|
Donguz Formation
The Donguz Formation, Donguz Svita, or Donguz Rocks (russian: Донгузские скалы) is a Middle Triassic geological formation that crops out on the right bank of Donguz River in Orenburg Oblast, Russia, across the settlement of Pervomaisky. The formation is equivalent to a biostratigraphic unit, the Donguz Gorizont. It is famous for its rich collection of the fossils of Middle Triassic tetrapods. It is a nature monument (особо охраняемых природных территорий (ООПТ)). Fossil content The following fossils have been found in the Donguz Formation: * Temnospondyls ** '' Eryosuchus antiquus'', Ochev ** '' E. garjainovi'', Ochev ** '' E. tverdochlebovi'', Ochev ** ''Bukobaja''? sp. ** '' Plagiorophus danilovi'' ** '' Plagioscutum ochevi'', Shishkin ** '' Plagiosternum paraboliceps'' (Konzhukova) * Thecodonts ** '' Jushatyria vjushkovi'' * Procolophonid ** '' Kapes serotinus'', Novikov * Proterosuchids ** '' Sarmatosuchus ochevi'', Sen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anisian
In the geologic timescale, the Anisian is the lower stage or earliest age of the Middle Triassic series or epoch and lasted from million years ago until million years ago. The Anisian Age succeeds the Olenekian Age (part of the Lower Triassic Epoch) and precedes the Ladinian Age. Stratigraphic definitions The stage and its name were established by Austrian geologists Wilhelm Heinrich Waagen and Carl Diener in 1895. The name comes from ''Anisus'', the Latin name of the river Enns. The original type locality is at Großreifling in the Austrian state of Styria. The base of the Anisian Stage (also the base of the Middle Triassic series) is sometimes laid at the first appearance of conodont species '' Chiosella timorensis'' in the stratigraphic record. Other stratigraphers prefer to use the base of magnetic chronozone MT1n. There is no accepted global reference profile for the base, but one ( GSSP or golden spike) was proposed at a flank of the mountain Deşli Caira in the Roman ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gorizont (geology)
In geology, a horizon is either a bedding surface where there is marked change in the lithology within a sequence of sedimentary rock, sedimentary or volcanic rocks, or a distinctive layer or thin Bed (geology), bed with a characteristic lithology or fossil content within a sequence. Examples of the former can include things such as volcanic eruptions as well as things such as meteorite impacts and tsunamis. Examples of the latter include things such as ice ages and other large climate events, as well as large but temporary geological features and changes such as inland oceans. In the interpretation of Reflection seismology, seismic reflection data, horizons are the reflectors (or seismic events) picked on individual profiles. These reflectors represent a change in rock properties across a boundary between two layers of rock, particularly P-wave#Velocity, seismic velocity and density. It can also represent changes in the density of the material and the composition of it and the press ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proterosuchid
Proterosuchidae is an early family of basal archosauriforms whose fossils are known from the Latest Permian and the Early Triassic of Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia and possibly South America. The name comes from Greek πρότερο- ("first") and σοῦχος ("crocodile"). Description They were slender, medium-sized (about long, largest specimens reached ), long-snouted and superficially crocodile-like animals, although they lacked the armoured scutes of true crocodiles, and their skeletal features are much more primitive. The limbs are short and indicate a sprawling posture, like contemporary lizards but unlike most later archosaurs. Their most characteristic feature is a distinct down-turning of the premaxilla (the front of the upper jaw, which overhangs the lower jaw). Evolutionary history The terminal Permian catastrophe, which killed off 95% of all types of life, cleared the world of all large therapsids and allowed the proterosuchids to become the top predators. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kapes (genus)
''Kapes'' is an extinct genus of procolophonid parareptile from the Lower and Middle Triassic of the United Kingdom and Russia. It is a member of the subfamily Procolophoninae. The type species ''K. amaenus'' was named in 1975 from the banks of the Vychegda River in the Komi Republic of Russia. In 1983, a new species was brought into the genus, ''K. majmesculae''. ''K. majmesculae'' was first named in 1968 as a member of the genus ''Tichvinskia''. A third Russian species, ''K. serotinus'', was named in 1991. In 2002, ''Kapes bentoni'' was named from the Middle Triassic Otter Sandstone Formation of Devon, England, extending the geographic range of ''Kapes''. In the same paper, ''K. serotinus'' was synonymized with ''K. majmesculae'' and another Russian species was assigned to ''Kapes'' called ''K. komiensis''. ''K. komiensis'' was first named in 1975 (in the same paper ''K. amaenus'' was named in) as a member of the genus '' Macrophon''. Phylogeny Below is a cladogram A clado ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Procolophonid
Procolophonidae is an extinct family of small, lizard-like parareptiles known from the Late Permian to Late Triassic that were distributed across Pangaea, having been reported from Europe, North America, China, South Africa, South America, Antarctica and Australia. The most primitive procolophonids were likely insectiovous or omnivorous, more derived members of the clade developed bicusped molars, and were likely herbivorous feeding on high fiber vegetation or durophagous omnivores. Many members of the group are noted for spines projecting from the quadratojugal bone of the skull, which likely served a defensive purpose as well as possibly also for display. At least some taxa were likely fossorial burrowers. While diverse during the Early and Middle Triassic, they had very low diversity during the Late Triassic, and were extinct by the beginning of the Jurassic. Phylogeny Below is a cladogram A cladogram (from Greek ''clados'' "branch" and ''gramma'' "character") is a diagr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jushatyria
