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Dharmawangsa
Dharmawangsa , stylized regnal name Sri Maharaja Isyana Dharmawangsa Teguh Anantawikramottunggadewa (died 1016) of the Isyana dynasty, was the last raja of the Kingdom of Mataram, who reigned from 990 to 1016 CE. He also known by his posthumous name Wijayamreta Wardhana, which means "powerful in glorious death", which refer to his fight to the death. Reign He succeeded Sri Makutawangsa Wardhana. Dharmawangsa was the patron of the translator of the Mahabharata text into Old Javanese. Dharmawangsa was either the son or son-in-law of Sri Makutawangsawardhana, preceding King of Mataram and grandson of Mpu Sindok. Dharmawangsa conquered several areas, including Bali, and established a colony in West Kalimantan. Dharmawangsa's sister, Princess Mahendradatta, married Udayana, Raja of the Warmadewa Dynasty in Bali, and had a son, Airlangga. In the year 990, Dharmawangsa launched a naval invasion on Sriwijaya in Sumatra and unsuccessfully attempted to capture Palembang, as Sriwijaya repe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mataram Kingdom
The Mataram Kingdom (, jv, ꦩꦠꦫꦩ꧀, ) was a Javanese people, Javanese Hinduism, Hindu–Buddhism, Buddhist kingdom that flourished between the 8th and 11th centuries. It was based in Central Java, and later in East Java. Established by King Sri Sanjaya, Sanjaya, the kingdom was ruled by the Shailendra dynasty and Ishana dynasty. During most of its history the kingdom seems have relied heavily on agriculture, especially extensive rice farming, and later also benefited from maritime trade. According to foreign sources and archaeological findings, the kingdom seems to have been well populated and quite prosperous. The kingdom developed a complex society, had a well developed culture, and achieved a degree of sophistication and refined civilisation. In the period between the late 8th century and the mid-9th century, the kingdom saw the blossoming of classical Javanese art and architecture reflected in the rapid growth of Candi of Indonesia, temple construction. Temples d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Airlangga
Airlangga (also spelled Erlangga), regnal name Rakai Halu Sri Lokeswara Dharmawangsa Airlangga Anantawikramottunggadewa (born 1000/02 in Bali, Indonesia – died 1049 in Java), was the only raja of the Kingdom of Kahuripan. The Kingdom was built from the territory of the Kingdom of Mataram after Mataram was sacked by king Wurawari of Lwaram. He gradually gained support, won back the kingdom once ruled by his uncle, and went on to become one of Java's most notable kings. ''Airlangga'' literally means "jumping water", thus his name means "he who crossed the water", described his life story; born in the court of Bali and during his youth crossed the Bali Strait to stay in Java and later ruled the kingdom in East Java. He belongs to both Ishana and Warmadewa lineages. Early life Airlangga was born from dynastic marriage between Ishana of Java and Warmadewa of Bali. His mother, queen Mahendradatta, was a princess of the Ishana dynasty, the sister of king Dharmawangsa of Mat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kahuripan
Kahuripan (also spelt Kuripan) was an 11th-century Javanese Hindu-Buddhist kingdom with its capital located around the estuarine of Brantas River valley in East Java. The kingdom was short-lived, only spanning the period between 1019 and 1045, and Airlangga was the only raja of the kingdom, which was built out of the rubble of the Kingdom of Mataram after the Srivijaya invasion. Airlangga later in 1045 abdicated in favour of his two sons and divided the kingdom into Janggala and Panjalu (Kadiri). The kingdom's name derived from Old Javanese term ''hurip'' ("to life") with circumfix ''ka- -an'' which means "life" or "livelihood". Later in 14th to 15th century, the former kingdom was recognised as one of Majapahit's 12 provinces. Fall of Mataram Airlangga was the son of queen Mahendradatta (a princess of the Isyana Dynasty, Mataram, the sister of Dharmawangsa) and Udayana Warmadewa (a king of the Warmadewa Dynasty, Bali). Airlangga was born and grew up in Bali, he spend ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Makutawangsa Wardhana
