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Deslongchampsithyris
''Deslongchampsithyris'' is a genus of brachiopods in the family Chlidonophoridae. Existence Fossils of ''Deslongchampsithyris'' show that species of ''Deslongchampsithyris'' existed around 191 - 183 MYA in the Early Jurassic epoch. There are 2 occurrences of fossils of the genus, one for each of the species. A fossil of '' Deslongchampsithyris moisseevi'' has been discovered in Ukraine and '' Deslongchampsithyris kamyshani'' in Georgia, both near the Black Sea. Characteristics Species of ''Deslongchampsithyris'' are blind like all other species of '' Rhynconellata.'' They are stationary and attach to surfaces, like all other Brachiopods. They are filter feeders(also known as suspension feeders) and their diet consists of suspended food particles (usually phytoplankton). They have a taphonomy of low mg calcite Calcite is a Carbonate minerals, carbonate mineral and the most stable Polymorphism (materials science), polymorph of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). It is a very ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deslongchampsithyris Kamyshani
''Deslongchampsithyris'' is a genus of brachiopods in the family Chlidonophoridae. Existence Fossils of ''Deslongchampsithyris'' show that species of ''Deslongchampsithyris'' existed around 191 - 183 MYA in the Early Jurassic epoch. There are 2 occurrences of fossils of the genus, one for each of the species. A fossil of '' Deslongchampsithyris moisseevi'' has been discovered in Ukraine and '' Deslongchampsithyris kamyshani'' in Georgia, both near the Black Sea. Characteristics Species of ''Deslongchampsithyris'' are blind like all other species of '' Rhynconellata.'' They are stationary and attach to surfaces, like all other Brachiopods. They are filter feeders(also known as suspension feeders) and their diet consists of suspended food particles (usually phytoplankton). They have a taphonomy of low mg calcite Calcite is a Carbonate minerals, carbonate mineral and the most stable Polymorphism (materials science), polymorph of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). It is a very ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deslongchampsithyris Moisseevi
''Deslongchampsithyris'' is a genus of brachiopods in the family Chlidonophoridae. Existence Fossils of ''Deslongchampsithyris'' show that species of ''Deslongchampsithyris'' existed around 191 - 183 MYA in the Early Jurassic epoch. There are 2 occurrences of fossils of the genus, one for each of the species. A fossil of '' Deslongchampsithyris moisseevi'' has been discovered in Ukraine and ''Deslongchampsithyris kamyshani'' in Georgia, both near the Black Sea. Characteristics Species of ''Deslongchampsithyris'' are blind like all other species of '' Rhynconellata.'' They are stationary and attach to surfaces, like all other Brachiopods. They are filter feeders(also known as suspension feeders) and their diet consists of suspended food particles (usually phytoplankton). They have a taphonomy of low mg calcite like all other ''Brachiopods.'' Subtaxa ''Deslongchampsithyris'' has 2 species, both of which are extinct. * ''Deslongchampsithyris kamyshani ''Deslongcham ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chlidonophoridae
Chlidonophoridae is a family of brachiopods belonging to the order Terebratulida. Existence Fossils of Chlidonophoridae have been discovered as early as 191-183 MYA in the Jurassic period. her has a total of 52 species out of which 25 are extant to the present day (48%). There have been a total of 697 occurrences of the genus, most located in the Gulf of Mexico, North coast of Europe, West of Australia, East of Africa and South of South America. Charactersistics All species of Chlidonophoridae are blind like all species of Rhynchonellata. They are stationary and are attached to a surface. They are suspension feeders also called filter feeders and their diet consists of suspended food particles like phytoplankton. They also have a taphonomy of low Mg calcite like all other brachiopods. Subtaxa Subfamily Chlidonophorinae * ''Chlidonophora'' * ''Deslongchampsithyris'' * '' Disculina'' * '' Gisilina'' * '' Meonia'' * '' Prochlidonophora'' * '' ''Rugia'''' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sinemurian
In the geologic timescale, the Sinemurian is an age and stage in the Early or Lower Jurassic Epoch or Series. It spans the time between 199.3 ± 2 Ma and 190.8 ± 1.5 Ma (million years ago). The Sinemurian is preceded by the Hettangian and is followed by the Pliensbachian. In Europe the Sinemurian age, together with the Hettangian age, saw the deposition of the lower Lias, in Great Britain known as the Blue Lias. Stratigraphic definitions The Sinemurian Stage was defined and introduced into scientific literature by French palaeontologist Alcide d'Orbigny in 1842. It takes its name from the French town of Semur-en-Auxois, near Dijon. The calcareous soil formed from the Jurassic limestone of the region is in part responsible for the character of the classic Sancerre wines. The base of the Sinemurian Stage is at the first appearance of the ammonite genera ''Vermiceras'' and '' Metophioceras'' in the stratigraphic record. A global reference profile ( GSSP or golden spike) for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhynchonellata
The Rhynchonellata is a class of Lower Cambrian to Recent articulate brachiopods that combines orders from within the Rhynchonelliformea (Articulata revised) with well developed pedicle attachment. Shell forms vary from those with wide hinge lines to beaked forms with virtually no hinge line and from generally smooth to strongly plicate. Most all are biconvex. Lophophores vary and include both looped and spiraled forms. Although morphologically distinct, included orders follow a consistent phylogenetic sequence. Orders Orders assigned to the Rhynchonellata, in temporal sequence, include: * Protorthida ''L Camb - U Dev'' * Orthida ''L Camb - U Perm'' * Pentamerida ''M Camb - U Dev'' * Atrypida ''L Ord - U Dev'' * Rhynchonellida ''L Ord -Rec'' * Spiriferida ''U Ord - U Perm'' * Athyridida ''U Ord - L Jura'' * Spiriferinida ''L Dev - L Jura'' * Terebratulida ''L Dev - Rec'' * Thecideida ''U Trias - Rec'' The Atrypida, Athyridida, Spiriferida, and Spiriferinida were pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calcite