''Jushatyria'' is an extinct genus of archosaur. Fossils have been found in the Koltaevo III Locality, district of Kumertau near the Ural Mountains in European Russia from the Bukobay Gorizont. The locality dates back to the Ladinian stage of the Middle Triassic. Additional material has been described from a locality on the banks of the Berdyanka River that was previously assigned to a rauisuchid-like archosaur. However, this material differed from the original specimens because it lacked slit-like antorbital openings accompanying the antorbital fossa. Nesbitt (2009) and Gower and Sennikov (2000) suggested that all material currently referred to ''Jushatyria'' most likely does not represent a single taxon.Gower, D. J. and Sennikov, A. G. (2000). Early Archosaurs from Russia ''In:'' Benton, M. J., Kurochkin, E. N., Shishkin, M. A. and Unwin, D. M., eds., ''The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia''. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press; pp. 140–159. Thus, ''Jushatyria'' is kn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thecodont
Thecodontia (meaning 'socket-teeth'), now considered an obsolete taxonomic grouping, was formerly used to describe a diverse "order" of early archosaurian reptiles that first appeared in the latest Permian period and flourished until the end of the Triassic period. All of them were built somewhat like crocodiles but with shorter skulls, more erect pose and usually somewhat lighter. The group includes the ancestors of dinosaurs, pterosaurs, and crocodilians, as well as a number of extinct forms that did not give rise to any descendants. The term ''thecodont'' is still used as an anatomical description of the tooth morphology seen in these species and others. Definition Thecodonts are characterized by certain shared primitive features, such as the antorbital fenestra (an opening on each side of the skull between the eye sockets and the nostrils) and teeth in sockets. The name ''thecodont'' is Greek for "socket-tooth", referring to the fact that thecodont teeth were set in sockets in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plagiosternum
''Plagiosternum'' (plae-jee-oh-ster-num, meaning "sideways breastbone") was a middle Triassic temnospondyl Temnospondyli (from Greek τέμνειν, ''temnein'' 'to cut' and σπόνδυλος, ''spondylos'' 'vertebra') is a diverse order of small to giant tetrapods—often considered primitive amphibians—that flourished worldwide during the Carbo ... that is native to Spitzbergen.Warren, Anne. Plagiosternum granulosum E. Fraas: a plagiosaurid temnospondyl from the Middle Triassic of Crailsheim, Germany. Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde, 1995. References Triassic temnospondyls of Europe Plagiosauridae {{temnospondyli-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plagioscutum
''Plagioscutum'' is an extinct genus of Middle Triassic temnospondyl amphibian of the Ladinian Inder Formation of Kazakhstan and the Anisian Donguz Formation The Donguz Formation, Donguz Svita, or Donguz Rocks (russian: Донгузские скалы) is a Middle Triassic geological formation that crops out on the right bank of Donguz River in Orenburg Oblast, Russia, across the settlement of Pervoma ... of Russia Plagiosauridae Anisian genera Ladinian genera Triassic temnospondyls Triassic Kazakhstan Fossils of Kazakhstan Triassic Russia Fossils of Russia Fossil taxa described in 1986 {{Temnospondyli-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plagiorophus
''Plagiorophus'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric plagiosaurid. It is known from the Middle Triassic Bukobay Formation (Ladinian) and Donguz Formation (Anisian) of Russia. See also * Prehistoric amphibian * List of prehistoric amphibians This list of prehistoric amphibians is an attempt to create a comprehensive listing of all genera from the fossil record that have ever been considered to be amphibians, excluding purely vernacular terms. The list includes all commonly accepted g ... References Stereospondyls Triassic amphibians of Europe Anisian genera Ladinian genera Triassic Russia Fossils of Russia Fossil taxa described in 1955 {{Temnospondyli-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bukobaja
''Bukobaja'' is an extinct genus of mastodonsaurid temnospondyl from the middle Triassic of Russia. It contains a single species, ''Bukobaja enigmatica''. ''Bukobaja'' mainly occurs in the Bukobay Svita as part of the Ladinian?-age "''Mastodonsaurus'' fauna", a section of Russian Triassic biostratigraphy characterized by ''"Mastodonsaurus" torvus''. It was also present in the underlying Donguz Svita ("''Eryosuchus'' fauna"). ''Bukobaja'' appears to be a valid genus similar to, yet distinct from, ''Mastodonsaurus''. Despite appearing to possess several unique features, ''Bukobaja'' is still known from very few remains. This has led to difficulties in determining its relations more precisely than "Mastodonsauridae ''incertae sedis''". It has also been compared to trematosaurids. See also * Prehistoric amphibian * List of prehistoric amphibians This list of prehistoric amphibians is an attempt to create a comprehensive listing of all genera from the fossil record that have ever ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Temnospondyls
Temnospondyli (from Greek τέμνειν, ''temnein'' 'to cut' and σπόνδυλος, ''spondylos'' 'vertebra') is a diverse order of small to giant tetrapods—often considered primitive amphibians—that flourished worldwide during the Carboniferous, Permian, and Triassic periods. A few species continued into the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. Fossils have been found on every continent. During about 210 million years of evolutionary history, they adapted to a wide range of habitats, including freshwater, terrestrial, and even coastal marine environments. Their life history is well understood, with fossils known from the larval stage, metamorphosis, and maturity. Most temnospondyls were semiaquatic, although some were almost fully terrestrial, returning to the water only to breed. These temnospondyls were some of the first vertebrates fully adapted to life on land. Although temnospondyls are considered amphibians, many had characteristics, such as scales and armour-like bony ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
