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Dufourea (lichen)
''Dufourea'' is a genus of mostly foliose lichen species in the subfamily Xanthorioideae of the family Teloschistaceae. Species in the genus are mostly found in the Southern Hemisphere. Taxonomy The genus was originally circumscribed by Swedish lichenologist Erik Acharius in Johann Albert Luyken's 1809 publication ''Tentamen historiae lichenum'', although he did not assign any species to the genus. The following year, Acharius included ''Dufourea'' in his influential work ''Lichenographia Universalis'' and included six species. Luyken had studied under Acharius in Sweden and had access to Acharius's work before it was published; because his text about the genus is a partial transcription of Acharius's work (and he acknowledged Acharius), Acharius is credited as the author of the name as well as the description. All six species that Acharius included in ''Dufourea'' are now classified in different genera. A type species for the genus, '' Dufourea flammea'', was selected by Giusep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dufourea Flammea
''Dufourea'' is a genus of sweat bees in the family Halictidae. There are at least 160 described species in ''Dufourea''.Sharkey M.J. (2007). ''Phylogeny and Classification of Hymenoptera''."Phylogenetic relationships among superfamilies of Hymenoptera", Sharkey M.J., Carpenter J.M., Vilhelmsen L., et al. 2012. ''Cladistics'' 28(1): 80-112. See also * List of Dufourea species This is a list of 167 species in the genus ''Dufourea''. ''Dufourea'' species References {{reflist * Dufourea ''Dufourea'' is a genus of sweat bees in the family Halictidae Halictidae is the second-largest family of bees (clade Anthophi ... References * Michener, Charles D. (2000). ''The Bees of the World'', xiv + 913. * Michener, Charles D. (2007). ''The Bees of the World, Second Edition'', xvi + 953. Further reading * Halictidae Bee genera {{sweat-bee-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhizine
In lichens, rhizines are multicellular root-like structures, arising mostly from the lower surface. A lichen with rhizines is termed rhizinate, while a lichen lacking rhizines is termed erhizinate. Rhizines serve only to anchor the lichen to their substrate; they do not absorb nutrients as do plant roots. Characteristics of the rhizines are used to identify lichens, for example: whether they are dense or sparse, whether they are uniformly distributed or clumped in specific areas, and whether they are straight or branched. Only foliose lichens may possess rhizines, not crustose or fruticose lichens, which lack a lower cortex. Rhizohyphae are a type of attachment structure on some lichens. Rhizohyphae are more slender than rhizines and are one cell thick in diameter. Rhizohyphae often occur as a felt-like hyphal mass. See also *Rhizoid Rhizoids are protuberances that extend from the lower epidermal cells of bryophytes and algae. They are similar in structure and function to the ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dufourea Inflata
''Dufourea'' is a genus of sweat bees in the family Halictidae. There are at least 160 described species in ''Dufourea''.Sharkey M.J. (2007). ''Phylogeny and Classification of Hymenoptera''."Phylogenetic relationships among superfamilies of Hymenoptera", Sharkey M.J., Carpenter J.M., Vilhelmsen L., et al. 2012. ''Cladistics'' 28(1): 80-112. See also * List of Dufourea species This is a list of 167 species in the genus ''Dufourea''. ''Dufourea'' species References {{reflist * Dufourea ''Dufourea'' is a genus of sweat bees in the family Halictidae Halictidae is the second-largest family of bees (clade Anthophi ... References * Michener, Charles D. (2000). ''The Bees of the World'', xiv + 913. * Michener, Charles D. (2007). ''The Bees of the World, Second Edition'', xvi + 953. Further reading * Halictidae Bee genera {{sweat-bee-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dufourea Incavata
