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Culture-bound Syndrome
In medicine and medical anthropology, a culture-bound syndrome, culture-specific syndrome, or folk illness is a combination of psychiatric and somatic symptoms that are considered to be a recognizable disease only within a specific society or culture. There are no known objective biochemical or structural alterations of body organs or functions, and the disease is not recognized in other cultures. The term ''culture-bound syndrome'' was included in the fourth version of the ''Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders'' (American Psychiatric Association, 1994), which also includes a list of the most common culture-bound conditions (DSM-IV: Appendix I). Its counterpart in the framework of ICD-10 (Chapter V) is the ''culture-specific disorders'' defined in Annex 2 of the ''Diagnostic criteria for research''. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medicine
Medicine is the science and Praxis (process), practice of caring for patients, managing the Medical diagnosis, diagnosis, prognosis, Preventive medicine, prevention, therapy, treatment, Palliative care, palliation of their injury or disease, and Health promotion, promoting their health. Medicine encompasses a variety of health care practices evolved to maintain and restore health by the prevention (medical), prevention and treatment of illness. Contemporary medicine applies biomedical sciences, biomedical research, medical genetics, genetics, and medical technology to diagnosis (medical), diagnose, treat, and prevent injury and disease, typically through pharmaceuticals or surgery, but also through therapies as diverse as psychotherapy, splint (medicine), external splints and traction, medical devices, biologic medical product, biologics, and Radiation (medicine), ionizing radiation, amongst others. Medicine has been practiced since Prehistoric medicine, prehistoric times, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Environmental Factor
An environmental factor, ecological factor or eco factor is any factor, abiotic or biotic, that influences living organisms. Abiotic factors include ambient temperature, amount of sunlight, air, soil, water and pH of the water soil in which an organism lives. Biotic factors would include the availability of food organisms and the presence of biological specificity, competitors, predators, and parasites. Overall An organism's genotype (e.g., in the zygote) translated into the adult phenotype through development during an organism's ontogeny, and subject to influences by many environmental effects. In this context, a phenotype (or phenotypic trait) can be viewed as any definable and measurable characteristic of an organism, such as its body mass or Human skin color, skin color. Apart from the true Monogenic (genetics), monogenic genetic disorders, environmental factors may determine the development of disease in those genetically predisposed to a particular condition. Pollut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Running Amok
Amok syndrome is an aggressive dissociative behavioral pattern derived from the Malay world, modern Indonesia and Malaysia, which led to the English phrase ''running amok''. The word derives from the Malay language, Malay word , traditionally meaning "rushing in a frenzy" or "attacking furiously".Definition of "amok" by Oxford Dictionary on Lexico.com Amok syndrome presents as an episode of sudden mass assault against people or objects following a period of brooding, which has traditionally been regarded as occurring especially in Malay culture but is now increasingly viewed as psychopathological behavior. The syndrome of "Amok" is found in the ''Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders'' (DSM-IV TR). [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hmong People
The Hmong people ( RPA: , CHV: ''Hmôngz'', Nyiakeng Puachue: , Pahawh Hmong: , , zh, c=苗族蒙人) are an indigenous group in East Asia and Southeast Asia. In China, the Hmong people are classified as a sub-group of the Miao people. The modern Hmong reside mainly in Southwestern China and Mainland Southeast Asian countries such as Vietnam, Laos, Thailand, and Myanmar. There are also diaspora communities in the United States, Australia, France, and South America. Etymology The term ''Hmong'' is the English pronunciation of the Hmong's native name. It is a singular and plural noun (e.g., Japanese, French, etc.). Very little is known about the native Hmong name as it is not mentioned in Chinese historical records, since the Han identified the Hmong as Miao. The meaning of it is debatable and no one is sure of its origin, although it can be traced back to several provinces in China. However, Hmong Americans and Hmong Laotians often associate it with "Free" and/or "Hmoov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brain Fag Syndrome
Brain fag syndrome (BFS) describes a Syndrome, set of symptoms including difficulty in concentrating and retaining information, head and or neck pains, and eye pain. Brain fag is believed to be most common in adolescents and young adults due to the pressure occurring in life during these years. The term, now outdated, was first used in 19th-century Britain before becoming a colonial description of Education in Nigeria, Nigerian high school and university students in the 1960s. Its consideration as a culture-bound syndrome caused by excessive pressure to be successful among the young is disputed by Ayonrinde (2020) Etymology The term 'brain fag' presumably stems from the verb meaning of the word "fag", ''"To cause (a person, animal, or part of the body) to become tired; to fatigue, wear out"'' chiefly found in British English. Classification BFS was classified in the fourth revision of the ''Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders'' (DSM-IV) as a culture-bound sy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Infant Mental Health Journal
