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Csángós
The Csángós ( hu, Csángók; ro, Ceangăi) are a Hungarians, Hungarian Ethnography, ethnographic group of Catholic Church in Romania, Roman Catholic faith living mostly in the Romanian region of Western Moldavia, Moldavia, especially in Bacău County. The region where the Csángós live in Moldavia is known as Csángó Land. Their traditional language, Csángó, an old Hungarian language, Hungarian dialect, is currently used by only a minority of the Csángó population group. Some Csángós also live in Transylvania (around the Ghimeș-Palanca Pass and in the so-called Seven Villages, Seven Csángó Villages) and in the village of Lumina, Constanța, Oituz in Northern Dobruja. Etymology It has been suggested that the name ''Csángó'' is the present participle of a Hungarian verb ''csángál'' meaning "wander, as if going away"; purportedly a reference to sibilation, in the pronunciation of some Hungarian consonants by ''Csángó'' people. Alternative explanations include ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Csángó Land
Csángó Land ( hu, Csángóföld; ro, Țara Ceangăilor, or ) is the name given to the region in Western Moldavia, in turn a region of Romania, where most of the Csángós, a small subgroup of the Hungarians, live. Csángó Land is located close to the Eastern Carpathian Mountains, in the valley of the Siret River, near the town of Roman and Bacău. It may also be defined as the part of Bacău County where ethnic Hungarians reside as a minority. The Csángós, although mostly living in Moldavia, also live in Transylvania (part of Romania as well), precisely in two zones. These are the area around the Ghimeș-Palanca Pass and the so-called Seven Villages. Additionally, there is a Csángó village in Northern Dobruja, a region also in Romania, known as Oituz (in Constanța County). The Csángós speak a Hungarian dialect known as Csángó. The Council of Europe claimed the number of speakers of this dialect to be of 60,000 to 70,000 people in 2001. However, in the 2011 Ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seven Villages
The Seven Villages ( ro, Șapte Sate; hu, Hétfalu; german: Siebendörfer) was a district of Brassó County in the Kingdom of Hungary. Today, all seven villages are part of Romania. Four of them are now part of the city of Săcele (Baciu, Turcheș, Cernatu, and Satulung), while the other three belong to the commune of Tărlungeni (Tărlungeni, Zizin, and Purcăreni). The seat of the district was at Satulung ( hu, Hosszúfalu). The four settlements now in Săcele ( hu, Négyfalu, lit. "Four Villages") are first mentioned in a privilege letter of Louis I of Hungary from 1366.Gyémánt, RichárdA hétfalusi csángók nemzetiségi és felekezeti sajátosságai ''Forum: Acta Juridica et Politica'' 3 (2) pp. 67-104. (2013), University of Szeged p. 71. (in Hungarian). During the 1930s, the local press published a number of articles detailing the complex but peaceful relations between the three ethnic groups that lived in the Seven Villages: Romanian Mocani shepherds and Hungarian Cs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khazars
The Khazars ; he, כּוּזָרִים, Kūzārīm; la, Gazari, or ; zh, 突厥曷薩 ; 突厥可薩 ''Tūjué Kěsà'', () were a semi-nomadic Turkic people that in the late 6th-century CE established a major commercial empire covering the southeastern section of modern European Russia, southern Ukraine, Crimea, and Kazakhstan. They created what for its duration was the most powerful polity to emerge from the break-up of the Western Turkic Khaganate. Astride a major artery of commerce between Eastern Europe and Western Asia, Southwestern Asia, Khazaria became one of the foremost trading empires of the Early Middle Ages, early medieval world, commanding the western March (territory), marches of the Silk Road and playing a key commercial role as a crossroad between China, the Middle East and Kievan Rus'. For some three centuries (c. 650–965) the Khazars dominated the vast area extending from the Volga-Don steppes to the eastern Crimea and the northern Caucasus. Khazari ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hungarians
