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Dieckol
Dieckol is a phlorotannin that can be found in arame (''Eisenia bicyclis''), in ''Ecklonia cava'' or in '' Ecklonia stolonifera''. This compound shows antithrombotic and profibrinolytic activities. It has also an effect on hair growth. See also * Procyanidin B3, a proanthocyanidin Proanthocyanidins are a class of polyphenols found in many plants, such as cranberry, blueberry, and grape seeds. Chemically, they are oligomeric flavonoids. Many are oligomers of catechin and epicatechin and their gallic acid esters. More compl ... dimer with the same hair growth-promoting effect References Phlorotannin dimers {{aromatic-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phlorotannin
Phlorotannins are a type of tannins found in brown algae such as kelps and rockweeds or sargassacean species, and in a lower amount also in some red algae. Contrary to hydrolysable or condensed tannins, these compounds are oligomers of phloroglucinol (polyphloroglucinols). As they are called tannins, they have the ability to precipitate proteins. It has been noticed that some phlorotannins have the ability to oxidize and form covalent bonds with some proteins. In contrast, under similar experimental conditions three types of terrestrial tannins (procyanidins, profisetinidins, and gallotannins) apparently did not form covalent complexes with proteins. These phenolic compounds are integral structural components of cell walls in brown algae, but they also seem to play many other secondary ecological roles such as protection from UV radiation and defense against grazing. Biosynthesis and localization Most of the phlorotannins' biosynthesis is still unknown, but it appears they ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arame
, sea oak is a species of kelp, of the brown algae, best known for its use in Japanese cuisine. Description ''Eisenia bicyclis'' is indigenous to temperate Pacific Ocean waters centered near Japan, although it is deliberately cultured elsewhere, including South Korea. Arame , Food to Good Health, 2010 retrieved 8 February 2013 It grows and reproduces seasonally. Two flattened oval fronds rise from a stiff woody stipe which can be up to about tall. The fronds are shed and new ones formed annually. The plant appears both branched and feathered. It may be harvested by divers manually or mechanically, and the dried form is available year-round. Cuisine It is one of many species of |
Ecklonia Cava
''Ecklonia cava'' (or paddle weed, , ''noro-kajime''), is an edible marine brown alga species found in the ocean off Japan and Korea. It is used as an herbal remedy in the form of an extract called ''Seanol'', a polyphenolic extract, and ''Ventol'', a phlorotannin-rich natural agent. Phlorotannins, such as fucodiphlorethol G, 7-phloro eckol, 6,6'-bieckol, eckol, 8,8'-bieckol, 8,4"'-dieckol and phlorofucofuroeckol A can be isolated from ''Ecklonia cava''. Other components are common sterol derivatives ( fucosterol, ergosterol and cholesterol). It is also identified as a viable colloid source for use in the biotech industry. Nomenclature ''Ecklonia cava'' answers to the English common name "paddle weed"; it is also referred by the common names "''kajime''" or "''noro-kajime''" of Japanese origin. In fact, the standard common name for ''E. cava'' in modern-day Japanese is , to be distinguished from the wrinkled-leaved ''Eisenia bicyclis'' ( ''Ecklonia bicyclis'') known ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ecklonia Stolonifera
''Ecklonia stolonifera'' (Japanese: ツルアラメ, turuarame) is a brown alga species in the genus ''Ecklonia'' found in the Sea of Japan. It is an edible species traditionally eaten in Japan. Chemistry Phlorotannins ''Ecklonia stolonifera'' contains the phlorotannins phlorofucofuroeckol A, eckol, dieckol, dioxinodehydroeckol (eckstolonol), 2-phloroeckol, phlorofucofuroeckol B, 6,6'-bieckol, triphlorethol-A, phloroglucinol and 7-phloroeckol. Those phlorotannins are responsible for the potent pharmacological effects associated with this seaweed. These molecules show a hepatoprotective activity. Oxylipins The oxylipins ecklonialactones A, B, C, D, E and F and fucosterol can also be isolated from the species. References External links algaebase.org {{Taxonbar, from=Q5332926 stolonifera Stolonifera is a suborder of soft corals in the order Alcyonacea. Members of this taxon are characterised by having separate polyps budding off an encrusting horiz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antithrombotic