Sri Makutawangsa Wardhana was the king of Mataram Kingdom, in East Java, that ruled prior to 990s CE. He was the son and the successor of Queen Isyana Tunggawijaya and King Sri Lokapala. He belongs to the Isyana dynasty, established by his grandfather, Mpu Sindok that ruled Java circa the 10th century CE. Reign Nothing much known from Makutawangsa's reign. The Pucangan inscription mentioned that he was the grandfather of King Airlangga. The inscription mentioned that he was the heir and successor of Queen Isyana and King Lokapala, he also the grandson of Mpu Sindok. The Pucangan inscription also mentioned another king named Dharmawangsa Teguh, however the exact relation between King Makutawangsa and Dharmawangsa was not clearly described. The inscription mentioned that King Makutawangsa Wardhana had a daughter named Mahendradatta also known as Gunapriya Dharmapatni. She was the queen of Bali, betrothed to King Udayana of Balinese Warmadewas. Queen Mahendradatta was the mother of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sriwijaya
Srivijaya ( id, Sriwijaya) was a Buddhist thalassocratic empire based on the island of Sumatra (in modern-day Indonesia), which influenced much of Southeast Asia. Srivijaya was an important centre for the expansion of Buddhism from the 7th to the 12th century AD. Srivijaya was the first polity to dominate much of western Maritime Southeast Asia. Due to its location, the Srivijaya developed complex technology utilizing maritime resources. In addition, its economy became progressively reliant on the booming trade in the region, thus transforming it into a prestige goods-based economy. The earliest reference to it dates from the 7th century. A Tang dynasty Chinese monk, Yijing, wrote that he visited Srivijaya in year 671 for six months. The earliest known inscription in which the name Srivijaya appears also dates from the 7th century in the Kedukan Bukit inscription found near Palembang, Sumatra, dated 16 June 682. Between the late 7th and early 11th century, Srivijaya rose to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isyana Dynasty
The Ishana dynasty, rulers of the Kingdom of Mataram, was a dynasty of the Hindu Mataram Kingdom on the island of Java. Ishana (Sanskrit: ईशान, IAST: Īśāna, ) refers to a Hindu god who is often considered to be one of the forms of the Hindu destroyer god Shiva. It followed the Sanjaya dynasty, and was established by Mpu Sindok, who moved the capital of the Mataram Kingdom from Central Java to East Java around the year 929. Coedes states, "Sindok, under his reign name Sri Isyana Vikramadharmatungadeva, was always considered the founder of Javanese power in the east of the island." Mpu Sindok's daughter and successor was Isanatungavijaya, who in turn was succeeded by her son Makutavamsavardhana, followed by Dharmawangsa. Pucangan inscription describe the reign of the Isyana dynasty came to an end when the revolt a vassal King Wurawari of Lwaram attacked and destroyed the capital in 1016. Eventually, the ruler Airlangga restored and reunited the kingdom as Kahuripan. Airlangg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mahendradatta
Mahendradatta (961—1011 CE), also known as Gunapriya Dharmapatni, was the queen of Bali, the queen consort of Udayana Warmadewa, also popularly known as King Udayana from Warmadewa dynasty. She was also the mother of Javanese hero-king Airlangga.Hanna, p.24 Her other younger sons are Marakata (later become king of Bali after the death of Udayana) and Anak Wungçu (ascend to Balinese throne after the death of Marakata). Early life Gunapriyadharmapatni was born in 961 and growing up in Watugaluh palace, Eastern Java. She was a Javanese princess of Eastern Javanese Isyana Dynasty, the daughter of king Sri Makutawangsawarddhana of late Mataram Kingdom period. She was the sister of King Dharmawangsa of Mataram. She was later betrothed to Balinese king Udayana, and moved to the island as a queen consort and assumed the name Mahendradatta. Marriage and reign Her powerful position as the princess of ruling Mataram Kingdom has led the historian to suggests that actually Mahendradatt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Udayana Warmadewa
Udayana Warmadewa, also Dharmmodayana Warmadewa, was a king of the island of Bali in the 10th century. He belongs to the Warmadewa dynasty. He was married to the Javanese queen Mahendradatta, also known as Gunapriyadharmapatni. Their son was the famous Airlangga, who replaced the overthrown emperor of Java Dharmawangsa, and ruled in both Java and his original home of Bali.Hanna, p.24 Legacy Udayana is known as one of the earliest historical figure of ancient Bali. His identification as the father of the famous Airlangga, the hero-king of Java, has led him to be the prominence figure in Balinese history in par with ancient Java. As the result his name is associated with Balinese past greatness. In 1962 the Udayana University ( id, Universitas Udayana), a public university was established in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. The university's name was derived from this king. Also, the Indonesian Army named their Bali-based Military Command Region (Kodam), in his honor, the Kodam IX/Udaya ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mahabharata
