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Nanopsocetae
Nanopsocetae is one of two major divisions of Troctomorpha in the order Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera), alongside Amphientometae. There are more than 20 families and 5,200 described species in Nanopsocetae. Taxonomy The clade contains four major groups, Phthiraptera (lice), Liposcelididae, Pachytroctidae and Sphaeropsocidae Sphaeropsocidae is a family of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera), belonging to the suborder Troctomorpha. Females of this family have reduced, beetle-like elytra, and lack hindwings, with males have either small or absent wings. The family compris .... References Further reading * Troctomorpha {{psocoptera-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nanopsocetae
Nanopsocetae is one of two major divisions of Troctomorpha in the order Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera), alongside Amphientometae. There are more than 20 families and 5,200 described species in Nanopsocetae. Taxonomy The clade contains four major groups, Phthiraptera (lice), Liposcelididae, Pachytroctidae and Sphaeropsocidae Sphaeropsocidae is a family of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera), belonging to the suborder Troctomorpha. Females of this family have reduced, beetle-like elytra, and lack hindwings, with males have either small or absent wings. The family compris .... References Further reading * Troctomorpha {{psocoptera-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phthiraptera
Louse ( : lice) is the common name for any member of the clade Phthiraptera, which contains nearly 5,000 species of wingless parasitic insects. Phthiraptera has variously been recognized as an order, infraorder, or a parvorder, as a result of developments in phylogenetic research. Lice are obligate parasites, living externally on warm-blooded hosts which include every species of bird and mammal, except for monotremes, pangolins, and bats. Lice are vectors of diseases such as typhus. Chewing lice live among the hairs or feathers of their host and feed on skin and debris, while sucking lice pierce the host's skin and feed on blood and other secretions. They usually spend their whole life on a single host, cementing their eggs, called nits, to hairs or feathers. The eggs hatch into nymphs, which moult three times before becoming fully grown, a process that takes about four weeks. Genetic evidence indicates that lice are a highly modified lineage of Psocoptera (now called Psoco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Troctomorpha
Troctomorpha is one of the three major suborders of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera)(barklice, booklice, and parasitic lice), alongside Psocomorpha and Trogiomorpha. There are more than 30 families and 5,800 described species in Troctomorpha. The order includes parasitic lice, which are most closely related to the booklice family Liposcelididae. Cladogram Cladogram showing the position of Troctomorpha within Psocodea: Fossil record The oldest record of the suborder is suggested to be '' Paramesopsocus adibi,'' known from the Late Jurassic Karabastau Formation of Kazakhstan. Classification Troctomorpha contains the following subgroups: * Infraorder: Amphientometae ** Family: Amphientomidae Enderlein, 1903 (tropical barklice) ** Family: Compsocidae Mockford, 1967 ** Family: Electrentomidae Enderlein, 1911 ** Family: Manicapsocidae Mockford, 1967 ** Family: Musapsocidae Mockford, 1967 ** Family: Protroctopsocidae Smithers, 1972 ** Family: Troctopsocidae Mockford, 1967 * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liposcelididae
Liposcelididae (historically often referred to as "Liposcelidae") is a family of booklice of the order Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera), belonging to the suborder Troctomorpha. Members of this family are small and flattened, and often wingless. The family contains close to 200 species, arranged in nine genera which make up one smaller and one larger subfamily: Subfamily Embidopsocinae * '' Belapha'' * '' Belaphopsocus'' * '' Belaphotroctes'' * '' Chaetotroctes'' * '' Embidopsocopsis'' * '' Embidopsocus'' * '' Troctulus'' Subfamily Liposcelidinae * ''Liposcelis'' * '' Troglotroctes'' †'' Cretoscelis'' Grimaldi and Engel 2006 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian The Cenomanian is, in the ICS' geological timescale, the oldest or earliest age of the Late Cretaceous Epoch or the lowest stage of the Upper Cretaceous Series. An age is a unit of geochronology; it is a unit of time; the stage is a unit in the s ... References * Psocoptera families Nanopsocetae {{Psoco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pachytroctidae
Pachytroctidae is a family of thick barklice in the order Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera). There are about 15 genera and at least 90 described species in Pachytroctidae. Members of this family are small, often macropterous, with a distinct wing venation. Genera These 15 genera belong to the family Pachytroctidae: * '' Antilopsocus'' Gurney, 1965 * '' Atapinella'' Azar, Huang, Cai & Nel, 2015 * '' Burmipachytrocta'' Azar, Huang, Cai & Nel, 2015 * '' Leptotroctes'' Badonnel, 1973 * '' Libaneuphoris'' Azar, Huang, Cai & Nel, 2015 * '' Libanopsyllipsocus'' Azar & Nel, 2011 * ''Nanopsocus'' Pearman, 1928 * '' Nymphotroctes'' Badonnel, 1931 * '' Pachytroctes'' Enderlein, 1905 * '' Peritroctes'' Ribaga, 1911 * '' Psacadium'' Enderlein, 1908 * '' Psylloneura'' Enderlein, 1903 * '' Psyllotroctes'' Roesler, 1940 * '' Tapinella'' Enderlein, 1908 * '' Thoracotroctes'' Lienhard, 2005 c g Data sources: i = ITIS, c = Catalogue of Life, g = GBIF, b = Bugguide.net References * Lienhard, C. & ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sphaeropsocidae
