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Egyptian Intelligence Service
The General Intelligence Service ( ar, جهاز المخابرات العامة ; GIS), often referred to as the Mukhabarat ( ar, المخابرات ) is an Egyptian intelligence agency responsible for providing national security Intelligence assessment, intelligence, both domestically and internationally.Sullivan and Jones (2008): 33 The GIS is part of the Egyptian intelligence community, together with the Office of Military intelligence and reconnaissance (Egypt), Military Intelligence Services and Reconnaissance ( ar, إدارة المخابرات الحربية والاستطلاع ) and National Security Agency (Egypt), National Security Agency ( ar, قطاع الأمن الوطني ). The Egyptian Intelligence service is considered to be the 5th most active intelligence service globally. History The decision to set up an Egyptian intelligence service was taken following the Egyptian Revolution of 1952, when Egypt was under increased threat from foreign adversaries, such as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Of Egypt
The politics of Egypt are based on republicanism, with a semi-presidential system of government. The current political system was established following the 2013 Egyptian military coup d'état, and the takeover of President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi. In the current system, the President is elected for a six-year term. He can appoint up to 5 percent of the parliament. Furthermore, the President has the power to dissolve Parliament through Article 137. The Parliament of Egypt is the oldest legislative chamber in Africa and the Middle East. The unicameral Parliament has the ability to impeach the President through Article 161. With 2020 elections to the new Senate, the chamber became bicameral. Presidency The position was created after the Egyptian Revolution of 1952; Mohammed Naguib was the first to hold the position. Before 2005, the Parliament chose a candidate for the presidency and the people voted, in a referendum, whether or not they approved the proposed candidate for president ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Omar Suleiman (politician)
Omar Mahmoud Suleiman ( ar, عمر محمود سليمان, ; 2 July 1936 – 19 July 2012) was an Egyptian army general, politician, diplomat, and intelligence officer. A leading figure in Egypt's intelligence system beginning in 1986, Suleiman was appointed to the long-vacant vice presidency by President Hosni Mubarak on 29 January 2011. On 11 February 2011, Suleiman announced Mubarak's resignation and ceased being vice president; governing power was transferred to the Armed Forces Supreme Council, of which Suleiman was not a member. A new head of intelligence services was appointed by the ruling Supreme Council. Suleiman withdrew from the political scene and did not appear in public after announcing Mubarak's resignation. Millions of Egyptian citizens involved in the Egyptian Revolution of 2011 opposed Suleiman or Mubarak remaining in power without elections taking place. Human rights groups tied Suleiman's career to a regime marked by widespread human rights abuses, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eitan Haber
Eitan Haber ( he, איתן הבר; 12 March 1940 – 7 October 2020) was an Israeli journalist and publicist, known for his writing on military and security issues, and for his longtime association with the late Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin. Biography Eitan Haber was born in Tel Aviv. He came from a Revisionist Zionist family. When he was eleven, he secretly joined the Betar youth movement but when his father found out, he was furious. At that point, he joined the religious Tzofim. Journalism and media career In 1958 he was drafted into the Israel Defense Forces and was posted as a reporter for the Bamahane military newspaper. During his service he met and befriended the commander of the Northern Command, Yitzhak Rabin. On his discharge from the IDF in 1960, he joined ''Yedioth Ahronoth'' as a correspondent on military issues. He was also an investigator for several Israeli television programs and edited and presented radio programs on Israel Army Radio. In late 1985 he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yossi Melman
Yossi Melman (Hebrew: יוסי מלמן, born December 27, 1950) is an Israeli writer and journalist. He was an intelligence and strategic affairs correspondent for the ''Haaretz'' newspaper, and in 2013 he joined ''The Jerusalem Post'' and its Hebrew sister paper ''Maariv'' in a similar, more analytical role covering also military issues. In 2019 he returned to ''Haaretz''. Biography Yosef "Yossi" Melman was born in Poland. The family immigrated to Israel in 1957, when he was six years old. He graduated from Hebrew University of Jerusalem and was a Nieman Fellow at Harvard University. From 1969 he served for three years with "Shaked", a reconnaissance and Special Forces unit in the Israel Defense Forces. Since 1974, Melman has worked in various capacities in the Israeli media. He has worked for 27 years in the Israeli ''Haaretz'' daily as a senior correspondent on national security, intelligence and strategic issues. Melman was involved in several legal and public battles to l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Six-Day War
The Six-Day War (, ; ar, النكسة, , or ) or June War, also known as the 1967 Arab–Israeli War or Third Arab–Israeli War, was fought between Israel and a coalition of Arab world, Arab states (primarily United Arab Republic, Egypt, Syria, and Jordan) from 5 to 10 June 1967. Escalated hostilities broke out amid poor relations between Israel and its Arab neighbours following the 1949 Armistice Agreements, which were signed at the end of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, First Arab–Israeli War. Earlier, in 1956, regional tensions over the Straits of Tiran escalated in what became known as the Suez Crisis, when Israel invaded Egypt over the Israeli passage through the Suez Canal and Straits of Tiran, Egyptian closure of maritime passageways to Israeli shipping, ultimately resulting in the re-opening of the Straits of Tiran to Israel as well as the deployment of the United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF) along the Borders of Israel#Border with Egypt, Egypt–Israel border. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Refaat Al-Gammal