The ''Mahābhārata'' ( ; sa, महाभारतम्, ', ) is one of the two major Sanskrit epics of ancient India in Hinduism, the other being the ''Rāmāyaṇa''. It narrates the struggle between two groups of cousins in the Kurukshetra War and the fates of the Kaurava and the Pāṇḍava princes and their successors. It also contains philosophical and devotional material, such as a discussion of the four "goals of life" or ''puruṣārtha'' (12.161). Among the principal works and stories in the ''Mahābhārata'' are the '' Bhagavad Gita'', the story of Damayanti, the story of Shakuntala, the story of Pururava and Urvashi, the story of Savitri and Satyavan, the story of Kacha and Devayani, the story of Rishyasringa and an abbreviated version of the ''Rāmāyaṇa'', often considered as works in their own right. Traditionally, the authorship of the ''Mahābhārata'' is attributed to Vyāsa. There have been many attempts to unravel its historical growth and c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
West Kalimantan
West Kalimantan ( id, Kalimantan Barat) is a province of Indonesia. It is one of five Indonesian provinces comprising Kalimantan, the Indonesian part of the island of Borneo. Its capital city is Pontianak, Indonesia, Pontianak. The province has an area of 147,307 km2, and had a population of 4,395,983 at the 2010 CensusBiro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. and 5,414,390 at the 2020 Census. Ethnic groups include the Dayak people, Dayak, Malay people, Malay, Chinese Indonesians, Chinese, Javanese people, Javanese, Bugis, and Madurese people, Madurese. The borders of West Kalimantan roughly trace the mountain ranges surrounding the vast watershed of the Kapuas River, which drains most of the province. The province shares land borders with Central Kalimantan to the southeast, East Kalimantan to the east, and the Malaysian territory of Sarawak to the north. West Kalimantan is an area that could be dubbed "The Province of a Thousand Rivers". The nickname is aligned with the geograp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bali
Bali () is a province of Indonesia and the westernmost of the Lesser Sunda Islands. East of Java and west of Lombok, the province includes the island of Bali and a few smaller neighbouring islands, notably Nusa Penida, Nusa Lembongan, and Nusa Ceningan to the southeast. The provincial capital, Denpasar, is the most populous city in the Lesser Sunda Islands and the second-largest, after Makassar, in Eastern Indonesia. The upland town of Ubud in Greater Denpasar is considered Bali's cultural centre. The province is Indonesia's main tourist destination, with a significant rise in tourism since the 1980s. Tourism-related business makes up 80% of its economy. Bali is the only Hindu-majority province in Indonesia, with 86.9% of the population adhering to Balinese Hinduism. It is renowned for its highly developed arts, including traditional and modern dance, sculpture, painting, leather, metalworking, and music. The Indonesian International Film Festival is held every year in Bal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raja
''Raja'' (; from , IAST ') is a royal title used for South Asian monarchs. The title is equivalent to king or princely ruler in South Asia and Southeast Asia. The title has a long history in South Asia and Southeast Asia, being attested from the Rigveda, where a ' is a ruler, see for example the ', the "Battle of Ten Kings". Raja-ruled Indian states While most of the Indian salute states (those granted a gun salute by the British Crown) were ruled by a Maharaja (or variation; some promoted from an earlier Raja- or equivalent style), even exclusively from 13 guns up, a number had Rajas: ; Hereditary salutes of 11-guns : * the Raja of Pindrawal * the Raja of Morni * the Raja of Rajouri * the Raja of Ali Rajpur * the Raja of Bilaspur * the Raja of Chamba * the Raja of Faridkot * the Raja of Jhabua * the Raja of Mandi * the Raja of Manipur * the Raja of Narsinghgarh * the Raja of Pudukkottai * the Raja of Rajgarh * the Raja of Sangli * the Raja of Sailana * the Raj ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
_p281_-_RUINEN_VAN_PRAMBANAN%2C_TJANDI_SEWOE.jpg "Click for more on -> Mataram Kingdom")
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