Caribou Fire
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Caribou Fire
The Caribou Fire (also known as the Linklater Fire) was a wildfire in the Kootenai National Forest, 21 miles northwest of Eureka, Montana in the United States. The fire, which was first reported on August 11, 2017, was started by a lightning strike and burned a total of , including acres in Canada. The fire threatened the community of West Kootenai, Montana, resulting in a mandatory evacuation of the community. It destroyed 10 homes. The Caribou Fire was one three fires burning in the forest, alongside the Gibralter Fire and Weasel Fire. Events August The Caribou Fire was reported on August 11, 2017, at 10:51 AM, 21 miles northwest of Eureka in the Yaak Area of Kootenai National Forest. It was started by a lightning strike in the upper reaches of Caribou Creek and Robinson Mountain. It was fueled by subalpine fir timber and dead and downed spruce. Crews estimated the fire had burned by August 24, leading fire crews to begin mopping and patrolling for flare ups. The fire resulted ...
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Kootenai National Forest
The Kootenai National Forest is a national forest located in the far northwestern section of Montana and the northeasternmost lands in the Idaho panhandle in the United States, along the Canada–US border. Of the administered by the forest, less than 3 percent is located in the state of Idaho. Forest headquarters are located in Libby, Montana. There are local ranger district offices in Eureka, Fortine, Libby, Trout Creek, and Troy, Montana. About 53 percent of the Cabinet Mountains Wilderness is located within the forest, with the balance lying in neighboring Kaniksu National Forest. Snowshoe Peak in the Cabinet Mountains Wilderness, at , is the highest peak within the forest. Mountain ranges included in the forest include the Whitefish, Purcell, Bitterroot, Salish, and Cabinet ranges. The Pacific Northwest National Scenic Trail traverses the Forest. More than of the trail are within the Kootenai. The Kootenai and the Clark Fork rivers are the major ri ...
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Montana
Montana () is a state in the Mountain West division of the Western United States. It is bordered by Idaho to the west, North Dakota and South Dakota to the east, Wyoming to the south, and the Canadian provinces of Alberta, British Columbia, and Saskatchewan to the north. It is the fourth-largest state by area, the eighth-least populous state, and the third-least densely populated state. Its state capital is Helena. The western half of Montana contains numerous mountain ranges, while the eastern half is characterized by western prairie terrain and badlands, with smaller mountain ranges found throughout the state. Montana has no official nickname but several unofficial ones, most notably "Big Sky Country", "The Treasure State", "Land of the Shining Mountains", and " The Last Best Place". The economy is primarily based on agriculture, including ranching and cereal grain farming. Other significant economic resources include oil, gas, coal, mining, and lumber. The health ca ...
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United States
The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territories, nine Minor Outlying Islands, and 326 Indian reservations. The United States is also in free association with three Pacific Island sovereign states: the Federated States of Micronesia, the Marshall Islands, and the Republic of Palau. It is the world's third-largest country by both land and total area. It shares land borders with Canada to its north and with Mexico to its south and has maritime borders with the Bahamas, Cuba, Russia, and other nations. With a population of over 333 million, it is the most populous country in the Americas and the third most populous in the world. The national capital of the United States is Washington, D.C. and its most populous city and principal financial center is New York City. Paleo-Americ ...
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Wildfire
A wildfire, forest fire, bushfire, wildland fire or rural fire is an unplanned, uncontrolled and unpredictable fire in an area of Combustibility and flammability, combustible vegetation. Depending on the type of vegetation present, a wildfire may be more specifically identified as a bushfire(bushfires in Australia, in Australia), desert fire, grass fire, hill fire, peat fire, prairie fire, vegetation fire, or veld fire. Fire ecology, Some natural forest ecosystems depend on wildfire. Wildfires are distinct from beneficial human usage of wildland fire, called controlled burn, controlled burning, although controlled burns can turn into wildfires. Fossil charcoal indicates that wildfires began soon after the appearance of terrestrial plants approximately 419 million years ago during the Silurian period. Earth's carbon-rich vegetation, seasonally dry climates, atmospheric oxygen, and widespread lightning and volcanic ignitions create favorable conditions for fires. The occurre ...
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Eureka, Montana
Eureka (Kutenai language: ʔa·knuk̓inʔis) is a town in Lincoln County, Montana, United States, south of the Canada–US border. The population was 1,380 at the 2020 census. The town's mayor is LeeAnn Schermerhorn. Geography Eureka is located on the Tobacco River in an area known as the Tobacco Valley in the United States and as the Tobacco Plains in British Columbia to the north. It is located at (48.880265, −115.049325), approximately from Kalispell. U.S. Route 93 passes through town. The Tobacco River flows through the western part of town. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , all land. History Eureka was founded in the early 1880s as settlers moved north from Missoula and south from Canada and was originally known as Deweyville. It was one of the last areas to be developed in Montana in frontier times, and logging was a major draw and source of income for decades. Eureka was once known as the "Christmas Tree Capital of th ...