Refaat Ali Suleiman Al-Gammal ( ar, رفعت علي سليمان الجمال) (July 1, 1927 – January 30, 1982), better known as Raafat Al-Haggan ( ar, رأفت الهجّان) in Egypt and as Jack Bitton in Israel, was an Egyptian spy who spent 17 years performing clandestine operations in Israel. Egyptian General Intelligence Directorate (EGID), claims that he moved to Israel as an Egyptian Intelligence asset in 1956. He was well known in the Israeli society and was involved in commercial projects. According to the Egyptians, he provided the Egyptian intelligence service with important information while operating a tourism company as a front. Al-Gammal's intelligence concerned, among other things, the Six-Day War, and he had an important role in the Yom Kippur War by providing Egypt with detailed engineering data about the Bar Lev Line. Al-Gammal is considered a national hero in Egypt. Most information about him is still confidential. Early life according to the EGID Al-G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ynetnews
Ynet (stylized as ynet) is one of the major Israeli news and general-content websites, and is the online outlet for the '' Yedioth Ahronot'' newspaper. However, most of Ynet's content is original work, published exclusively on the website and written by an independent staff. History Ynet was launched in June 2000 in Hebrew only; and in 2004 launched its online English edition Ynetnews. In addition, Ynet hosts the online version of Yedioth Aharanot's media group magazines: Laisha (which also operates Ynet's fashion section), Pnai Plus, Blazer, GO magazine, and Mentha. For two years, Ynet had also an Arabic version, which ceased to operate in May 2005. Ynet's main competition comes from Walla! Mako and Nana. Since 2008, Ynet is Israel's most popular internet portal, as measured by Google Trends. In celebration of Israel's independence day in 2005, Ynet conducted a poll to determine whom Ynet readers consider to be the greatest Israelis of all time. The top 200 results were publ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mohamed Fareed
Major general Mohamed Ahmed Fareed Al-Tuhami ( ar, محمد فريد التهامي; born 1947) is a former Director of the Egyptian General Intelligence Directorate (EGID). Fareed graduated from the Egyptian Military Academy in Cairo in 1967. He attended various training courses including the General Command and Staff Course. During his military career he served in leadership positions in the infantry and mechanical infantry, then became commander of a tactical formation, and was appointed as General Director of the military intelligence and reconnaissance department (DIM) of Ministry of Defence (MoD). He has been described as a mentor to General Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, the current President of Egypt. In 2004, President Mubarak appointed him as the Head of the Administrative Control Authority (ACA), a governmental agency set up in 1964 which specialized in combating corruption. In September 2012, President Mohamed Morsi fired him, following reports that he was hiding evidence agai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
General
A general officer is an Officer (armed forces), officer of highest military ranks, high rank in the army, armies, and in some nations' air forces, space forces, and marines or naval infantry. In some usages the term "general officer" refers to a rank above colonel."general, adj. and n.". OED Online. March 2021. Oxford University Press. https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/77489?rskey=dCKrg4&result=1 (accessed May 11, 2021) The term ''general'' is used in two ways: as the generic title for all grades of general officer and as a specific rank. It originates in the Tudor period, 16th century, as a shortening of ''captain general'', which rank was taken from Middle French ''capitaine général''. The adjective ''general'' had been affixed to officer designations since the late Middle Ages, late medieval period to indicate relative superiority or an extended jurisdiction. Today, the title of ''general'' is known in some countries as a four-star rank. However, different countries use di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adly Mansour
Adly Mahmoud Mansour ( ar, عدلى محمود منصور ; born 23 December 1945) is an Egyptian judge and politician who served as the president (or chief justice) of the Supreme Constitutional Court of Egypt. He also served as interim president of Egypt from 4 July 2013 to 8 June 2014 following the 2013 Egyptian coup d'état by the military which deposed President Mohamed Morsi. Several secular and religious figures, such as the Grand Imam of al-Azhar ( Ahmed el-Tayeb), the Coptic Pope (Tawadros II), and Mohamed ElBaradei supported the coup against President Morsi and the military appointed Mansour interim-president until an election could take place. Morsi refused to acknowledge his removal as valid and continued to maintain that only he could be considered the legitimate President of Egypt. Mansour was sworn into office in front of the Supreme Constitutional Court on 4 July 2013. Early life and education Mansour was born in Cairo. He graduated from Cairo University La ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mohamed Raafat Shehata
Mohamed Raafat Shehata Abdel Wahed is an Egyptian major general, soldier, and intelligence officer. At the beginning of his career in the Intelligence Service he worked for the Egyptian Strategic Research Center. He was said to have helped negotiate the prisoner swap deal between Hamas and Israel, including the release of imprisoned Israeli soldier Gilad Shalit, in October 2011. He was undersecretary of Egyptian General Intelligence Directorate (EGID) since early 2012, and appointed as acting director of the EGID by Egyptian President Mohamed Morsi on 8 August 2012 after Major-General Murad Muwafi was sacked from the post. On 18 September 2012, he was promoted as Egypt's new EGID director. He became commander of the Republican Guard and continued with his duties until July 2013. After the 2013 Egyptian coup, Raafat Shehata was replaced as EGID Director by Mohamed Ahmed Farid. He was appointed Counsellor of Security Affairs of the acting Egyptian President Adly Mansour A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2012–13 Egyptian Protests
1 (one, unit, unity) is a number representing a single or the only entity. 1 is also a numerical digit and represents a single unit of counting or measurement. For example, a line segment of ''unit length'' is a line segment of length 1. In conventions of sign where zero is considered neither positive nor negative, 1 is the first and smallest positive integer. It is also sometimes considered the first of the infinite sequence of natural numbers, followed by 2, although by other definitions 1 is the second natural number, following 0. The fundamental mathematical property of 1 is to be a multiplicative identity, meaning that any number multiplied by 1 equals the same number. Most if not all properties of 1 can be deduced from this. In advanced mathematics, a multiplicative identity is often denoted 1, even if it is not a number. 1 is by convention not considered a prime number; this was not universally accepted until the mid-20th century. Additionally, 1 is the s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