''Dufourea'' is a genus of sweat bees in the family Halictidae. There are at least 160 described species in ''Dufourea''.Sharkey M.J. (2007). ''Phylogeny and Classification of Hymenoptera''."Phylogenetic relationships among superfamilies of Hymenoptera", Sharkey M.J., Carpenter J.M., Vilhelmsen L., et al. 2012. ''Cladistics'' 28(1): 80-112. See also * List of Dufourea species This is a list of 167 species in the genus ''Dufourea''. ''Dufourea'' species References {{reflist * Dufourea ''Dufourea'' is a genus of sweat bees in the family Halictidae Halictidae is the second-largest family of bees (clade Anthophi ... References * Michener, Charles D. (2000). ''The Bees of the World'', xiv + 913. * Michener, Charles D. (2007). ''The Bees of the World, Second Edition'', xvi + 953. Further reading * Halictidae Bee genera {{sweat-bee-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dufourea Filsonii
''Dufourea'' is a genus of sweat bees in the family Halictidae. There are at least 160 described species in ''Dufourea''.Sharkey M.J. (2007). ''Phylogeny and Classification of Hymenoptera''."Phylogenetic relationships among superfamilies of Hymenoptera", Sharkey M.J., Carpenter J.M., Vilhelmsen L., et al. 2012. ''Cladistics'' 28(1): 80-112. See also * List of Dufourea species This is a list of 167 species in the genus ''Dufourea''. ''Dufourea'' species References {{reflist * Dufourea ''Dufourea'' is a genus of sweat bees in the family Halictidae Halictidae is the second-largest family of bees (clade Anthophi ... References * Michener, Charles D. (2000). ''The Bees of the World'', xiv + 913. * Michener, Charles D. (2007). ''The Bees of the World, Second Edition'', xvi + 953. Further reading * Halictidae Bee genera {{sweat-bee-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dufourea Elixii
''Dufourea'' is a genus of sweat bees in the family Halictidae. There are at least 160 described species in ''Dufourea''.Sharkey M.J. (2007). ''Phylogeny and Classification of Hymenoptera''."Phylogenetic relationships among superfamilies of Hymenoptera", Sharkey M.J., Carpenter J.M., Vilhelmsen L., et al. 2012. ''Cladistics'' 28(1): 80-112. See also * List of Dufourea species This is a list of 167 species in the genus ''Dufourea''. ''Dufourea'' species References {{reflist * Dufourea ''Dufourea'' is a genus of sweat bees in the family Halictidae Halictidae is the second-largest family of bees (clade Anthophi ... References * Michener, Charles D. (2000). ''The Bees of the World'', xiv + 913. * Michener, Charles D. (2007). ''The Bees of the World, Second Edition'', xvi + 953. Further reading * Halictidae Bee genera {{sweat-bee-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dufourea Doidgeae
''Dufourea'' is a genus of sweat bees in the family Halictidae. There are at least 160 described species in ''Dufourea''.Sharkey M.J. (2007). ''Phylogeny and Classification of Hymenoptera''."Phylogenetic relationships among superfamilies of Hymenoptera", Sharkey M.J., Carpenter J.M., Vilhelmsen L., et al. 2012. ''Cladistics'' 28(1): 80-112. See also * List of Dufourea species This is a list of 167 species in the genus ''Dufourea''. ''Dufourea'' species References {{reflist * Dufourea ''Dufourea'' is a genus of sweat bees in the family Halictidae Halictidae is the second-largest family of bees (clade Anthophi ... References * Michener, Charles D. (2000). ''The Bees of the World'', xiv + 913. * Michener, Charles D. (2007). ''The Bees of the World, Second Edition'', xvi + 953. Further reading * Halictidae Bee genera {{sweat-bee-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dufourea Dissectula
''Dufourea'' is a genus of sweat bees in the family Halictidae. There are at least 160 described species in ''Dufourea''.Sharkey M.J. (2007). ''Phylogeny and Classification of Hymenoptera''."Phylogenetic relationships among superfamilies of Hymenoptera", Sharkey M.J., Carpenter J.M., Vilhelmsen L., et al. 2012. ''Cladistics'' 28(1): 80-112. See also * List of Dufourea species This is a list of 167 species in the genus ''Dufourea''. ''Dufourea'' species References {{reflist * Dufourea ''Dufourea'' is a genus of sweat bees in the family Halictidae Halictidae is the second-largest family of bees (clade Anthophi ... References * Michener, Charles D. (2000). ''The Bees of the World'', xiv + 913. * Michener, Charles D. (2007). ''The Bees of the World, Second Edition'', xvi + 953. Further reading * Halictidae Bee genera {{sweat-bee-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dufourea Capensis