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Lightning
Lightning is a naturally occurring electrostatic discharge during which two electric charge, electrically charged regions, both in the atmosphere or with one on the land, ground, temporarily neutralize themselves, causing the instantaneous release of an average of one Joule, gigajoule of energy. This discharge may produce a wide range of electromagnetic radiation, from heat created by the rapid movement of electrons, to brilliant flashes of visible light in the form of black-body radiation. Lightning causes thunder, a sound from the shock wave which develops as gases in the vicinity of the discharge experience a sudden increase in pressure. Lightning occurs commonly during thunderstorms as well as other types of energetic weather systems, but volcanic lightning can also occur during volcanic eruptions. The three main kinds of lightning are distinguished by where they occur: either inside a single Cumulonimbus cloud, thundercloud (intra-cloud), between two clouds (cloud-to-cl ...
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Canada
Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by total area. Its southern and western border with the United States, stretching , is the world's longest binational land border. Canada's capital is Ottawa, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver. Indigenous peoples have continuously inhabited what is now Canada for thousands of years. Beginning in the 16th century, British and French expeditions explored and later settled along the Atlantic coast. As a consequence of various armed conflicts, France ceded nearly all of its colonies in North America in 1763. In 1867, with the union of three British North American colonies through Confederation, Canada was formed as a federal dominion of four provinces. This began an accretion of provinces an ...
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West Kootenai, Montana
West Kootenai is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lincoln County, Montana, United States. The population was 365 at the 2010 census. Boarding School The West Kootenai was the location for an all-boys boarding school due to its remote location. It is now closed. Geography West Kootenai is in northern Lincoln County, Montana on the west side of Lake Koocanusa, a large reservoir on the Kootenai River. The community is within the Kootenai National Forest. The northern boundary of the CDP is the Canada–United States border, with the Regional District of East Kootenay, British Columbia, to the north. There is no border crossing through West Kootenai; road access is from the south via West Kootenai Road. The city of Eureka, Montana, to the southeast as the crow flies, is distant by road. According to the U.S. Census Bureau The United States Census Bureau (USCB), officially the Bureau of the Census, is a principal agency of the U.S. Federal Statistical System, responsible ...
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Gibralter Fire
The Gibralter Fire (also called the Gibralter Ridge Fire) was a wildfire in Kootenai National Forest, east of Eureka, Montana in the United States. The fire, which was started by a lightning strike, was reported on August 7, 2017, and burned a total of . The fire threatened numerous private property and structures, as well as recreational and historical sites in the forest. Events August The Gibralter Fire was started by lightning and was first reported on August 7, 2017, at 9:06 PM in the Kootenai National Forest, seven miles east of Eureka. Burning in steep, inaccessible terrain and fueled by grass and understory timber, the Gibralter Fire caused immediate evacuations of residents in four areas of the forest and closed over 20 forest service roads east and north of U.S. Route 93 and numerous other areas of the forest, including Grave Creek Camp Ground, Bunchgrass Camp Ground, Clarence Creek Guard Station, Birch Creek Recreation Area, Big and Little Therriault Camp Ground, Horse ...
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Weasel Fire
The Weasel Fire was a wildfire 17 miles northeast of Eureka in the Kootenai National Forest in Montana in the United States. The fire was started by a lightning strike and first reported on September 2, 2017. The fire burned a total of and was one of three fires, alongside the Gibralter Fire and Caribou Fire, burning in the vicinity at the same time. July 30, 2022, another fire was also named the Weasel Fire. According to the Montana DNRC website the location is 48.976646977409395, -114.7491624746314, about 15 miles northeast of Eureka in the Kootenai National Forest in Montana in the United States. Events 2017 - The Weasel Fire resulted from a lightning strike in the Kootenai National Forest The Kootenai National Forest is a national forest located in the far northwestern section of Montana and the northeasternmost lands in the Idaho panhandle in the United States, along the Canada–US border. Of the administered by the forest, le ..., 17 miles northeast of Eureka. ...
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Subalpine Fir
''Abies lasiocarpa'', the subalpine fir or Rocky Mountain fir, is a western North American fir tree. Description ''Abies lasiocarpa'' is a medium-sized evergreen conifer with a very narrow conic crown, growing to tall, exceptionally , with a trunk up to thick, exceptionally . The bark on young trees is smooth, gray, and with resin blisters, becoming rough and fissured or scaly on old trees. The lowest branches can be observed growing above ground level. The leaves are flat and needle-like, long, glaucous green above with a broad stripe of stomata, and two blue-white stomatal bands below; the fresh leaf scars are reddish (tan on the inland variety). They are arranged spirally on the shoot, but with the leaf bases twisted to be arranged to the sides of and above the shoot, with few or none below the shoot. The cones are erect, long, dark purple with fine yellow-brown pubescence, ripening brown and disintegrating to release the winged seeds in early fall. Taxonomy There are ...
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Fire Retardant
A fire retardant is a substance that is used to slow down or stop the spread of fire or reduce its intensity. This is commonly accomplished by chemical reactions that reduce the flammability of fuels or delay their combustion. Fire retardants may also cool the fuel through physical action or endothermic chemical reactions. Fire retardants are available as powder, to be mixed with water, as fire-fighting foams and fire-retardant gels. Fire retardants are also available as coatings or sprays to be applied to an object. Fire retardants are commonly used in fire fighting, where they may be applied aerially or from the ground. Principles of operation In general, fire retardants reduce the flammability of materials by either blocking the fire physically or by initiating a chemical reaction that stops the fire. Physical action There are several ways in which the combustion process can be retarded by physical action: * By cooling: Some chemical reactions actually cool the material d ...
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