken from a French operetta ''La Rose de Peronne'' by Eugène Scribe and Adolphe Adam (1840), but the new work is entirely original. It was first staged on 20 December 1858 at the Teatro de la Zarzuela.This date is printed on the title page of the 1858 libretto edition. It is thought to be among Gaztambide's best compositions and one of the most important scores in the history of zarzuela. The first modern performance took place in 2000 in Madrid Teatro de la Zarzuela. Roles Musical numbers ;Act I :No. 1. Prelude and introduction. ''¡Ellos son!, ¡ellos son!'' (María, the Count, Sebastián, chorus of countrymen) :No. 2. Chorus ''¡Torpe! Señora, ¡sosegaos!'' (the Baroness, chorus of countrymen) :No. 2 bis. Cavatina. El arroyo, la enramada (the Baroness, chorus of countrymen) :No. 3. María's romance. ''¡Ah! Yo me vi en e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zarzuela
() is a Spanish lyric-dramatic genre that alternates between spoken and sung scenes, the latter incorporating operatic and popular songs, as well as dance. The etymology of the name is uncertain, but some propose it may derive from the name of a royal hunting lodge, the Palace of Zarzuela, near Madrid, where that type of entertainment was allegedly first presented to the court. The palace in turn was named after the brambles () that grew there. There are two main forms of ''zarzuela'': Baroque ''zarzuela'' (c. 1630–1750), the earliest style, and Romantic ''zarzuela'' (c. 1850–1950). Romantic zarzuelas can be further divided into two main subgenres, ''género grande'' and ''género chico'', although other sub-divisions exist. ''Zarzuela'' spread to the Spanish dominions, and many Spanish-speaking countries – notably Cuba – developed their own traditions. ''Zarzuela'' is also a strong tradition in the Philippines, where it is also referred to in certain ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francisco Salas
Francisco Lleroa y Salas (Albaicín, Province of Granada, 12 March 1812 – Madrid, 21 June 1875) was a Spanish classical opera singer (bass-baritone), one of the crucial figures in the revival of the zarzuela genre. Biography Early years Francisco Salas was born in Albaicín during its siege by the French. His father died the same year he was born. Thus, the boy had to work hard from early age. A famous tenor Lorenzo Valencia from Madrid came to Granada to sing in some operas, especially those by Rossini. He became Salas's first teacher and protector. In 1829 they went to Madrid, where the seventeen-year-old entered the choir of ''Teatro de la Cruz''. There he studied with José Reart and tenor José Valero. In October 1831 Salas made his soloist debut substituting the bass protagonist in ''I fidanzati, ossia Il contestabile di Chester'' by Pacini, and had success. From this moment he left the choir to perform "partiquinos y suplementos", and already in 1833 his name opened the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Libretti By Luis De Olona
A libretto (Italian for "booklet") is the text used in, or intended for, an extended musical work such as an opera, operetta, masque, oratorio, cantata or musical. The term ''libretto'' is also sometimes used to refer to the text of major liturgical works, such as the Mass, requiem and sacred cantata, or the story line of a ballet. ''Libretto'' (; plural ''libretti'' ), from Italian, is the diminutive of the word ''libro'' ("book"). Sometimes other-language equivalents are used for libretti in that language, ''livret'' for French works, ''Textbuch'' for German and ''libreto'' for Spanish. A libretto is distinct from a synopsis or scenario of the plot, in that the libretto contains all the words and stage directions, while a synopsis summarizes the plot. Some ballet historians also use the word ''libretto'' to refer to the 15 to 40 page books which were on sale to 19th century ballet audiences in Paris and contained a very detailed description of the ballet's story, scene by sce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Operas By Joaquín Gaztambide
