Dianella (gastropod)
''Dianella'' is a little-known genus of small freshwater snails with a gill and an operculum, aquatic gastropod molluscs in the family Hydrobiidae. Distribution These are European freshwater snails; they occur in southeastern Europe, from northern Italy, through the Balkans, to the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea Description Their relatively big shell has an onic or turriform shape with a common, prominent, spiral sculpture Sculpture is the branch of the visual arts that operates in three dimensions. Sculpture is the three-dimensional art work which is physically presented in the dimensions of height, width and depth. It is one of the plastic arts. Durable .... The radula shows a rhachidian tooth with no basal cusps. Their stomach has a caecal appendix at its pyloric end. They have a Hydrobia-like central nervous system, a simple penis and a characteristic, big seminal receptacle at the end of a prominent spiral of the coiled oviduct. Species Species within t ...
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Gerard Pierre Laurent Kalshoven Gude
Gerard Pierre Laurent Kalshoven Gude (1858 Amsterdam – 8 November 1924) Woodward B. B. (1925). " GERARD PIERRE LAURENT KALSHOVEN GUDE, F.Z.S., ETC. 1858–1924". ''Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London'' 16(5): 205-206. was a malacologist from the United Kingdom. He joined the Conchological Society of Great Britain in 1890. He was elected as a fellow of the Zoological Society of London in 1884. Bibliography He published malacological works since 1893. Among his works belongs two volumes of ''The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma''. * Gude G. K. (1896)''Armature of helicoid landshells'' Science-Gossip ''Science-Gossip'' 29(23): 88-92, 126-128, 154-156, 178-181, 204-207, 244-246, 274-276, 300-302, 10-11, 36-37, 70-71, 102-103, 138-139, 170-171, 231-232, 263-264, 284-285, 15-17, 74-76, 114-115, 133-134, 170-172, 239-240, 332-333, 15-17, 75-77, 147-149, 174-177. - description of ''Plectopylis'' - type genus of Plectopylidae * Gude G. K. (1900). "F ...
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Black Sea
The Black Sea is a marginal mediterranean sea of the Atlantic Ocean lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia. It is bounded by Bulgaria, Georgia, Romania, Russia, Turkey, and Ukraine. The Black Sea is supplied by major rivers, principally the Danube, Dnieper, and Don. Consequently, while six countries have a coastline on the sea, its drainage basin includes parts of 24 countries in Europe. The Black Sea covers (not including the Sea of Azov), has a maximum depth of , and a volume of . Most of its coasts ascend rapidly. These rises are the Pontic Mountains to the south, bar the southwest-facing peninsulas, the Caucasus Mountains to the east, and the Crimean Mountains to the mid-north. In the west, the coast is generally small floodplains below foothills such as the Strandzha; Cape Emine, a dwindling of the east end of the Balkan Mountains; and the Dobruja Plateau considerably farth ...
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Dianella Thiesseana
Dianella may refer to: * ''Dianella'' (beetle), a species and genus of beetle in the family Carabidae now known as ''Diamella'' * ''Dianella'' (gastropod), a genus of freshwater snails in the family Hydrobiidae * ''Dianella'' (plant), a genus of flowering plants * Dianella, Western Australia, a suburb of Perth, Australia ** Dianella White Eagles Dianella White Eagles Soccer Club is an Australian semi-professional soccer club based in Perth. It was established by the local Serbian Australian community in 1978 as Dianella Serbia. In 2023, the club will compete in the Football West Sta ...

Dianella Schlickum
Dianella may refer to: * ''Dianella'' (beetle), a species and genus of beetle in the family Carabidae now known as ''Diamella'' * ''Dianella'' (gastropod), a genus of freshwater snails in the family Hydrobiidae * ''Dianella'' (plant), a genus of flowering plants * Dianella, Western Australia, a suburb of Perth, Australia ** Dianella White Eagles Dianella White Eagles Soccer Club is an Australian semi-professional soccer club based in Perth. It was established by the local Serbian Australian community in 1978 as Dianella Serbia. In 2023, the club will compete in the Football West Sta ...

