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Iranian Musical Instruments
Persian musical instruments or Iranian musical instruments can be broadly classified into three categories: classical, Western and folk. Most of Persian musical instruments spread in the former Persian Empires states all over the Middle East, Caucasus, Central Asia and through adaptation, relations, and trade, in Europe and far regions of Asia. In ancient era, the Silk road had an effective role in this distribution. String instruments Orchestral *Tar *Setar *Kamancheh *Ghaychak * Barbat *Chang (instrument)/Angular harp *Santoor * Qānūn * Shurangiz Safavid-style portrait, female musician plays a tar.jpg, Tar Woman with a setar, Safavid Iran, Isfahan (ca. 1600-1610).jpg, Setar, ca. 1610 A court musician playing the kemanche, painting by Abul Qasim, Qajar Iran.jpg, Kamancheh Woman playing a santur, Qajar Iran, artist named Ahmad.jpg, Woman playing a santur, 19th century File:Ralamb-89.jpg, Qanun, from Rålamb Costume Book, 1657 Folklore *Dotar *Tanbur *Tar (Azerbaijani ins ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chang (instrument)
The chang ( fa, چنگ; ; tr, çeng; ar, al-ǧank, italic=yes (''ṣanǧ''); Georgian: ჩანგი ''changi'') is a Persian musical instrument, a vertical angular harp. It was very popular and used widely during the times of ancient Persia, especially during the Sasanian Dynasty where it was often played in the shahs' court. It was also played until the 19th century in the Ottoman Empire but has since disappeared from Turkish folk music. History The chang first appears in paintings and wall art in Persia in about 4000 BCE. In these paintings and mosaics, the chang went from the original arched harp to an angular harp in the early 1900s BCE, with vertical or horizontal sound boxes. From the Hellenistic period (~300 BCE) and through beginning of Common Era (~1 CE), the chang changed shape to be less of a handheld instrument and more of a large, standing harp, and subsequently gained in popularity. Sassanian courts were enamored with the Hellenistic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Balaban (instrument)
Balaban, or balaman ( az, Balaban – بالابان; fa, بالابان) is cylindrical-bore, double-reed wind instrument about long with eight finger holes and one thumb hole. This instrument is played in the eastern part of Iran's historic Azerbaijan region as well as in the Republic of Azerbaijan (where it is also called '' Düdük'' according to the ''Encyclopædia Iranica''). Balaban, Mey, and Duduk are almost identical, except for historical and geographical differences. Balaban can be made of mulberry or other harder woods, such as walnut. The bore through the instrument is about in diameter. The double reed is made out of a single tube of cane about six cm long and pressed flat at one end. The performer uses air stored in his cheeks to keep playing the balaban while he inhales air into his lungs. This “circular” breathing technique is commonly used with all the double-reed instruments in the Middle East. Balaban can be found in regions of the Republic of A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rubab (instrument)
Rubab, robab or rabab (Pashto/Persian: رُباب, Kashmiri : رَبابہٕ, Sindhi: (Nastaleeq), रबाब (Devanagari), Azerbaijani/ Turkish: Rübab, Tajik/ Uzbek ''рубоб'') is a lute-like musical instrument.David Courtney, 'Rabab'Chandra & David's Homepage/ref> The rubab is one of the national musical instruments of Afghanistan; and is also commonly used in Pakistan in areas inhabited by the Pashtun and Baloch, and also played by Sindhi people in Sindh, by Kashmiri people in Kashmir, and by the Punjabis of the Punjab. Three variants of the rubab are the ''Kabuli rebab'' of Afghanistan, the ''Seni rebab'' of northern India, and the ''Pamiri rubab'' of Tajikistan. These proliferated throughout West, Central, South and Southeast Asia. The Kabuli rebab originates from Afghanistan, and it derives its name from Arabic '' rebab'' 'played with a bow'; in Central Asia and the Indian subcontinent, however, the instrument is plucked and is distinctly different in construc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suroz
The suroz ( Balochi: سُروز or سُرود) is a bowed string instrument with a long neck, similar to a fiddle or sarangi and played vertically. It is considered the traditional instrument of the Baloch people in Balochistan. Construction and play It has three or four main strings for playing which are tuned 1. low E - 2. low A - 3. a (440 Hz) - 4. e. Strings one, two and four are made of steel while string three is made of thick gut. there are five to eight sympathetic strings, made of thin steel and tuned according to the raag to be played. The playing strings are some millimeters higher on the bridge than the sympathetic strings, so that the latter cannot be touched by the bow. The strings are not played like on the sarangi by pressing them with the nails, but by touching them with the fingers, but without pressing them onto the neck. The highest two strings are mostly fingered. The player uses the highest string up to an octave. The sound is very close to the Nepalese s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sorahi
The Sorahi (Persian صراحی) is a new Iranian musical instrument. A member of the family of bowed string instruments developed by the Iranian musician M. R. Shajarian, This string instrument can cover the sound range produced by soprano, alto, bass and contra bass instruments. The instrument fits into Iranian traditions of bowed instruments that include the Classical kemençe or kamancheh and ghaychak Ghaychak or Gheychak ( Persian: غیچک) is a bowed lute used in Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan and Tajikistan. The name is similar to the Central Asian ghijak, but that instrument is more closely related to the kamancheh. Double-chambered bowl lu ... fiddles. The instrument has a mechanism for changing the instrument's tone; a pad made of leather, or leather and wood sits between the bridge and the soundboard. The instrument is played in the same manner as the kamancheh, held upright on the players lap. Shahnaz ensemble, accompanied by M. R. Shajarian, has held its concert fro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sallaneh