Opera is a form of theatre in which music is a fundamental component and dramatic roles are taken by Singing, singers. Such a "work" (the literal translation of the Italian word "opera") is typically a collaboration between a composer and a libretto, librettist and incorporates a number of the performing arts, such as acting, Theatrical scenery, scenery, costume, and sometimes dance or ballet. The performance is typically given in an opera house, accompanied by an orchestra or smaller musical ensemble, which since the early 19th century has been led by a conducting, conductor. Although musical theatre is closely related to opera, the two are considered to be distinct from one another. Opera is a key part of the Western culture#Music, Western classical music tradition. Originally understood as an entirely sung piece, in contrast to a play with songs, opera has come to include :Opera genres, numerous genres, including some that include spoken dialogue such as ''Singspiel'' and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zarzuelas
() is a Spanish lyric-dramatic genre that alternates between spoken and sung scenes, the latter incorporating operatic and popular songs, as well as dance. The etymology of the name is uncertain, but some propose it may derive from the name of a royal hunting lodge, the Palace of Zarzuela, near Madrid, where that type of entertainment was allegedly first presented to the court. The palace in turn was named after the brambles () that grew there. There are two main forms of ''zarzuela'': Baroque ''zarzuela'' (c. 1630–1750), the earliest style, and Romantic ''zarzuela'' (c. 1850–1950). Romantic zarzuelas can be further divided into two main subgenres, ''género grande'' and ''género chico'', although other sub-divisions exist. ''Zarzuela'' spread to the Spanish dominions, and many Spanish-speaking countries – notably Cuba – developed their own traditions. ''Zarzuela'' is also a strong tradition in the Philippines, where it is also referred to in certain ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1858 Operas
Events January–March * January – **Benito Juárez (1806–1872) becomes Liberal President of Mexico. At the same time, conservatives install Félix María Zuloaga (1813–1898) as president. **William I of Prussia becomes regent for his brother, Frederick William IV, who had suffered a stroke. * January 9 ** British forces finally defeat Rajab Ali Khan of Chittagong ** Anson Jones, the last president of the Republic of Texas, commits suicide. * January 14 – Orsini affair: Felice Orsini and his accomplices fail to assassinate Napoleon III in Paris, but their bombs kill eight and wound 142 people. Because of the involvement of French émigrés living in Britain, there is a brief anti-British feeling in France, but the emperor refuses to support it. * January 25 – The ''Wedding March'' by Felix Mendelssohn becomes a popular wedding recessional, after it is played on this day at the marriage of Queen Victoria's daughter Victoria, Princess Royal, to Prince ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish-language Operas
Spanish ( or , Castilian) is a Romance language of the Indo-European language family that evolved from colloquial Latin spoken on the Iberian peninsula. Today, it is a global language with more than 500 million native speakers, mainly in the Americas and Spain. Spanish is the official language of 20 countries. It is the world's second-most spoken native language after Mandarin Chinese; the world's fourth-most spoken language overall after English, Mandarin Chinese, and Hindustani (Hindi-Urdu); and the world's most widely spoken Romance language. The largest population of native speakers is in Mexico. Spanish is part of the Ibero-Romance group of languages, which evolved from several dialects of Vulgar Latin in Iberia after the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century. The oldest Latin texts with traces of Spanish come from mid-northern Iberia in the 9th century, and the first systematic written use of the language happened in Toledo, a prominent city of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brindisi (music)
A ' (; Italian for "toast") is a song in which a company is exhorted to drink, a drinking song. The word is Italian, but it derives from an old German phrase, ' – "(I) offer it to you", which at one time was used to introduce a toast.O. Pianigiani, ''Vocabolario Etimologico della Lingua Italiana'', s.v.br>''brindisi'' See also OED, s.v. ''brendice''. The transformation of that phrase into the current Italian word may have been influenced by similar-sounding name of the Italian city of Brindisi, but otherwise the city and the term are etymologically unrelated. The term ''brindisi'' is often used in opera. Typically, in an operatic ', one character introduces a toast with a solo melody and the full ensemble later joins in the refrain. Some well-known operatic numbers labeled ' are: * "Cantiamo, facciam brindisi", chorus in Gaetano Donizetti's ''L'Elisir d'Amore'' * "Libiamo ne' lieti calici", sung by Alfredo and Violetta in act 1 of Verdi's ''La traviata'' * "Viva, il vino spumeg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tenor