Calcite is a Carbonate minerals, carbonate mineral and the most stable Polymorphism (materials science), polymorph of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). It is a very common mineral, particularly as a component of limestone. Calcite defines hardness 3 on the Mohs scale of mineral hardness, based on Scratch hardness, scratch hardness comparison. Large calcite crystals are used in optical equipment, and limestone composed mostly of calcite has numerous uses. Other polymorphs of calcium carbonate are the minerals aragonite and vaterite. Aragonite will change to calcite over timescales of days or less at temperatures exceeding 300 °C, and vaterite is even less stable. Etymology Calcite is derived from the German ''Calcit'', a term from the 19th century that came from the Latin word for Lime (material), lime, ''calx'' (genitive calcis) with the suffix "-ite" used to name minerals. It is thus etymologically related to chalk. When applied by archaeology, archaeologists and stone trade pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taphonomy
Taphonomy is the study of how organisms decay and become fossilized or preserved in the paleontological record. The term ''taphonomy'' (from Greek , 'burial' and , 'law') was introduced to paleontology in 1940 by Soviet scientist Ivan Efremov to describe the study of the transition of remains, parts, or products of organisms from the biosphere to the lithosphere. The term taphomorph is used to describe fossil structures that represent poorly-preserved, deteriorated remains of a mixture of taxonomic groups, rather than of a single one. Description Taphonomic phenomena are grouped into two phases: biostratinomy, events that occur between death of the organism and the burial; and diagenesis, events that occur after the burial. Since Efremov's definition, taphonomy has expanded to include the fossilization of organic and inorganic materials through both cultural and environmental influences. This is a multidisciplinary concept and is used in slightly different contexts throughout ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phytoplankton
Phytoplankton () are the autotrophic (self-feeding) components of the plankton community and a key part of ocean and freshwater ecosystems. The name comes from the Greek words (), meaning 'plant', and (), meaning 'wanderer' or 'drifter'. Phytoplankton obtain their energy through photosynthesis, as do trees and other plants on land. This means phytoplankton must have light from the sun, so they live in the well-lit surface layers (euphotic zone) of oceans and lakes. In comparison with terrestrial plants, phytoplankton are distributed over a larger surface area, are exposed to less seasonal variation and have markedly faster turnover rates than trees (days versus decades). As a result, phytoplankton respond rapidly on a global scale to climate variations. Phytoplankton form the base of marine and freshwater food webs and are key players in the global carbon cycle. They account for about half of global photosynthetic activity and at least half of the oxygen production, despite ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Filter Feeder
Filter feeders are a sub-group of suspension feeding animals that feed by straining suspended matter and food particles from water, typically by passing the water over a specialized filtering structure. Some animals that use this method of feeding are clams, krill, sponges, baleen whales, and many fish (including some sharks). Some birds, such as flamingos and certain species of duck, are also filter feeders. Filter feeders can play an important role in clarifying water, and are therefore considered ecosystem engineers. They are also important in bioaccumulation and, as a result, as indicator organisms. Fish Most forage fish are filter feeders. For example, the Atlantic menhaden, a type of herring, lives on plankton caught in midwater. Adult menhaden can filter up to four gallons of water a minute and play an important role in clarifying ocean water. They are also a natural check to the deadly red tide. Extensive article on the role of menhaden in the ecosystem and possible resul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ukraine
Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian invasion, it was the eighth-most populous country in Europe, with a population of around 41 million people. It is also bordered by Belarus to the north; by Poland, Slovakia, and Hungary to the west; and by Romania and Moldova to the southwest; with a coastline along the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov to the south and southeast. Kyiv is the nation's capital and largest city. Ukraine's state language is Ukrainian; Russian is also widely spoken, especially in the east and south. During the Middle Ages, Ukraine was the site of early Slavic expansion and the area later became a key centre of East Slavic culture under the state of Kievan Rus', which emerged in the 9th century. The state eventually disintegrated into rival regional po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black Sea
The Black Sea is a marginal mediterranean sea of the Atlantic Ocean lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia. It is bounded by Bulgaria, Georgia, Romania, Russia, Turkey, and Ukraine. The Black Sea is supplied by major rivers, principally the Danube, Dnieper, and Don. Consequently, while six countries have a coastline on the sea, its drainage basin includes parts of 24 countries in Europe. The Black Sea covers (not including the Sea of Azov), has a maximum depth of , and a volume of . Most of its coasts ascend rapidly. These rises are the Pontic Mountains to the south, bar the southwest-facing peninsulas, the Caucasus Mountains to the east, and the Crimean Mountains to the mid-north. In the west, the coast is generally small floodplains below foothills such as the Strandzha; Cape Emine, a dwindling of the east end of the Balkan Mountains; and the Dobruja Plateau considerably farth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgia (country)
Georgia (, ; ) is a transcontinental country at the intersection of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is part of the Caucasus region, bounded by the Black Sea to the west, by Russia to the north and northeast, by Turkey to the southwest, by Armenia to the south, and by Azerbaijan to the southeast. The country covers an area of , and has a population of 3.7 million people. Tbilisi is its capital as well as its largest city, home to roughly a third of the Georgian population. During the classical era, several independent kingdoms became established in what is now Georgia, such as Colchis and Iberia. In the early 4th century, ethnic Georgians officially adopted Christianity, which contributed to the spiritual and political unification of the early Georgian states. In the Middle Ages, the unified Kingdom of Georgia emerged and reached its Golden Age during the reign of King David IV and Queen Tamar in the 12th and early 13th centuries. Thereafter, the kingdom decl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
