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Darkinung
The Darkinyung are an indigenous Australian people of New South Wales. Country According to R. H. Mathews, the Darkinyung's territory encompassed the lands to the south of the Hunter River, from Jerry's Plains towards Maitland, extending as far to the south as Wollombi Brook, Putty Creek, inclusive of the Macdonald, Colo, and Hawkesbury rivers. History of contact with white settlers In 1789, Governor Arthur Phillip conducted a boat expedition upstream to the branches of the Hawkesbury River, encountering the local inhabitants. He returned overland in 1791; members of his party who were natives of the Cumberland Plain confirmed that the people there were of a distinct group that spoke a different language. Phillip wrote: "Two of those natives who have lived amongst us for some time were with us, which was from them that we understood, our new friends had a language different from theirs." The British referred to these inhabitants of the upper Hawkesbury, Richmond Hill, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hawkesbury River
The Hawkesbury River, or Hawkesbury-Nepean River, is a river located northwest of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The Hawkesbury River and its associated main tributary, the Nepean River, almost encircle the metropolitan region of Sydney. The Hawkesbury River has its origin at the confluence of the Nepean River and the Grose River, to the north of Penrith and travels for approximately in a north–easterly and then a south–easterly direction to its mouth at Broken Bay, about from the Tasman Sea. The Hawkesbury River is the main tributary of Broken Bay. Secondary tributaries include Brisbane Water and Pittwater, which, together with the Hawkesbury River, flow into Broken Bay and thence into the Tasman Sea north of Barrenjoey Head. The total catchment area of the river is approximately and the area is generally administered by the Hawkesbury–Nepean Catchment Management Authority. The land adjacent to the Hawkesbury River was occupied by Aboriginal peoples: th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indigenous Australian
Indigenous Australians or Australian First Nations are people with familial heritage from, and membership in, the ethnic groups that lived in Australia before British colonisation. They consist of two distinct groups: the Aboriginal peoples of the Australian mainland and Tasmania, and the Torres Strait Islander peoples from the seas between Queensland and Papua New Guinea. The term Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples or the person's specific cultural group, is often preferred, though the terms First Nations of Australia, First Peoples of Australia and First Australians are also increasingly common; 812,728 people self-identified as being of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander origin in the 2021 Australian Census, representing 3.2% of the total population of Australia. Of these indigenous Australians, 91.4% identified as Aboriginal; 4.2% identified as Torres Strait Islander; while 4.4% identified with both groups. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richmond, New South Wales
Richmond is a town in New South Wales, in the local government area of the City of Hawkesbury. It is located 19 metres above sea level on the alluvial Hawkesbury River flats, at the foot of the Blue Mountains on the Cumberland Plain. It is about 65 km by road from Sydney and about 78 km by road from Lithgow. History The Darug people were the Aboriginal peoples to the area in 1788. The area was originally explored by British settlers in 1789 and the nearby eminence to the west of the Hawkesbury River was known by them as 'Richmond Hill'. The name was given by Governor Arthur Phillip, in honour of Charles Lennox, the third Duke of Richmond who was Master General of Ordnance in the Pitt administration. The local area was the third area to have European settlement in Australia after Sydney and Parramatta. The first 22 European settlers came to the area in 1794. They came to farm a total of in what is now Pitt Town Bottoms. They needed good farming land to help overcome ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Mitchell (explorer)
Sir Thomas Livingstone Mitchell (15 June 1792 – 5 October 1855), surveyor and explorer of Southeastern Australia, was born at Grangemouth in Stirlingshire, Scotland. In 1827 he took up an appointment as Assistant Surveyor General of New South Wales. The following year he became Surveyor General and remained in this position until his death. Mitchell was knighted in 1839 for his contribution to the surveying of Australia. Early life Born in Scotland on 15 June 1792, he was son of John Mitchell of Carron Works and was brought up from childhood by his uncle, Thomas Livingstone of Parkhall, Stirlingshire. Peninsular War On the death of his uncle, he joined the British army in Portugal as a volunteer in the Peninsular War, at the age of sixteen. On 24 June 1811, at the age of nineteen, he received his first commission as 2nd Lieutenant in the 1st Battalion 95th Rifles (later the Rifle Brigade / Royal Green Jackets). Utilising his skills as a draughtsman of outstanding ab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Blaxland (explorer)
John Blaxland (4 January 1769 – 5 August 1845) was a pioneer settler and explorer in Australia. Early life Blaxland was born in Kent, the eldest son of gentleman farmer John Blaxland and Mary, ''née'' Parker, of Fordwich, Kent, England. He was the older brother of early Australian explorer Gregory Blaxland. His father died when he was eleven and the family moved to Canterbury where he and his brother were educated at The King's School. In 1787 he joined the army and rose to become a captain. He resigned his commission in 1792 and returned to manage the family estates at Newington, Kent. He was married twice: to Sarah Davies from 1794 until her death in childbirth in 1795, and to Harriet, daughter of Jean Louis de Marquett (a merchant of Calcutta and a former guard of Louis XVI), from 1797 until his death in 1845. He and Harriet had four sons and six daughters. Australia In 1805 John and his younger brother Gregory were persuaded by Joseph Banks to emigrate to Australia. Blax ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gregory Blaxland