A tenor is a type of classical music, classical male singing human voice, voice whose vocal range lies between the countertenor and baritone voice types. It is the highest male chest voice type. The tenor's vocal range extends up to C5. The low extreme for tenors is widely defined to be B2, though some roles include an A2 (two As below middle C). At the highest extreme, some tenors can sing up to the second F above middle C (F5). The tenor voice type is generally divided into the ''leggero'' tenor, lyric tenor, spinto tenor, dramatic tenor, heldentenor, and tenor buffo or . History The name "tenor" derives from the Latin word ''wikt:teneo#Latin, tenere'', which means "to hold". As Fallows, Jander, Forbes, Steane, Harris and Waldman note in the "Tenor" article at ''Grove Music Online'': In polyphony between about 1250 and 1500, the [tenor was the] structurally fundamental (or 'holding') voice, vocal or instrumental; by the 15th century it came to signify the male voice that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bass (voice Type)
A bass is a type of classical male singing voice and has the lowest vocal range of all voice types. According to ''The New Grove Dictionary of Opera'', a bass is typically classified as having a vocal range extending from around the second E below middle C to the E above middle C (i.e., E2–E4).; ''The Oxford Dictionary of Music'' gives E2–E4/F4 Its tessitura, or comfortable range, is normally defined by the outermost lines of the bass clef. Categories of bass voices vary according to national style and classification system. Italians favour subdividing basses into the ''basso cantante'' (singing bass), ''basso buffo'' ("funny" bass), or the dramatic ''basso profondo'' (low bass). The American system identifies the bass-baritone, comic bass, lyric bass, and dramatic bass. The German ''Fach'' system offers further distinctions: Spielbass (Bassbuffo), Schwerer Spielbass (Schwerer Bassbuffo), Charakterbass (Bassbariton), and Seriöser Bass. These classification systems can ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joaquín Gaztambide
Joaquín Romualdo Gaztambide y Garbayo (Tudela, Navarre, 7 February 1822 – Madrid, 18 March 1870) was one of the most prominent Spanish composers of zarzuela in the mid-nineteenth century. His contribution to the revival of the genre was highly significant; and although during the last century his work virtually disappeared from the Spanish musical scene, the early 21st century has reversed this trend. Of Italianate quality in the manner of Gaetano Donizetti, his music nonetheless makes use of Spanish rhythms and dance forms. Among other renowned works (many in opéra comique form), his ''La Mensajera'' (1849), ''El valle de Andorra'' (1851), ''El sueño de una noche de verano'', ''Catalina'' (1854), ''Los magiares'' (1857), ''El juramento'' (1858), and the one-act classic '' Una vieja'' (1860) stand out. Biography Sent to Pamplona by his uncle to study piano and composition with Joseph Guelbenzu and Mariano Garcia, Gaztambide taught piano and played bass in the orchestra o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baritone
A baritone is a type of classical male singing voice whose vocal range lies between the bass and the tenor voice-types. The term originates from the Greek (), meaning "heavy sounding". Composers typically write music for this voice in the range from the second F below middle C to the F above middle C (i.e. F2–F4) in choral music, and from the second A below middle C to the A above middle C (A2 to A4) in operatic music, but the range can extend at either end. Subtypes of baritone include the baryton-Martin baritone (light baritone), lyric baritone, ''Kavalierbariton'', Verdi baritone, dramatic baritone, ''baryton-noble'' baritone, and the bass-baritone. History The first use of the term "baritone" emerged as ''baritonans'', late in the 15th century, usually in French sacred polyphonic music. At this early stage it was frequently used as the lowest of the voices (including the bass), but in 17th-century Italy the term was all-encompassing and used to describe the averag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
