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Duff Reaction Mechanism3
Duff may refer to: People * Duff (surname) * Duff (given name) * Duff (nickname) * Karen Duffy, an actress, model, and former MTV VJ once known as "Duff" * Duff Roman, on-air name of Canadian radio personality and executive David Mostoway (born 1938) Places * Duff, Indiana, United States, an unincorporated community * Duff, Nebraska, United States, an unincorporated community * Duff, Tennessee, United States, an unincorporated community * Duff, Saskatchewan, Canada, a village * Duff Hill, a mountain in County Wicklow, Ireland * Duff River, a river in County Sligo, Ireland * Duff Islands, in the Solomon Islands, Pacific Ocean * Mount Duff, Mangareva Island, French Polynesia * Mount Duff (Yakutat), a Canadian mountain on the border between Alberta and British Columbia * Duff Peak, Victoria Land, Antarctica * Duff Point, Greenwich Island, Antarctica Arts and entertainment * ''The DUFF'' (novel), by Kody Keplinger ** ''The DUFF'', a 2015 film based on the Keplinger novel * Duff ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duff Reaction
The Duff reaction or hexamine aromatic formylation is a formylation reaction used in organic chemistry for the synthesis of benzaldehydes with hexamine as the formyl carbon source. It is named after James Cooper Duff, who was a chemist at the College of Technology, Birmingham, around 1920–1950. The electrophilic species in this electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction is the iminium ion CH2+NR2. The initial reaction product is an iminium which is hydrolyzed to the aldehyde. See mechanism below. The reaction requires strongly electron donating substituents on the aromatic ring such as in a phenol. Formylation occurs '' ortho'' to the electron donating substituent preferentially, unless the ''ortho'' positions are blocked, in which case the formylation occurs at the ''para'' position. Examples are the synthesis of 3,5-di-''tert''-butylsalicylaldehyde: and the synthesis of syringaldehyde: If both ''ortho'' positions are vacant then a diformylation is possible, as in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duff (surname)
The surname Duff has several origins. In some cases, it is an Anglicised form of the Gaelic ''Ó Duibh'' ("descendant of ''Dubh''"), ''Mac Giolla Duibh'' ("son of the servant of ''Dubh''"), ''Mac Duibh'' ("son of ''Dubh''"). The surname ''Duff'' is also sometimes a short form of ''Duffin'' (when of Gaelic origin), and '' MacElduff'' (from ''Mac Giolla Duibh''), and ''Duffy'' (a name with multiple origins).. This webpage cited: . The Gaelic ''dubh'' ("black", "dark") is a word-element which forms a part of several Gaelic names. Le Duff is the gallicized variant of the Breton surname ''An Du'' which means The Black. People * Alan Duff (born 1950), New Zealand writer * Alexander Duff (missionary) (1806–1878), founder of Scottish Church College, Calcutta * Alexander Duff (Royal Navy officer) (1862–1933), British admiral * Andrew Duff, British politician * Anne Macintosh Duff (born 1925), Canadian watercolor artist * Anne-Marie Duff, British actress * Antony Duff, past head o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The DUFF (novel)
''The DUFF'' is a 2010 young adult novel by American author Kody Keplinger. Keplinger was 17 when she wrote the novel, which was released on September 7, 2010. A film based on the novel, also entitled '' The DUFF'', was released on February 20, 2015. A companion novel, ''Lying Out Loud'', was released on April 28, 2015, and is set in the same universe as ''The DUFF''. Plot High school student Bianca Piper, along with her friends Casey Blithe and Jessica Gaither, frequent a teen lounge called the Nest. One January night as Casey and Jessica are dancing, another student named Wesley Rush, who has a reputation as a womanizer, approaches Bianca. He explains that he wants people to see him talking with her, because she is the DUFF, the Designated Ugly Fat Friend, and a connection with her will bring other, more attractive women to him. Disgusted, Bianca finds her friends and leaves. A few nights later, however, Wesley approaches Bianca at the club again after Bianca had a particularl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pregnancy
