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Cryptogrammoideae
Cryptogrammoideae is a subfamily of ferns in the family Pteridaceae. The subfamily contains three genera and about 23 species. Taxonomy In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), Cryptogrammoideae is one of the five subfamilies of the family Pteridaceae. Although the subfamily Cryptogrammoideae is similar to the family Cryptogrammaceae proposed by Pichi Sermolli in 1963, that group contained the morphologically similar genus '' Onychium'' (now in the subfamily Pteridoideae) instead of the less morphologically similar genus ''Coniogramme ''Coniogramme'' is one of three genera in the subfamily Cryptogrammoideae of the fern family Pteridaceae. A cultivated species, '' Coniogramme pilosa'', is known as "bamboo fern." Species *'' Coniogramme affinis'' ( C. Presl) Wall. ex Hieron ...''. In 2006, Smith ''et al.'' included Cryptogrammaceae as part of the family Pteridaceae, and in 2011, Christenhusz ''et al.'' listed its three genera in Cryptogrammoideae, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pteridaceae
Pteridaceae is a family of ferns in the order Polypodiales, including some 1150 known species in ca 45 genera (depending on taxonomic opinions), divided over five subfamilies. The family includes four groups of genera that are sometimes recognized as separate families: the adiantoid, cheilanthoid, pteridoid, and hemionitidoid ferns. Relationships among these groups remain unclear, and although some recent genetic analyses of the Pteridales suggest that neither the family Pteridaceae nor the major groups within it are all monophyletic, as yet these analyses are insufficiently comprehensive and robust to provide good support for a revision of the order at the family level. Description Members of Pteridaceae have creeping or erect rhizomes. The leaves are almost always compound and have linear sori that are typically on the margins of the leaves and lack a true indusium, typically being protected by a false indusium formed from the reflexed margin of the leaf. Taxonomy Tradi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coniogramme
''Coniogramme'' is one of three genera in the subfamily Cryptogrammoideae of the fern family Pteridaceae. A cultivated species, '' Coniogramme pilosa'', is known as "bamboo fern." Species *'' Coniogramme affinis'' ( C. Presl) Wall. ex Hieron. *'' Coniogramme africana'' Hieron. *'' Coniogramme ankangensis'' Ching & Hsu *'' Coniogramme caudata'' ( Wall. ex Ettingsh.) Ching *'' Coniogramme centrochinensis'' Ching *'' Coniogramme crenatoserrata'' Ching & K.H. Shing *'' Coniogramme emeiensis'' Ching & K.H. Shing *'' Coniogramme falcata'' ( D. Don) Salom. *'' Coniogramme falcipinna'' Ching & K.H. Shing *'' Coniogramme fraxinea'' ( D. Don) Diels *'' Coniogramme gigantea'' Ching *'' Coniogramme gracilis'' M. Ogata *'' Coniogramme guangdongensis'' Ching *'' Coniogramme guizhouensis'' Ching & K.H. Shing *'' Coniogramme japonica'' (Thunb.) Diels—bamboo fern. *'' Coniogramme jinggangshanensis'' Ching & K.H. Shing *'' Coniogramme lanceolata'' Ching *'' Coniogramme la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cryptogramma
''Cryptogramma'' is a genus of ferns known commonly as rockbrakes or parsley ferns. They are one of the three genera in the Cryptogrammoideae subfamily of the Pteridaceae. ''Cryptogramma'' ferns can be found in temperate regions on several continents worldwide. These ferns have two kinds of leaves which often look so different that at first glance they appear to belong to different plants. The fertile leaves have long, narrow, bumpy segments with undersides covered thickly in sporangia. The edges of the segments may curl back to cover the sporangia, forming a false indusium. The sterile leaves have thinner, wider segments which may be rounded and resemble the leaves of parsley. These ferns grow in rocky areas, often in crevices and cracks. Distribution In North America, species within this genus are distributed over western and northern United States, Northwestern Mexico, and Canada. Species *''Cryptogramma acrostichoides'' - American rockbrake *''Cryptogramma cascadensis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Llavea
''Llavea'' is a monotypic genus of fern in the family Pteridaceae. The sole species is ''Llavea cordifolia''. It is often cultivated as an ornamental foliage plant. The genus was named in honour of Pablo de La Llave, a Mexican naturalist. Recent cladistic studies have shown that this genus forms a natural group with '' Cryptogramma'' and ''Coniogramme'', a group that is sister to all the other pteridoid ferns. This group has been published as the Cryptogrammoideae, one of five subfamilies of the Pteridaceae Pteridaceae is a family of ferns in the order Polypodiales, including some 1150 known species in ca 45 genera (depending on taxonomic opinions), divided over five subfamilies. The family includes four groups of genera that are sometimes recogni .... References External links * Pteridaceae Monotypic fern genera {{Pteridaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group
The Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group, or PPG, is an informal international group of systematic botanists who collaborate to establish a consensus on the classification of pteridophytes (lycophytes and ferns) that reflects knowledge about plant relationships discovered through phylogenetic studies. In 2016, the group published a classification for extant pteridophytes, termed "PPG I". The paper had 94 authors (26 principal and 68 additional). PPG I A first classification, PPG I, was produced in 2016, covering only extant (living) pteridophytes. The classification was rank-based, using the ranks of class, subclass, order, suborder, family, subfamily and genus. Phylogeny The classification was based on a consensus phylogeny, shown below to the level of order. The very large order Polypodiales was divided into two suborders, as well as families not placed in a suborder: Classification to subfamily level To the level of subfamily, the PPG I classification is as follows. *Class Lycopodi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pteridoideae