Gregory Blaxland (17 June 1778 – 1 January 1853) was an English pioneer farmer and explorer in Australia, noted especially for initiating and co-leading the first successful crossing of the Blue Mountains by European settlers. Early life Gregory Blaxland was born 17 June 1778 at Fordwich, Kent, England, the fourth son of John Blaxland, mayor from 1767 to 1774, whose family had owned estates nearby for generations, and Mary, daughter of Captain Parker, R.N. Gregory attended The King's School, Canterbury. In July 1799 in the church of St George the Martyr there, he married 20-year-old Elizabeth, daughter of John Spurdon; they had five sons and two daughters. The Blaxlands were friends of Sir Joseph Banks who appears to have strongly influenced the decision of Gregory and his eldest brother, John, to emigrate to Australia. The government promised them land, convict servants and free passages, in accord with its policy of encouraging 'settlers of responsibility and capital'. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Blaxland (politician)
John Blaxland (26 September 1801 – 26 January 1884) was an English-born Australian businessman and politician. He was born in Kent, England, to Gregory and Elizabeth Blaxland, and baptised at All Saints' Church, Purleigh, Essex. He came to New South Wales in 1805–6 with his family at the age of five. In New South Wales, his father became a merchant, businessman, and an explorer who would take a leading role in the first successful crossing of the Blue Mountains. On 23 December 1845, John Blaxland married Ellen Falkner, with whom he had nine children. He was a merchant, and also became a Director of the Australian Joint Stock Bank and Auditor of the City Bank. He was appointed to the New South Wales Legislative Council in 1863, and served there until his death at Ryde, New South Wales, in 1884. He died at his home, The Hermitage, Denistone, and his remains are buried in St Anne's Churchyard, Ryde, New South Wales Ryde is a suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrew Thompson (convict, Magistrate)
Andrew Thompson ( – 22 October 1810) was transported at the age of 18 to New South Wales, arriving in Sydney on 14 February 1792. He rose to become a respected chief constable in the Hawkesbury district, a successful farmer and businessman, and eventually the wealthiest settler in early colonial Australia. In 1810 he was the first ex-convict to be appointed as magistrate. Early life and conviction in Scotland Thompson was born into a rural weaving family in the Scottish border town of Yetholm and baptised the parish church of Kirk Yetholm on 7 February 1773. He was well educated at the local parish school. On 25 August 1790 Andrew was charged, along with an itinerant weaver John Aitkin, of stealing from his brother William and a local merchant. Aitkin escaped to England and was outlawed but Thompson was convicted at an assizes trial in Jedburgh on 22 September 1790 to 14 years transportation. He was taken from the Jedburgh Tolbooth gaol to Portsmouth and was loaded onto the c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Springwood, New South Wales
Springwood is a town in the Blue Mountains, New South Wales, Australia. Springwood is located 72 kilometres west of the Sydney CBD in the local government area of the City of Blue Mountains. At the , Springwood had a population of 8,475 people. Springwood is near the Blue Mountains National Park and the Greater Blue Mountains Area World Heritage Site. It is 371 metres above sea level and, like most of the towns in the vicinity, is located on a narrow ridge between two gorges. Winmalee is to the north. Springwood railway station sits between Valley Heights and Faulconbridge on the Blue Mountains railway line. History The Springwood area was first occupied by the Oryang-Ora Aboriginal people belonging to the wider Darug Aboriginal tribe of the wider Sydney region. They settled the area about 40,000 years ago, with many rock carvings and art sites in the area. At the time of settlement the chief of the clan was Oryang Jack who was drawn by French artist Pellier. "Oryang-Ora" wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kurrajong, New South Wales
Kurrajong is a small town in New South Wales, Australia. Kurrajong is located north-west of Sydney, in the Local government in Australia, local government area of the City of Hawkesbury. Kurrajong is located to the west of the Hawkesbury River on the lower slopes of the Blue Mountains (Australia), Blue Mountains. It is north-west of Richmond, New South Wales, Richmond on the Bells Line of Road, with Kurrajong Hills, New South Wales, Kurrajong Hills and Kurrajong Heights, New South Wales, Kurrajong Heights further west on this road. History Kurrajong is a popular destination for tourists who enjoy the village's peaceful atmosphere and attractive natural surrounds. Kurrajong is an Indigenous Australian, Aboriginal name for several species of Australian trees in the genus ''Brachychiton'', which once grew in abundance in the area. The bark fibres were used to make fishing nets, ropes and baskets. The area is on traditional Dharug land and was first settled by Europeans aroun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cumberland Plain
The Cumberland Plain, an IBRA biogeographic region, is a relatively flat region lying to the west of Sydney CBD in New South Wales, Australia. Cumberland Basin is the preferred physiographic and geological term for the low-lying plain of the Permian-Triassic Sydney Basin found between Sydney and the Blue Mountains, and it is a structural sub-basin of the Sydney Basin. The Cumberland Plain has an area of roughly , which lies on Triassic shales and sandstones. Shaping the geography of Sydney, it extends from north of Windsor in the north, to Picton in the south; and from the Nepean-Hawkesbury River in the west almost to Sydney City's Inner West in the east. Much of the Sydney metropolitan area is located on the Plain. The Hornsby Plateau is located to the north and is dissected by steep valleys. The plain takes its name from Cumberland County, in which it is situated, one of the cadastral land divisions of New South Wales. The name ''Cumberland'' was conferred on the County ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Hamilton Mathews
Robert Hamilton Mathews (1841–1918) was an Australian surveyor and self-taught anthropologist who studied the Aboriginal cultures of Australia, especially those of Victoria, New South Wales and southern Queensland. He was a member of the Royal Society of New South Wales and a corresponding member of the Anthropological Institute of London (later the Royal Anthropological Institute). Mathews had no academic qualifications and received no university backing for his research. Mathews supported himself and his family from investments made during his lucrative career as a licensed surveyor. He was in his early fifties when he began the investigations of Aboriginal society that would dominate the last 25 years of his life. During this period he published 171 works of anthropology running to approximately 2200 pages. Mathews enjoyed friendly relations with Aboriginal communities in many parts of south-east Australia. Marginalia in a book owned by Mathews suggest that Aboriginal p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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