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Calhoun Colored School
The Calhoun Colored School (1892–1945) was a private boarding and day school in Calhoun, Lowndes County, Alabama, about southwest of the capital of Montgomery. It was founded in 1892 by Charlotte Thorn and Mabel Dillingham, from New England, in partnership with Booker T. Washington of Tuskegee Institute, to provide education to rural black students. African Americans comprised the majority in this area, and the state had segregated facilities. Calhoun Colored School was first designed to educate rural black students according to the industrial school model common at the time. In addition, the school sponsored a land bank that helped 85 families buy land. It created a joint venture with the county to improve a local road so farmers could get their products to market. As the school developed, it raised its standards, created a large library, and offered more of an academic curriculum. Historic site The principal's house, the only surviving original building, has been listed on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calhoun, Alabama
Calhoun is an unincorporated community in Lowndes County, Alabama, United States. History A post office operated under the name Calhoun from 1851 to 1973. Calhoun was formerly home to the Calhoun Colored School, a private boarding and day school. Ramah Baptist Church in Calhoun is listed on the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage. Notable natives * Sidney Dickinson, painter * William K. Payne, president of Georgia State College from 1949 until his death in 1963 * Tommy Sampson, second baseman in the Negro leagues The Negro leagues were United States professional baseball leagues comprising teams of African Americans and, to a lesser extent, Latin Americans. The term may be used broadly to include professional black teams outside the leagues and it may be ... References Unincorporated communities in Lowndes County, Alabama Unincorporated communities in Alabama {{LowndesCountyAL-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rural
In general, a rural area or a countryside is a geographic area that is located outside towns and cities. Typical rural areas have a low population density and small settlements. Agricultural areas and areas with forestry typically are described as rural. Different countries have varying definitions of ''rural'' for statistical and administrative purposes. In rural areas, because of their unique economic and social dynamics, and relationship to land-based industry such as agriculture, forestry and resource extraction, the economics are very different from cities and can be subject to boom and bust cycles and vulnerability to extreme weather or natural disasters, such as droughts. These dynamics alongside larger economic forces encouraging to urbanization have led to significant demographic declines, called rural flight, where economic incentives encourage younger populations to go to cities for education and access to jobs, leaving older, less educated and less wealthy populat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hampton University
Hampton University is a private, historically black, research university in Hampton, Virginia. Founded in 1868 as Hampton Agricultural and Industrial School, it was established by Black and White leaders of the American Missionary Association after the American Civil War to provide education to freedmen. The campus houses the Hampton University Museum, which is the oldest museum of the African diaspora in the United States and the oldest museum in the commonwealth of Virginia. First led by former Union General Samuel Chapman Armstrong, Hampton University's main campus is located on 314 acres in Hampton, Virginia, on the banks of the Hampton River. The university offer90 programs including 50 bachelor's degree programs, 25 master's degree programs and nine doctoral programs. The university has a satellite campus in Virginia Beach and also has online offerings. Hampton University is home to 16 research centers, including thHampton University Proton Therapy Institute the largest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carpentry
Carpentry is a skilled trade and a craft in which the primary work performed is the cutting, shaping and installation of building materials during the construction of buildings, ships, timber bridges, concrete formwork, etc. Carpenters traditionally worked with natural wood and did rougher work such as framing, but today many other materials are also used and sometimes the finer trades of cabinetmaking and furniture building are considered carpentry. In the United States, 98.5% of carpenters are male, and it was the fourth most male-dominated occupation in the country in 1999. In 2006 in the United States, there were about 1.5 million carpentry positions. Carpenters are usually the first tradesmen on a job and the last to leave. Carpenters normally framed post-and-beam buildings until the end of the 19th century; now this old-fashioned carpentry is called timber framing. Carpenters learn this trade by being employed through an apprenticeship training—normally 4 years—an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sidney Dickinson
Sidney (sometimes Sydney) Edward Dickinson (November 28, 1890 – April, 1980) was an American painter. Dickinson was born in Wallingford, Connecticut, and was the son of a Congregationalist minister, Charles H. Dickinson. His parents moved frequently; from 1894 to 1901 the family lived in Canandaigua, New York, and they spent time in Fargo, North Dakota and Calhoun, Alabama, where they assisted his aunt, Charlotte Thorn, in the running of the Calhoun Colored School. Dickinson studied with George Bridgman and William Merritt Chase at the Art Students League of New York from 1910 to 1911, and from 1910 to 1912 he was a pupil of Douglas Volk at the school of the National Academy of Design. He spent time traveling around the country doing manual labor, working in lumber camps and finding employment as a surveyor's roadman and farmhand. Dickinson first exhibited with the National Academy in 1915, hanging a self-portrait at that year's winter show. He received a Julius Hallgarten Pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Southern Workman