Hungarians, also known as Magyars ( ; hu, magyarok ), are a nation and ethnic group native to Hungary () and historical Hungarian lands who share a common culture, history, ancestry, and language. The Hungarian language belongs to the Uralic language family. There are an estimated 15 million ethnic Hungarians and their descendants worldwide, of whom 9.6 million live in today's Hungary. About 2–3 million Hungarians live in areas that were part of the Kingdom of Hungary before the Treaty of Trianon in 1920 and are now parts of Hungary's seven neighbouring countries, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, Slovenia, and Austria. Significant groups of people with Hungarian ancestry live in various other parts of the world, most of them in the United States, Canada, Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Chile, Brazil, Australia, and Argentina. Hungarians can be divided into several subgroups according to local linguistic and cultural characteristics; subgroups with distinc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacău County
Bacău County () is a county ( județ) of Romania, in Western Moldavia, with its capital city at Bacău. It has one commune, Ghimeș-Făget, in Transylvania. Geography This county has a total area of . In the western part of the county there are mountains from the Eastern Carpathian group. Here, along the valleys of the Oituz River and Trotuș River, there are two important links between Moldavia and Transylvania. On the East side, the heights decrease and the lowest point can be found on the Siret River valley which crosses the county from North to South down the middle. On the East side there is the Moldavian Plateau crossed by many small rivers. Flora and fauna Bears, wolves, foxes, wild boars, and squirrels inhabit Bacău County's mountains, particularly in its rural Slănic-Moldova region; the remnants of the local deers are preserved in Mănăstirea Cașin. Neighbours *Vaslui County in the East. *Harghita County and Covasna County in the West. *Neamț County ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Northern Dobruja
Northern Dobruja ( ro, Dobrogea de Nord or simply ; bg, Северна Добруджа, ''Severna Dobrudzha'') is the part of Dobruja within the borders of Romania. It lies between the lower Danube river and the Black Sea, bordered in the south by Southern Dobruja, which is part of Bulgaria. History Around 600 BC, the Greeks colonized the Black Sea shore and founded numerous fortresses: Tomis (today's Constanta), Callatis, Histria, Argamum, Heracleea, Aegysus. Greeks have commerce with dacians who lived there on main land. Dobruja became a Roman province after conquest of Dacian Tribes. One of the best preserved remnants of this period is the Capidava citadel. Between the 7th and 14th century, Dobruja was part of the First Bulgarian Empire and the Second Bulgarian Empire. For a long period in the 14-15th century, Dobruja became part of Wallachia. The territory fell under Ottoman rule from the mid-15th century until 1878, when it was awarded to Romania for its role in the 18 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Western Moldavia
Moldavia ( ro, Moldova), also called Western Moldavia or Romanian Moldavia, is the historic and geographical part of the former Principality of Moldavia situated in eastern and north-eastern Romania. Until its union with Wallachia in 1859, the Principality of Moldavia also included, at various times in its history, the regions of Bessarabia (with the Budjak), all of Bukovina, and Hertsa; the larger part of the former is nowadays the independent state of Moldova, while the rest of it, the northern part of Bukovina, and Hertsa form territories of Ukraine. Romanian Moldavia consists of eight counties, spanning over 18% of Romania's territory. Six out of the 8 counties make up Romania's designated Nord-Est development region, while the two southern counties are included within Romania's Sud-Est development region. History Moldavian dialect The delimitation of the Moldavian dialect, as with all other Romanian dialects, is made primarily by analyzing its phonetic features and only ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Székelys
The Székelys (, Székely runes: 𐳥𐳋𐳓𐳉𐳗), also referred to as Szeklers,; ro, secui; german: Szekler; la, Siculi; sr, Секељи, Sekelji; sk, Sikuli are a Hungarian subgroup living mostly in the Székely Land in Romania. A significant population descending from the Székelys of Bukovina lives in Tolna and Baranya counties in Hungary and certain districts of Vojvodina, Serbia. In the Middle Ages, the Székelys played a role in the defense of the Kingdom of Hungary against the Ottomans in their posture as guards of the eastern border. With the Treaty of Trianon of 1920, Transylvania (including the Székely Land) became part of Romania, and the Székely population was a target of Romanianization efforts. In 1952, during the communist rule of Romania, the former counties with the highest concentration of Székely population – Mureș, Odorhei, Ciuc, and Trei Scaune – were legally designated as the Magyar Autonomous Region. It was superseded in 1960 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lumina, Constanța