The ''Infant Mental Health Journal'' is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering developmental psychology. It was established in 1980 and is published by Wiley-Blackwell. It is the official journal of the World Association for Infant Mental Health. The editor-in-chief is Paul Spicer (University of Oklahoma). According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', the journal has a 2017 impact factor of 1.673, ranking it 47th out of 73 journals in the category "Psychology, Developmental". See also * Child psychotherapy *Pregnancy Pregnancy is the time during which one or more offspring gestation, gestates inside a woman's uterus. A multiple birth, multiple pregnancy involves more than one offspring, such as with twins. Conception (biology), Conception usually occurs ... * Prenatal and perinatal psychology References External links * Developmental psychology journals Wiley-Blackwell academic journals Academic journals established in 1980 Quarterly journals Englis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nosology
Nosology () is the branch of medical science that deals with the classification of diseases. Fully classifying a medical condition requires knowing its cause (and that there is only one cause), the effects it has on the body, the symptoms that are produced, and other factors. For example, influenza is classified as an infectious disease because it is caused by a virus, and it is classified as a respiratory infection because the virus infects and damages certain tissues in the respiratory tract. The more that is known about the disease, the more ways the disease can be classified nosologically. Nosography is a description whose primary purpose is enabling a diagnostic label to be put on the situation. As such, a nosographical entity need not have a single cause. For example, inability to speak due to advanced dementia and an inability to speak due to a stroke could be nosologically different but nosographically the same. Types of classification Diseases may be classifie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
African Trypanosomiasis
African trypanosomiasis is an insect-borne parasitic infection of humans and other animals. Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), also known as African sleeping sickness or simply sleeping sickness, is caused by the species ''Trypanosoma brucei''. Humans are infected by two types, ''Trypanosoma brucei gambiense'' (TbG) and ''Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense'' (TbR). TbG causes over 92% of reported cases. Both are usually transmitted by the bite of an infected tsetse fly and are most common in rural areas. Initially, the first stage of the disease is characterized by fevers, headaches, itchiness, and joint pains, beginning one to three weeks after the bite. Weeks to months later, the second stage begins with confusion, poor coordination, numbness, and trouble sleeping. Diagnosis involves detecting the parasite in a blood smear or lymph node fluid. A lumbar puncture is often needed to tell the difference between first- and second-stage disease. Prevention of severe disease in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kuru (disease)
Kuru was a rare, incurable, and fatal Neurological disorder, neurodegenerative disorder that was formerly common among the Fore people of Papua New Guinea. It is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy, prion disease which leads to tremors and loss of coordination from neurodegeneration. The term ''kúru'' means “trembling” and comes from the Fore language, Fore word ''kuria'' or ''guria'' ("to shake"). It is also known as "laughing sickness" due to abnormal bursts of laughter which occur. It was spread among the Fore people via Endocannibalism, funerary cannibalism. Deceased family members were traditionally cooked and eaten, which was thought to help free the spirit of the dead. Women and children usually eat the brain, where infectious prions were most concentrated, and therefore were more commonly affected. The outbreak likely started when a villager developed sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease and died. When villagers ate the brain, they contracted the disease and t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Penis Panic
Koro is a culture bound delusional disorder in which individuals have an overpowering belief that their sex organs are retracting and will disappear, despite the lack of any true longstanding changes to the genitals. Koro is also known as shrinking penis, and was listed in the ''Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders''. The syndrome occurs worldwide, and mass hysteria of genital-shrinkage anxiety has a history in Africa, Asia and Europe. In the United States and Europe, the syndrome is commonly known as genital retraction syndrome. The condition can be diagnosed through psychological assessment along with physical examination to rule out genuine disorders of the genitalia that could be causing true retraction. The word was borrowed from Malay and means the ''head of a turtle'' (or ''tortoise''), referring to how it looks when they retract their heads into their shells. Signs and symptoms Most patients report acute anxiety attacks due to perceived genital retr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