The sallaneh ( fa, سلانه) is a newly developed plucked string instrument made under the supervision of the Iranian musician Hossein Alizadeh Hossein Alizadeh ( fa, حسین علیزاده) is an Iranian musician, composer, radif-preserver, researcher, teacher, and tar, shurangiz and setar instrumentalist and improviser. He has performed with such musicians as Shahram Nazeri, Mohammad ..., and constructed by Siamak Afshari. It is inspired by the ancient Persian lute called '' barbat''. The barbat used to have three strings, but the sallaneh has six melody and six harmonic strings giving Alizadeh a new realm in lower tones. PersianArtMusic.com References {{Iranian musical instruments[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bağlama
The ''bağlama'' or ''saz'' is a family of plucked string instruments, long-necked lutes used in Ottoman classical music, Turkish folk music, Turkish Arabesque music, Azerbaijani music, Kurdish music, Armenian music and in parts of Syria, Iraq and the Balkan countries. ''Bağlama'' ( tr, bağlama) is Turkish from ''bağlamak'', "to tie". It is . ''Saz'' ( fa, ساز) means "to make; to compose" in Persian. It is . According to ''The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians'', "the terms 'bağlama' and 'saz' are used somewhat interchangeably in Turkey." Like the Western lute and the Middle-Eastern oud, it has a deep round back, but a much longer neck. It can be played with a plectrum or with a fingerpicking style known as ''şelpe''. In the music of Greece the name ''baglamas'' ( el, μπαγλαμάς) is given to a treble bouzouki, a related instrument. The Turkish settlement of Anatolia from the late eleventh century onward saw the introduction of a two-string Turkmen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tar (Azerbaijani Instrument)
The Azerbaijani tar and the skills related to this tradition play a significant role in shaping the cultural identity of Azerbaijanis. The tar is a long-necked, plucked lute, traditionally crafted, and performed in communities throughout the Republic of Azerbaijan. The tar is featured alone or with other instruments in numerous traditional musical styles. It is also considered by many to be the country's leading musical instrument. In 2012, the craftsmanship and performance art of the tar was added to the UNESCO's Intangible Cultural Heritage List. Craftsmanship Tar makers transmit their skills to apprentices, often within the family. Craftsmanship begins with careful selection of materials for the instrument: mulberry wood for the body, nut wood for the neck, and pear wood for the tuning pegs. Using various tools, crafters create a hollow body in the form of a figure eight, which is then covered with the thin pericardium of an ox. The fretted neck is affixed, metal strings a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tanbur
The term ''Tanbur'' ( fa, تنبور, ) can refer to various long-necked string instruments originating in Mesopotamia, Southern or Central Asia. According to the ''New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians'', "terminology presents a complicated situation. Nowadays the term tanbur (or tambur) is applied to a variety of distinct and related long-necked lutes used in art and folk traditions. Similar or identical instruments are also known by other terms." These instruments are used in the traditional music of Iran, India, Kurdistan, Armenia, Afghanistan, Azerbaijan (especially Avar community), Pakistan, Turkey, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan. Origins Tanburs have been present in Mesopotamia since the Akkadian era, or the third millennium BC. Three figurines have been found in Susa that belong to 1500 BC, and in hands of one of them is a tanbur-like instrument. Also an image on the rocks near Mosul that belong to about 1000 B shows tanbur players. Playing the tan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dotar
The ''dutar'' (also ''dotar''; fa, دوتار, dutâr; russian: Дутар; tg, дутор; ug, دۇتار, ucy=Дутар, Dutar; uz, dutor; ; dng, Дутар) is a traditional Iranian long-necked two-stringed lute found in Iran and Central Asia. Its name comes from the Persian word for "two strings", دوتار ''do tār'' (< دو ''do'' "two",تار ''tār'' "string"), although the i dutar of has fourteen strings. Dutar is very popular in Tajikistan and Khorasan province of Iran. When played, the strings are usually plucked by the of Western China and strummed and plucked by the |
Shurangiz
The Shurangiz ( fa, شورانگیز, meaning tumult-exciting) is an Iranian musical instrument, based on the setar, developed in the 20th century. It differs from the setar by having skin as part of the soundboard and in the number of strings. It has a unique sound table consisting of a wooden panel suspended in the center of a membranous outer section, six strings, a longer finer fingerboard and increased number of frets comparing with its original prototype setar. Examples made by the Mohammedi Brothers Workshop, whose luthiers trained with original designing luthier, Ibrahim Qanbari Mehr, show 23 and 28 frets, making these microtone instruments like the setar. There are two sizes. The smaller shurangiz is equivalent to the setar, with four strings (one pair placed together on a course, and 2 individual strings). The larger bass shurangiz has six strings, set up in 3 courses, and of times an octave lower than the setar. The skin soundboard helps add resonance and make lower ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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