Lumina (Romanian for "the light") is a commune in Constanța County, Northern Dobruja, Romania. The commune includes three villages: * Lumina (historical names: ''Valea Neagră'' (until 1965); ''Cogealia'', ''Kogea-Ali'' (until 1929) - tr, Kocaali, german: Kodschalie) * Oituz - established in 1926, named after Oituz (Bacău County) * Sibioara (historical name: ''Cicrâcci'', tr, Çıkrıkçı) Demographics At the 2011 census, Lumina had 7,619 Romanians (93.82%), 104 Roma (1.28%), 95 Turks (1.17%), 282 Tatars (3.47%), 4 Aromanians (0.05%), 17 others (0.21%). A large community of Csángó Hungarians Hungarians, also known as Magyars ( ; hu, magyarok ), are a nation and ethnic group native to Hungary () and historical Hungarian lands who share a common culture, history, ancestry, and language. The Hungarian language belongs to the Urali ... lives in the village of Oituz. References Communes in Constanța County Localities in Northern Dobruja {{Constanța ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moldavia
Moldavia ( ro, Moldova, or , literally "The Country of Moldavia"; in Romanian Cyrillic: or ; chu, Землѧ Молдавскаѧ; el, Ἡγεμονία τῆς Μολδαβίας) is a historical region and former principality in Central and Eastern Europe, corresponding to the territory between the Eastern Carpathians and the Dniester River. An initially independent and later autonomous state, it existed from the 14th century to 1859, when it united with Wallachia () as the basis of the modern Romanian state; at various times, Moldavia included the regions of Bessarabia (with the Budjak), all of Bukovina and Hertsa. The region of Pokuttya was also part of it for a period of time. The western half of Moldavia is now part of Romania, the eastern side belongs to the Republic of Moldova, and the northern and southeastern parts are territories of Ukraine. Name and etymology The original and short-lived reference to the region was ''Bogdania'', after Bogdan I, the fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transylvanian Plain
The Transylvanian Plain ( ro, Câmpia Transilvaniei; hu, Mezőség, ) is an ethnogeographical area in Transylvania, Romania, located between the Someșul Mare and the Someșul Mic rivers to the north and west and the Mureș River to the south and east. It is populated by both ethnic Romanians and ethnic Hungarians. The Transylvanian Plain can be divided into two parts: a hilly one in the northeast and a flatter one in the south and west. Important villages in the Transylvanian Plain include Sic (in Hungarian, ''Szék''; a former salt-mining town), Mociu (''Mócs''), Jucu (''Zsuk''), Band (''Mezőbánd''), Suatu (''Magyarszovát''), and Unguraș (''Bálványosváralja''). Images Image:Church in Beclean.jpg, Reformed Church in Beclean Image:Bontida Banffy Castle 20.JPG, Bonțida Bánffy Castle Image:Református templom, 2008 Mezőcsávás1.jpg, Ceuașu de Câmpie Reformed church and bell tower Image:Rascruci Banffy castle2.JPG, Răscruci Banffy castle Image:Református temp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kabars
The Kabars ( el, Κάβαροι), also known as Qavars (Qabars) or Khavars were Khazar rebels who joined the Magyar confederation possibly in the 9th century as well as the Rus' Khaganate. Sources The Byzantine Emperor Constantine VII is the principal source of the Kabars' history. He dedicated a whole chapterchapter 39to the Kabars (or ''Kabaroi'') in his ''De Administrando Imperio'', which was completed around 950. The Emperor described the Kabars as "a race of Khazars" who had risen up against the Khagan. The uprising was crushed, and some of them were massacred, but others escaped and joined the Magyars in the Pontic steppes. History The Kabars rebelled against the Khazar Khaganate in the early ninth century; the rebellion was notable enough to be described in Constantine Porphyrogenitus's work ''De Administrando Imperio''. Subsequently the Kabars were expelled from Levedia in the Khazar Khaganate leading the Magyar tribal confederacy called ''Hét-Magyar'' (meaning " ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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