Dianella Gracilis
Dianella may refer to: * ''Dianella'' (beetle), a species and genus of beetle in the family Carabidae now known as ''Diamella'' * ''Dianella'' (gastropod), a genus of freshwater snails in the family Hydrobiidae * ''Dianella'' (plant), a genus of flowering plants * Dianella, Western Australia, a suburb of Perth, Australia ** Dianella White Eagles Dianella White Eagles Soccer Club is an Australian semi-professional soccer club based in Perth. It was established by the local Serbian Australian community in 1978 as Dianella Serbia. In 2023, the club will compete in the Football West Sta ...

Extinction
Extinction is the termination of a kind of organism or of a group of kinds (taxon), usually a species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of the species, although the capacity to breed and recover may have been lost before this point. Because a species' potential range may be very large, determining this moment is difficult, and is usually done retrospectively. This difficulty leads to phenomena such as Lazarus taxa, where a species presumed extinct abruptly "reappears" (typically in the fossil record) after a period of apparent absence. More than 99% of all species that ever lived on Earth, amounting to over five billion species, are estimated to have died out. It is estimated that there are currently around 8.7 million species of eukaryote globally, and possibly many times more if microorganisms, like bacteria, are included. Notable extinct animal species include non-avian dinosaurs, saber-toothed cats, dodos, m ...
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Radula
The radula (, ; plural radulae or radulas) is an anatomical structure used by molluscs for feeding, sometimes compared to a tongue. It is a minutely toothed, chitinous ribbon, which is typically used for scraping or cutting food before the food enters the esophagus. The radula is unique to the molluscs, and is found in every class of mollusc except the bivalves, which instead use cilia, waving filaments that bring minute organisms to the mouth. Within the gastropods, the radula is used in feeding by both herbivorous and carnivorous snails and slugs. The arrangement of teeth ( denticles) on the radular ribbon varies considerably from one group to another. In most of the more ancient lineages of gastropods, the radula is used to graze, by scraping diatoms and other microscopic algae off rock surfaces and other substrates. Predatory marine snails such as the Naticidae use the radula plus an acidic secretion to bore through the shell of other molluscs. Other predatory marine snails ...
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Sculpture (mollusc)
Sculpture is a feature of many of the shells of mollusks. It is three-dimensional ornamentation on the outer surface of the shell, as distinct from either the basic shape of the shell itself or the pattern of colouration, if any. Sculpture is a feature found in the shells of gastropods, bivalves, and scaphopods. The word "sculpture" is also applied to surface features of the aptychus of ammonites, and to the outer surface of some calcareous opercula of marine gastropods such as some species in the family Trochidae. Sculpture can be concave or convex, incised into the surface or raised from it. Sometimes the sculpture has microscopic detailing. The term "sculpture" refers only to the calcareous outer layer of shell, and does not include the proteinaceous periostracum, which is in some cases textured even when the underlying shell surface is smooth. In many taxa, there is no sculpture on the shell surface at all, apart from the presence of fine growth lines. The sculpture ...
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Caspian Sea
The Caspian Sea is the world's largest inland body of water, often described as the world's largest lake or a full-fledged sea. An endorheic basin, it lies between Europe and Asia; east of the Caucasus, west of the broad steppe of Central Asia, south of the fertile plains of Southern Russia in Eastern Europe, and north of the mountainous Iranian Plateau of Western Asia. It covers a surface area of (excluding the highly saline lagoon of Garabogazköl to its east) and a volume of . It has a salinity of approximately 1.2% (12 g/L), about a third of the salinity of average seawater. It is bounded by Kazakhstan to the northeast, Russia to the northwest, Azerbaijan to the southwest, Iran to the south, and Turkmenistan to the southeast. The sea stretches nearly from north to south, with an average width of . Its gross coverage is and the surface is about below sea level. Its main freshwater inflow, Europe's longest river, the Volga, enters at the shallow north end. Two deep ...
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