Pregnancy is the time during which one or more offspring develops ( gestates) inside a woman's uterus (womb). A multiple pregnancy involves more than one offspring, such as with twins. Pregnancy usually occurs by sexual intercourse, but can also occur through assisted reproductive technology procedures. A pregnancy may end in a live birth, a miscarriage, an induced abortion, or a stillbirth. Childbirth typically occurs around 40 weeks from the start of the last menstrual period (LMP), a span known as the gestational age. This is just over nine months. Counting by fertilization age, the length is about 38 weeks. Pregnancy is "the presence of an implanted human embryo or fetus in the uterus"; implantation occurs on average 8–9 days after fertilization. An '' embryo'' is the term for the developing offspring during the first seven weeks following implantation (i.e. ten weeks' gestational age), after which the term ''fetus'' is used until birth. Signs an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Down Under Fan Fund
The Down Under Fan Fund, also known as ''DUFF'', was created in 1970 for the purpose of providing funds to bring well-known and popular members of science fiction fandom familiar to fans on both sides of the Pacific Ocean. History DUFF was created by John Foyster in 1970 as a means of increasing the face-to-face communication between science fiction fans in Australia and New Zealand, and North America. It coincides with the push within Australian fandom to host the World Science Fiction Convention in Australia in 1975, ( Aussiecon), and the rise of fanzine fandom centred on Melbourne, Australia; e.g. ''Australian SF Review'', ''SF Commentary'', '' ANZAPA''. He based the procedures of DUFF on the already-existing Trans-Atlantic Fan Fund (TAFF), which began in 1952. Funding DUFF is funded through the support of fandom. Candidates are voted on by interested fans all over the world, and each vote is accompanied by a donation of not less than $US5 or A$6. These donations, and the c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duff Building
The Duff Building is a commercial structure located at 118 West Exchange Street in Owosso, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985. History The Duff family was established in Owosso by the 1840s, when Charles C. Duff established a grocery in the community. By the Civil War, both Duff's business and the town of Owosso had grown substantially. However, Duff put his business on hold to enlist in the Union army. He returned to Owosso after the end of the war and re-established the grocery. By 1880, downtown Owosso and Duff's grocery were booming. In 1889, Duff purchased the title to an undeveloped piece of property in Owosso's downtown from Manderville D. Grow. Grow had purchased a strip of land on which he was constructing the Grow Block The Grow Block is a commercial building located at 120-122 West Exchange Street in Owosso, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985. History Manderville D. Grow was born in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duff House
Duff House is a Georgian estate house in Banff, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Now in the care of Historic Environment Scotland, it is part of the National Galleries of Scotland and is a Category A listed building. The house is built of ashlar in three storeys to a square plan (9-bay x 8-bay) on a raised basement with advanced corner towers. The house and the associated Fife gates, walled garden, Collie lodge, mausoleum, ice house, Bridge Gates House and the Eagles Gate lodge are designated as Category A listed group of buildings. History Duff House was designed by William Adam and built between 1735 and 1740 for William Duff of Braco. The design and construction resulted in a legal dispute between the architect and owner which culminated in a legal case in 1743. Construction began on 11 June 1735. The design of the house originally intended to have flanking pavilions linked by colonnaded quadrants but these were never completed as the Earl thought the house would be too large. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duff (1794 Ship)
''Duff'' was a ship launched on the Thames in 1794. In 1796 the London Missionary Society engaged her to take a party of missionaries to the South Pacific. Once she had landed the missionaries she sailed to China and took a cargo back to England for the British East India Company. On this voyage her captain named a variety of South Pacific islands. On her second voyage to deliver missionaries a French privateer captured her in 1799 off the coast of Brazil on the outward-bound leg of her voyage. First voyage ''Duff'' was originally under the command of P. Gordon, with owner J. Carbine and traded between London and Gibraltar. In 1795 the just formed London Missionary Society decided to send missionaries to the South Pacific. Captain James Wilson volunteered his services and the society was able to afford to purchase ''Duff''. ''Lloyd's Register'' for 1796 shows that Wilson replaced Gordon as master of Duff, and Cox & Co. replaced J. Carbine as owner. Also, her trade changed to L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duff Baronets