An antithrombotic agent is a drug that reduces the formation of blood clots (thrombi).http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?antithrombotic Antithrombotics can be used therapeutically for prevention (primary prevention, secondary prevention) or treatment of a dangerous blood clot (acute thrombus). In the U.S., the American College of Chest Physicians publishes clinical guidelines for clinicians for the use of these drugs to treat and prevent a variety of diseases. Processes Different antithrombotics affect different blood clotting processes: * Antiplatelet drugs limit the migration or aggregation of platelets. * Anticoagulants limit the ability of the blood to clot. * Thrombolytic drugs act to dissolve clots after they have formed. See also * Direct Xa inhibitor * Warfarin Warfarin, sold under the brand name Coumadin among others, is a medication that is used as an anticoagulant (blood thinner). It is commonly used to prevent blood clots such as deep vein thrombosis and pu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Profibrinolytic
Fibrinolysis is a process that prevents blood clots from growing and becoming problematic. Primary fibrinolysis is a normal body process, while secondary fibrinolysis is the breakdown of clots due to a medicine, a medical disorder, or some other cause.Dugdale, David et al.Primary or secondary fibrinolysis, Medline Plus. Retrieved 7 August 2011. In fibrinolysis, a fibrin clot, the product of coagulation, is broken down. Its main enzyme plasmin cuts the fibrin mesh at various places, leading to the production of circulating fragments that are cleared by other proteases or by the kidney and liver. Physiology Plasmin is produced in an inactive form, plasminogen, in the liver. Although plasminogen cannot cleave fibrin, it still has an affinity for it, and is incorporated into the clot when it is formed. Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and urokinase are the agents that convert plasminogen to the active plasmin, thus allowing fibrinolysis to occur. t-PA is released into the bloo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hair Growth
The growth of human hair occurs everywhere on the body except for the soles of the feet, the inside of the mouth, the lips, the backs of the ears, the palms of the hands, some external genital areas, the navel, scar tissue, and, apart from eyelashes, the eyelids. Hair is a stratified squamous keratinized epithelium made of multi-layered flat cells whose rope-like filaments provide structure and strength to the hair shaft. The protein called keratin makes up hair and stimulates hair growth. Hair follows a specific growth cycle with three distinct and concurrent phases: anagen, catagen, and telogen. Each phase has specific characteristics that determine the length of the hair. The body has different types of hair, including vellus hair and androgenic hair, each with its own type of cellular construction. This varied construction gives the hair unique characteristics, serving specific purposes, mainly warmth (redundant in modern humans) and physical protection. Most humans develop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Procyanidin B3
Procyanidin B3 is a B type proanthocyanidin. Procyanidin B3 is a catechin dimer (catechin-(4α→8)-catechin). Natural occurrences It can be found in red wine, in barley, in beer, in peach or in '' Jatropha macrantha'', the Huanarpo Macho. Health effects It has been identified as a hair-growth stimulant. Chemical synthesis Molar equivalents of synthetic (2R,3S,4R or S)- leucocyanidin and (+)-catechin condense with exceptional rapidity at pH 5 under ambient conditions to give the all-trans- ,8 and ,6bi- +)-catechins(procyanidins B3, B6) the all-trans- ,8:4,8 and ,8:4,6tri- +)-catechins(procyanidin C2 and isomer). See also * Phenolic content in wine The phenolic content in wine refers to the phenolic compounds—natural phenol and polyphenols—in wine, which include a large group of several hundred chemical compounds that affect the taste, color and mouthfeel of wine. These compounds include ... References Procyanidin dimers {{Aromatic-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proanthocyanidin
Proanthocyanidins are a class of polyphenols found in many plants, such as cranberry, blueberry, and grape seeds. Chemically, they are oligomeric flavonoids. Many are oligomers of catechin and epicatechin and their gallic acid esters. More complex polyphenols, having the same polymeric building block, form the group of tannins. Proanthocyanidins were discovered in 1947 by Jacques Masquelier, who developed and patented techniques for the extraction of oligomeric proanthocyanidins from pine bark and grape seeds. Often associated with prevention of urinary tract infections (UTIs) by consuming cranberries, grape seeds or red wine, proanthocyanidins have not been conclusively shown as effective for preventing or treating UTIs. Distribution in plants Proanthocyanidins, including the lesser bioactive and bioavailable polymers (four or more catechins), represent a group of condensed flavan-3-ols, such as procyanidins, prodelphinidins and propelargonidins. They can be found in many plant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