Sphaeropsocidae is a family of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera), belonging to the suborder Troctomorpha. Females of this family have reduced, beetle-like elytra, and lack hindwings, with males have either small or absent wings. The family comprises 22 known species (four of them fossils) in eight genera. Taxonomy * †'' Asphaeropsocites'' Azar et al. 2010 Lebanese amber, Early Cretaceous (Barremian) * '' Badonnelia'' Pearman, 1953 Chile, Recent (except ''Badonnelia titei'', which is found alongside humans in Europe and North America)Mockford, Edward L. 2005. "First New World Record for ''Badonnelia Titei'' (Insecta: Psocoptera: Sphaeropsocidae)," ''The Great Lakes Entomologist'', vol 38 (2) Available at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle/vol38/iss2/1 * * '' Sphaeropsocopsis'' North America, South America, St Helena, Recent * '' Sphaeropsocus'' Baltic amber, Eocene, Southeastern US (Recent) * †'' Sphaeropsocites'' Lebanese amber, Early Cretaceous (Barremian) * †'' Sphaeropsocoi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psocodea
Psocodea is a taxonomic group of insects comprising the bark lice, book lice and parasitic lice. It was formerly considered a superorder, but is now generally considered by entomologists as an order. Despite the greatly differing appearance of parasitic lice (Phthiraptera), they are believed to have evolved from within the former order Psocoptera, which contained the bark lice and book lice, now found to be paraphyletic. They are often regarded as the most primitive of the hemipteroids. Psocodea contains around 11,000 species, divided among four suborders and more than 70 families. They range in size from 1–10 millimetres (0.04–0.4 in) in length. The species known as booklice received their common name because they are commonly found amongst old books—they feed upon the paste used in binding. The barklice are found on trees, feeding on algae and lichen. Anatomy and biology Psocids are small, scavenging insects with a relatively generalized body plan. They feed pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liposcelis
''Liposcelis'' is a genus of insects in the order Psocoptera, the booklice and barklice. There are about 126 species. Many species are associated with human habitation and several are well known as pests of stored products. The genus is distributed nearly worldwide. These booklice attack grain stores, particularly if grain is slightly damp, damp or moldy. They are unable to survive long term in locations where relative humidity is below 60% because their body eventually dries out. They are omnivorous and will eat almost any stored product of animal or plant origin, and moulds. ''Liposcelis'' spp. are also important pests of museums, libraries, food processing plants, retail and domestic premises. In buildings, psocid infestations are usually associated with dampness and poor ventilation. They can be very numerous in stored grain where they feed on the germ of damaged and broken kernels. The source of the grain damage is harvesting and handling. The damaged area will provide psocid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order (biology)
Order ( la, wikt:ordo#Latin, ordo) is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between Family_(biology), family and Class_(biology), class. In biological classification, the order is a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms and recognized by the nomenclature codes. An immediately higher rank, superorder, is sometimes added directly above order, with suborder directly beneath order. An order can also be defined as a group of related families. What does and does not belong to each order is determined by a taxonomist, as is whether a particular order should be recognized at all. Often there is no exact agreement, with different taxonomists each taking a different position. There are no hard rules that a taxonomist needs to follow in describing or recognizing an order. Some taxa are accepted almost universally, while others are recognized only rarely. The name of an order is usually written with a capital letter. Fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psocoptera
Psocoptera are a paraphyletic group of insects that are commonly known as booklice, barklice or barkflies. The name Psocoptera has been replaced with Psocodea in recent literature, with the inclusion of the former order Phthiraptera into Psocodea (as part of the suborder Troctomorpha). These insects first appeared in the Permian period, 295–248 million years ago. They are often regarded as the most primitive of the hemipteroids. Their name originates from the Greek word ψῶχος, ''psokhos'' meaning gnawed or rubbed and πτερά, ''ptera'' meaning wings. There are more than 5,500 species in 41 families in three suborders. Many of these species have only been described in recent years. They range in size from 1–10 millimetres (0.04–0.4 in) in length. The species known as booklice received their common name because they are commonly found amongst old books—they feed upon the paste used in binding. The barklice are found on trees, feeding on algae and l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amphientometae
Amphientometae is an infraorder of psocids, one of two major division of the Troctomorpha within the order Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera). There are about 7 families and at least 230 described species in Amphientometae. Families These seven families belong to the infraorder Amphientometae: * Amphientomidae Enderlein, 1903 (tropical barklice) * Compsocidae Compsocidae is a family of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera) belonging to the suborder Troctomorpha. The family comprises two extant species in two genera, both found in Mesoamerica. ''Compsocus elegans'' is found in Mexico and Central America, wh ... Mockford, 1967 * Manicapsocidae Mockford, 1967 * Musapsocidae Mockford, 1967 * Protroctopsocidae Smithers, 1972 * Troctopsocidae Mockford, 1967 * † Electrentomidae Enderlein, 1911 References Further reading * Troctomorpha {{psocoptera-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
