|
Spillover Of The Russian Invasion Of Ukraine
Spillover may refer to: * Adsorption spillover, a chemical phenomenon involving the movement of atoms adsorbed onto a metal surface * Catalyst support#Spillover * Behavioral spillover, the effect that one behavior has on other behaviors with a shared motive * Hydrogen spillover * Knowledge spillover, exchange of ideas among individuals * ''Spillover'' (book), or ''Spillover: Animal Infections and the Next Human Pandemic'', a 2012 book by David Quammen * Spillover (economics), an economic event that occurs because of an event in a seemingly unrelated context * Spillover (imaging), in e.g. tomography, an imaging effect that exaggerates small objects, because of limited resolution * Spillover infection or pathogen spillover occurs when an infectious reservoir population affects a novel host * Spillover-crossover model The Spillover-Crossover model is used in psychological research to examine to impact of the work domain on the home domain, and consequently, the transference of w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adsorption Spillover
Adsorption is the adhesion of atoms, ions or molecules from a gas, liquid or dissolved solid to a surface. This process creates a film of the ''adsorbate'' on the surface of the ''adsorbent''. This process differs from absorption, in which a fluid (the ''absorbate'') is dissolved by or permeates a liquid or solid (the ''absorbent''). Adsorption is a ''surface phenomenon'', while absorption involves the whole volume of the material, although adsorption does often precede absorption. The term ''sorption'' encompasses both processes, while ''desorption'' is the reverse of it. Like surface tension, adsorption is a consequence of surface energy. In a bulk material, all the bonding requirements (be they ionic, covalent or metallic) of the constituent atoms of the material are fulfilled by other atoms in the material. However, atoms on the surface of the adsorbent are not wholly surrounded by other adsorbent atoms and therefore can attract adsorbates. The exact nature of the bondi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catalyst Support
In chemistry, a catalyst support is the material, usually a solid with a high surface area, to which a catalyst is affixed. The activity of heterogeneous catalysts is mainly promoted by atoms present at the accessible surface of the material. Consequently, great effort is made to maximize the specific surface area of a catalyst. One popular method for increasing surface area involves distributing the catalyst over the surface of the support. The support may be inert or participate in the catalytic reactions. Typical supports include various kinds of carbon, alumina, and silica. Applying catalysts to supports Two main methods are used to prepare supported catalysts. In the impregnation method, a suspension of the solid support is treated with a solution of a precatalyst, and the resulting material is then activated under conditions that will convert the precatalyst (often a metal salt) to a more active state, perhaps the metal itself. In such cases, the catalyst support is usuall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Behavioral Spillover
Behavioral spillover is the measurable effect that one behavioral intervention has on other behaviors that are not being targeted. Some definitions of behavioral spillover do not require that the first action was the result of an external intervention. Common requirements for defining behavioral spillover include requiring that the spillover must be both observable and causal (the spillover action is a result of the first action). The two actions must be sequential and distinct, representing separate behaviors and actions, not two components or steps of a larger single process. The two behaviors must also share an underlying motivation. Behavioral spillover can be positive, negative, or neutral. In neutral spillover, the decision does not affect other areas. If the behavioral intervention makes other decisions more likely, it is positive spillover; negative spillover results when the intervention makes other decisions less likely. In the context of behaviors to increase sustainabili ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydrogen Spillover
In heterogeneous catalysis, hydrogen molecules can be adsorbed and dissociated by the metal catalyst. Hydrogen spillover is the migration of hydrogen atoms from the metal catalyst onto the nonmetal support or adsorbate.Gardes, G. E. E., Pajonk, G. M., and S. J. Teichner (1974). “Catalytic Demonstration of Hydrogen Spillover from Nickel-Alumina Catalyst to Alumina.” J. Catal. 33, 145-148. Spillover, generally, is the transport of a species adsorbed or formed on a surface onto another surface.R. Prins: ''Hydrogen Spillover. Facts and Fiction.'' In: ''Chemical Reviews.'' 112, 2012, S. 2714, . Hydrogen spillover can be characterized by three major steps, the first being where molecular hydrogen is split via dissociative chemisorption into its constitutive atoms on a transition metal catalyst surface, followed by migration from the catalyst to the substrate, culminating in their diffusion throughout the substrate surfaces and/or in the bulk materials.Hansong Cheng, Liang Chen, A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Knowledge Spillover