Southern Workman was a monthly magazine published in the United States by the Hampton Institute Press at Hampton Institute. The press was founded in 1871 and the ''Southern Workman'' began publication in 1872. For a time it was known as the Southern Workman and Hampton School Record. According to the Dictionary of Virginia the magazine "published news and information about Hampton, its faculty, and its graduates, as well as lectures, articles, book reviews, and essays on topics in African American and American Indian history and education." Many volumes of the ''Southern Workman'' are available online. Issues are also in the collections of various libraries. Contributors included columnist Orra Henderson Moore Gray Langhorne, William Anthony Avery, Natalie Curtis, Anna Evans Murray, Jane E. Davis, Julian Bagley, Charles Holston Williams Charles Holston Williams (January 25, 1886 – 1978) was an American choreographer and professor of physical education. He was the organizer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New England
New England is a region comprising six states in the Northeastern United States: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. It is bordered by the state of New York to the west and by the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick to the northeast and Quebec to the north. The Atlantic Ocean is to the east and southeast, and Long Island Sound is to the southwest. Boston is New England's largest city, as well as the capital of Massachusetts. Greater Boston is the largest metropolitan area, with nearly a third of New England's population; this area includes Worcester, Massachusetts (the second-largest city in New England), Manchester, New Hampshire (the largest city in New Hampshire), and Providence, Rhode Island (the capital of and largest city in Rhode Island). In 1620, the Pilgrims, Puritan Separatists from England, established Plymouth Colony, the second successful English settlement in America, following the Jamestown Settlement in Virginia foun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black Belt (geological Formation)
Black Belt is a physical geography term referring to a roughly crescent-shaped geological formation of dark fertile soil in the Southern United States. It is about long and up to wide in ca. east-west orientation, mostly in central Alabama and northeast Mississippi. During the Cretaceous period, about 145 to 66 million years ago, most of what are now the central plains and the Southeastern United States were covered by shallow seas. Tiny marine plankton grew in those seas, and their carbonate skeletons accumulated into massive chalk formations. That chalk eventually became a fertile soil, highly suitable for growing crops. The Black Belt arc was the shoreline of one of those seas, where large amounts of chalk had collected in the shallow waters. History Before the 19th century, this region was a mosaic of prairies and oak-hickory forest. In the 1820s and 1830s, the region was identified as prime land for upland cotton plantations. Short-staple cotton did well here, and it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Disfranchisement After Reconstruction Era
Disfranchisement after the Reconstruction era in the United States, especially in the Southern United States, was based on a series of laws, new constitutions, and practices in the South that were deliberately used to prevent black citizens from registering to vote and voting. These measures were enacted by the former Confederate states at the turn of the 20th century. Efforts were made in Maryland, Kentucky, and Oklahoma. Their actions were designed to thwart the objective of the Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, ratified in 1870, which prohibited states from depriving voters of their voting rights on the basis of race. The laws were frequently written in ways to be ostensibly non-racial on paper (and thus not violate the Fifteenth Amendment), but were implemented in ways that purposely suppressed black voters. Beginning in the 1870s, white racists used violence by domestic terrorism groups (such as the Ku Klux Klan), as well as fraud, to suppress black v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Negro
In the English language, ''negro'' is a term historically used to denote persons considered to be of Black African heritage. The word ''negro'' means the color black in both Spanish and in Portuguese, where English took it from. The term can be construed as offensive, inoffensive, or completely neutral, largely depending on the region or country where it is used, as well as the context in which it is applied. It has various equivalents in other languages of Europe. In English Around 1442, the Portuguese first arrived in Southern Africa while trying to find a sea route to India. The term ', literally meaning "black", was used by the Spanish and Portuguese as a simple description to refer to the Bantu peoples that they encountered. ''Negro'' denotes "black" in Spanish and Portuguese, derived from the Latin word ''niger'', meaning ''black'', which itself is probably from a Proto-Indo-European root ''*nekw-'', "to be dark", akin to ''*nokw-'', "night". ''Negro'' was also used of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Colored
''Colored'' (or ''coloured'') is a racial descriptor historically used in the United States during the Jim Crow, Jim Crow Era to refer to an African Americans, African American. In many places, it may be considered a Pejorative, slur, though it has taken on Coloureds, a special meaning in Southern Africa. Dictionary definitions The word ''colored'' (Middle English ''icoloured'') was first used in the 14th century but with a meaning other than race or ethnicity. The earliest uses of the term to denote a member of dark-skinned groups of peoples occurred in the second part of the 18th century in reference to South America. According to the ''Oxford English Dictionary'', "colored" was first used in this context in 1758 to translate the Spanish term ''mujeres de color'' ('colored women') in Antonio de Ulloa's ''A voyage to South America''. The term came in use in the United States during the early 19th century, and it then was adopted by emancipated slaves as a term of racial pride a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