''Dufourea'' is a genus of sweat bees in the family Halictidae. There are at least 160 described species in ''Dufourea''.Sharkey M.J. (2007). ''Phylogeny and Classification of Hymenoptera''."Phylogenetic relationships among superfamilies of Hymenoptera", Sharkey M.J., Carpenter J.M., Vilhelmsen L., et al. 2012. ''Cladistics'' 28(1): 80-112. See also * List of Dufourea species This is a list of 167 species in the genus ''Dufourea''. ''Dufourea'' species References {{reflist * Dufourea ''Dufourea'' is a genus of sweat bees in the family Halictidae Halictidae is the second-largest family of bees (clade Anthophi ... References * Michener, Charles D. (2000). ''The Bees of the World'', xiv + 913. * Michener, Charles D. (2007). ''The Bees of the World, Second Edition'', xvi + 953. Further reading * Halictidae Bee genera {{sweat-bee-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dufourea Bonae-spei
''Dufourea'' is a genus of sweat bees in the family Halictidae. There are at least 160 described species in ''Dufourea''.Sharkey M.J. (2007). ''Phylogeny and Classification of Hymenoptera''."Phylogenetic relationships among superfamilies of Hymenoptera", Sharkey M.J., Carpenter J.M., Vilhelmsen L., et al. 2012. ''Cladistics'' 28(1): 80-112. See also * List of Dufourea species This is a list of 167 species in the genus ''Dufourea''. ''Dufourea'' species References {{reflist * Dufourea ''Dufourea'' is a genus of sweat bees in the family Halictidae Halictidae is the second-largest family of bees (clade Anthophi ... References * Michener, Charles D. (2000). ''The Bees of the World'', xiv + 913. * Michener, Charles D. (2007). ''The Bees of the World, Second Edition'', xvi + 953. Further reading * Halictidae Bee genera {{sweat-bee-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dufourea Australis
''Dufourea'' is a genus of sweat bees in the family Halictidae. There are at least 160 described species in ''Dufourea''.Sharkey M.J. (2007). ''Phylogeny and Classification of Hymenoptera''."Phylogenetic relationships among superfamilies of Hymenoptera", Sharkey M.J., Carpenter J.M., Vilhelmsen L., et al. 2012. ''Cladistics'' 28(1): 80-112. See also * List of Dufourea species This is a list of 167 species in the genus ''Dufourea''. ''Dufourea'' species References {{reflist * Dufourea ''Dufourea'' is a genus of sweat bees in the family Halictidae Halictidae is the second-largest family of bees (clade Anthophi ... References * Michener, Charles D. (2000). ''The Bees of the World'', xiv + 913. * Michener, Charles D. (2007). ''The Bees of the World, Second Edition'', xvi + 953. Further reading * Halictidae Bee genera {{sweat-bee-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dufourea Angustata
''Dufourea angustata'' is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is widely distributed across Australia. Taxonomy The lichen was formally described in 2009 by the lichenologists Sergey Kondratyuk and Ingvar Kärnefelt; they initially placed it as a member of genus ''Xanthoria''. The type specimen was collected by the authors from rocky outcrops south of Batemans Bay in New South Wales. The species epithet ''angustata'', derived from the Latin ("narrow"), alludes to the shape of the thallus . Description ''Dufourea angustata'' is a lichen that typically forms a reddish-orange to brick orange thallus, spanning 2–3 cm in width. It features narrow and distinct that often interconnect to form a net-like pattern. These lobes are usually 0.4–1 (up to 1.2) mm wide and 5–6 mm long, with frequent and irregular branching. Including the secondary , the lobes can reach up to 3.5 mm in width. The apothecia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