There have been three creations of baronets with the surname Duff, all in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. Two of the creations are extinct while one is extant. Assheton-Smith, later Duff baronets, of Vaynol Park (1911) The Assheton-Smith, later Duff Baronetcy, of Vaynol Park in the County of Carnarfon, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 1 August 1911 for Charles Garden Assheton-Smith. The title became extinct on the death of the third Baronet in 1980. * Sir Charles Garden Assheton-Smith, 1st Baronet (1851–1914) * Sir Robert George Vivian Duff, 2nd Baronet (1876–1914) * Sir (Charles) Michael Robert Vivian Duff, 3rd Baronet (1907–1980) ::Coat of arms ::*Shield: Quarterly, 1st and 4th, counter quartered (1st) and (4th) az. 2 bars between three pheons, or (Smith); (2nd) and (3rd) arg. a mullet pierced sa. (Assheton); 2nd and 3rd vert, a fesse dancetty erm., between a stag's head cabossed in chief and two escallops in base or, within a bordure chequ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buttocks
The buttocks (singular: buttock) are two rounded portions of the exterior anatomy of most mammals, located on the posterior of the pelvic region. In humans, the buttocks are located between the lower back and the perineum. They are composed of a layer of exterior skin and underlying subcutaneous fat superimposed on a left and right gluteus maximus and gluteus medius muscles. The two gluteus maximus muscles are the largest muscles in the human body. They are responsible for movements such as straightening the body into the upright (standing) posture when it is bent at the waist; maintaining the body in the upright posture by keeping the hip joints extended; and propelling the body forward via further leg (hip) extension when walking or running. In the seated position, the buttocks bear the weight of the upper body and take that weight off the feet. In many cultures, the buttocks play a role in sexual attraction. Many cultures have also used the buttocks as a primary target f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plant Litter
Plant litter (also leaf litter, tree litter, soil litter, litterfall or duff) is dead plant material (such as leaves, bark, needles, twigs, and cladodes) that have fallen to the ground. This detritus or dead organic material and its constituent nutrients are added to the top layer of soil, commonly known as the litter layer or O horizon ("O" for "organic"). Litter is an important factor in ecosystem dynamics, as it is indicative of ecological productivity and may be useful in predicting regional nutrient cycling and soil fertility. Characteristics and variability Litterfall is characterized as fresh, undecomposed, and easily recognizable (by species and type) plant debris. This can be anything from leaves, cones, needles, twigs, bark, seeds/nuts, logs, or reproductive organs (e.g. the stamen of flowering plants). Items larger than 2 cm diameter are referred to as coarse litter, while anything smaller is referred to as fine litter or litter. The type of litterfall is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duff (dessert)
Duff is a Bahamian cuisine dessert dish made with fruit (especially guava Guava () is a common tropical fruit cultivated in many tropical and subtropical regions. The common guava ''Psidium guajava'' (lemon guava, apple guava) is a small tree in the myrtle family ( Myrtaceae), native to Mexico, Central America, the ...) in a dough. Fruit is folded into the dough and boiled, then served with a sauce. Ingredients include fruit, butter, sugar, eggs, nutmeg, cinnamon, cloves, flour, rum, pepper, and baking powder. Duff is also an English term for ''pudding''. Examples are ''Christmas duff'', '' plum duff'' and ''suet duff''. In the 1901 short story by Henry Lawson, "The Ghosts of Many Christmases", published in ''Children of the Bush'', at gutenberg.org plum pudding is referred to both as ''pudding'' and ''duff'': ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