''Pteridoideae'' is one of the five subfamilies of the fern family Pteridaceae. This subfamily contains about 14 genera and around 400 species. Taxonomy Phylogeny The following diagram shows a likely phylogenic relationship between Pteridoideae and the other the Pteridaceae subfamilies. The cladogram below shows one hypothesis for the evolutionary relationships among the genera of the Pteridoideae, based on a maximum likelihood analysis using six plastid markers. The authors of the study identified four major clades. The ''Pteris'' and JAPSTT clades are found worldwide; the GAPCC clade is pantropical; and the ''Actiniopteris''+''Onychium'' clade is restricted to the Old World. Genera The Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I) recognized 13 genera. Shortly afterwards, the genus ''Gastoniella'' was created for three species formerly placed in ''Anogramma'' which a molecular phylogenetic analysis had shown to be distinct. *'' Actiniopteris'' Link *'' Anogra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parkerioideae
Parkerioideae, Synonym (taxonomy), synonym Ceratopteridoideae, is one of the five subfamilies in the fern family Pteridaceae. It includes only the two genera ''Acrostichum'' and ''Ceratopteris''. The following diagram shows a likely phylogenic relationship between the two Parkerioideae genera and the other Pteridaceae subfamilies. References Pteridaceae Plant subfamilies {{Pteridaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cheilanthoideae
Cheilanthoideae is one of the five subfamilies of the fern family Pteridaceae. The subfamily is thought to be monophyletic, but some of the genera into which it has been divided are not, and the taxonomic status of many of its genera and species remains uncertain, with radically different approaches in use . Phylogenic relationships The following phylogram shows a likely relationship between Cheilanthoideae and the other Pteridaceae subfamilies. Although subfamily Cheilanthoideae itself is thought to be monophyletic, many of the genera into which it has been divided (including ''Cheilanthes'', ''Doryopteris'', ''Notholaena'', and ''Pellaea'') have been shown to be polyphyletic. Genera The division of the subfamily Cheilanthoideae into genera and species remains uncertain . Christenhusz et al. (2011), the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), and the November 2019 version of the ''Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World'' (''World Ferns'' 8.11) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vittarioideae
Vittarioideae is a subfamily of the fern family Pteridaceae, in the order Polypodiales. The subfamily includes the previous families Adiantaceae (adiantoids or maidenhair ferns) and Vittariaceae (vittarioids or shoestring ferns). Description The subfamily includes two distinct groups of ferns: the adiantoids, consisting of the single genus ''Adiantum'', and the vittarioids, several genera, including ''Vittaria'', which typically have highly reduced leaves, usually entire, and an epiphytic habit. The ferns historically considered as ''Adiantum'' include both petrophilic and terrestrial plants. The vittarioid ferns are primarily epiphytic in tropical regions and all have simple leaves with sori that follow the veins and lack true indusia; the sori are most often marginal with a false indusium formed from the reflexed leaf margin. The family also includes a species, '' Vittaria appalachiana'', that is highly unusual in that the sporophyte stage of the life cycle is absent. This spe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cryptogramma Crispa
''Cryptogramma crispa'', the parsley fern, is an Arctic–alpine species of fern. It produces separate sterile and fertile fronds, up to tall, and is a pioneer species on acidic screes. Description The fronds of ''C. crispa'' are long and appear in two distinct forms. Sterile leaves are 2–3-pinnate with the pinnules long by wide, while fertile leaves are 3–4-pinnate, and with narrower pinnules. The fertile leaves have sori scattered along the veins, each with a strongly enrolled false indusium. The sporangia are yellow and mature around midsummer. Distribution and ecology ''Cryptogramma crispa'' grows among acidic rocks in areas where snow lies until late in the year. It is a pioneer species on stable scree slopes and also occurs on cliffs and dry stone walls. In Europe, ''C. crispa'' has an Arctic–alpine distribution, growing in the mountains of Central and Southern Europe, as well as in the north of the continent, including Scandinavia and higher ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fern
A fern (Polypodiopsida or Polypodiophyta ) is a member of a group of vascular plants (plants with xylem and phloem) that reproduce via spores and have neither seeds nor flowers. The polypodiophytes include all living pteridophytes except the lycopods, and differ from mosses and other bryophytes by being vascular, i.e., having specialized tissues that conduct water and nutrients and in having life cycles in which the branched sporophyte is the dominant phase. Ferns have complex leaves called megaphylls, that are more complex than the microphylls of clubmosses. Most ferns are leptosporangiate ferns. They produce coiled fiddleheads that uncoil and expand into fronds. The group includes about 10,560 known extant species. Ferns are defined here in the broad sense, being all of the Polypodiopsida, comprising both the leptosporangiate (Polypodiidae) and eusporangiate ferns, the latter group including horsetails, whisk ferns, marattioid ferns, and ophioglossoid ferns. Ferns first ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pichi Sermolli
The pichi (''Zaedyus pichiy''), dwarf armadillo or pygmy armadillo is an armadillo native to Argentina. It is the only living member of the genus ''Zaedyus'', and the only armadillo to hibernate. Description Pichis are relatively small armadillos, measuring approximately long, with a tail of about . Adults weigh anything from , and males may be slightly larger than females. The carapace varies from light yellow to near-black, and consists of heavy scapular and pelvic shields composed of rectangular osteoderms, and separated by six to eight movable bands. An additional "nuchal" band lies in front of the scapular shield, and there is also a triangular shield on top of the head, and further osteoderms along the tail. The underside of the animal has a coat of tan-coloured hair, which is thicker and longer in winter; there are also a few long hairs protruding through small holes near the posterior edge of some of the scales. Pichis have well-developed claws on all four feet. The ea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