Knowledge spillover is an exchange of ideas among individuals.Carlino, Gerald A. (2001) Business Review Knowledge Spillovers: Cities' Role in the New Economy.'' Q4 2001. In knowledge management economics, knowledge spillovers are non-rival knowledge market costs incurred by a party not agreeing to assume the costs that has a spillover effect of stimulating technological improvements in a neighbor through one's own innovation. Such innovations often come from specialization within an industry. A recent, general example of a knowledge spillover could be the collective growth associated with the research and development of online social networking tools like Facebook, YouTube, and Twitter. Such tools have not only created a positive feedback loop, and a host of originally unintended benefits for their users, but have also created an explosion of new software, programming platforms, and conceptual breakthroughs that have perpetuated the development of the industry as a whole. The adv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spillover (book)
''Spillover: Animal Infections and the Next Human Pandemic'' is 2012 non-fiction book by David Quammen. The book, written in narrative form, tells through the personal experiences of the author, who interviewed numerous pathologists and virologists globally to trace the evolution of some of the major pathogens that have affected the human species following a species leap ( spillover), a natural process by which an animal pathogen evolves and becomes able to infect, reproduce and transmit within the human species, in a process called zoonosis. ''Spillover'' received positive reviews. Synopsis In the various chapters of the book, the author dwells on the analysis of a specific pathogen, starting from its discovery and studies on it: the Hendra virus in the first chapter; the Ebola virus in the second; the mathematical study of epidemics at the same time as the spread of malaria in the third; SARS in the fourth; bacterial zoonosis in the fifth chapter (Q fever, psittacosis and Lyme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spillover (economics)
In economics a spillover is an economic event in one context that occurs because of something else in a seemingly unrelated context. For example, externalities of economic activity are non-monetary spillover effects upon non-participants. Odors from a rendering plant are negative spillover effects upon its neighbors; the beauty of a homeowner's flower garden is a positive spillover effect upon neighbors. In the same way, the economic benefits of increased trade are the spillover effects anticipated in the formation of multilateral alliances of many of the regional nation states: e.g. SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation), ASEAN (Association of South East Asian Nations). In an economy in which some markets fail to clear, such failure can influence the demand or supply behavior of affected participants in other markets, causing their effective demand or effective supply to differ from their notional (unconstrained) demand or supply. Another kind of spillover is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spillover (imaging)
Spillover effect can be defined as an apparent gain in activity for small objects or regions, as opposed to the partial volume effect. It occurs often in biological imaging modalities such as positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) because of their limited spatial resolution. Although partial volume effect and spillover refer to essentially the same physical problem, it is important to distinguish the outcome of these two different effects. For partial volume effect, the apparent loss of activity in the object is distributed across adjacent voxels, which are considered outside the object, resulting in increase in activity in these voxels. This increase in activity is referred to as spillover, whereas loss in activity is referred to as partial volume loss. See also * Partial volume (imaging) The partial volume effect can be defined as the loss of apparent activity in small objects or regions because of the limited resolution of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spillover Infection
Spillover infection, also known as pathogen spillover and spillover event, occurs when a reservoir population with a high pathogen prevalence comes into contact with a novel host population. The pathogen is transmitted from the reservoir population and may or may not be transmitted within the host population. Due to climate change and land use expansion, the risk of viral spillover is predicted to significantly increase. Spillover zoonoses Spillover is a common event; in fact, more than two-thirds of human viruses are zoonotic. Most spillover events result in self-limited cases with no further human to human transmission, as occurs, for example, with rabies, anthrax, histoplasmosis or hidatidosis. Other zoonotic pathogens are able to be transmitted by humans to produce secondary cases and even to establish limited chains of transmission. Some examples are the Ebola and Marburg filoviruses, COVID-19, the MERS and SARS coronaviruses or some avian flu viruses. Finally, some few spil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spillover-crossover Model
The Spillover-Crossover model is used in psychological research to examine to impact of the work domain on the home domain, and consequently, the transference of work-related emotions from the employee to others at home (particularly the partner). The ways in which well-being can be transferred have been categorized into two different mechanisms (;): spillover and crossover. Spillover Spillover concerns the transmission of states of well-being from one domain of life to another (). This is a process that takes place at the intra-individual level, thus within one person but across different domains (). The experiences that are transferred from one domain to the other can be either negative or positive. Work-family conflict: negative spillover Spillover effects apply to situations in which there is a form of inter-role conflict. That is, being involved in a work-role may put strains on the family role, or vice versa (). This implies that an additional categorization can be made b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
_(35908751483).jpg "Click for more on -> Spillover Infection")