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Cryptocephalinae
The Cryptocephalinae are a subfamily of the leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae), and belong to the group of case-bearing leaf beetles called the Camptosomata. The tribes Fulcidacini and Clytrini The Clytrini are a tribe within the leaf beetle subfamily Cryptocephalinae, though historically they were often treated as a distinct subfamily, Clytrinae. As the other Cryptocephalinae, they belong to the group of case-bearing leaf beetles know ... were formerly considered subfamilies of their own, and are presently treated only as tribes. Species in at least 14 genera of Clytrini and Cryptocephalini are myrmecophilous, living with ants.Agrain F.A., M. Buffington, C.S. Chaboo, M.L. Chamorro, & M.E. Schöller. 2015. Leaf beetles are ant-nest beetles: the curious life histories of the juvenile stages of case-bearers (Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae). ZooKeys 547:133–164. File:Exema larval case.jpg, '' Exema'', fecal case File:Exema larva.jpg, ''Exema'', larva File:Neochlamisus larval case ...
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Cryptocephalinae
The Cryptocephalinae are a subfamily of the leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae), and belong to the group of case-bearing leaf beetles called the Camptosomata. The tribes Fulcidacini and Clytrini The Clytrini are a tribe within the leaf beetle subfamily Cryptocephalinae, though historically they were often treated as a distinct subfamily, Clytrinae. As the other Cryptocephalinae, they belong to the group of case-bearing leaf beetles know ... were formerly considered subfamilies of their own, and are presently treated only as tribes. Species in at least 14 genera of Clytrini and Cryptocephalini are myrmecophilous, living with ants.Agrain F.A., M. Buffington, C.S. Chaboo, M.L. Chamorro, & M.E. Schöller. 2015. Leaf beetles are ant-nest beetles: the curious life histories of the juvenile stages of case-bearers (Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae). ZooKeys 547:133–164. File:Exema larval case.jpg, '' Exema'', fecal case File:Exema larva.jpg, ''Exema'', larva File:Neochlamisus larval case ...
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Cryptocephalini
The Cryptocephalini are a tribe within the leaf beetle subfamily Cryptocephalinae The Cryptocephalinae are a subfamily of the leaf beetles ( Chrysomelidae), and belong to the group of case-bearing leaf beetles called the Camptosomata. The tribes Fulcidacini and Clytrini were formerly considered subfamilies of their own, a .... As the other Cryptocephalinae, they belong to the group of case-bearing leaf beetles known as Camptosomata. Some species are myrmecophilous.Agrain F.A., M. Buffington, C.S. Chaboo, M.L. Chamorro, & M.E. Schöller. 2015. Leaf beetles are ant-nest beetles: the curious life histories of the juvenile stages of case-bearers (Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae). ZooKeys 547: 133–164. Selected genera *'' Aporocera'' Saunders, 1842 *'' Bassareus'' Haldeman, 1849 *'' Cadmus'' Erichson, 1842 *'' Cryptocephalus'' Chapuis, 1875 *'' Diachus'' J.L.LeConte, 1880 *'' Griburius'' Haldeman, 1849 *'' Lexiphanes'' Gistel, 1836 *'' Pachybrachis'' Chevrolat, 1836 *' ...
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Clytrini
The Clytrini are a tribe within the leaf beetle subfamily Cryptocephalinae, though historically they were often treated as a distinct subfamily, Clytrinae. As the other Cryptocephalinae, they belong to the group of case-bearing leaf beetles known as Camptosomata. Clytrini are known for their myrmecophily. Selected genera and species * '' Anomoea'' Agassiz, 1846 ** '' Anomoea flavokansiensis'' Moldenke, 1970 ** '' Anomoea laticlavia'' Forster, 1771 ** '' Anomoea nitidicollis'' Schaeffer, 1919 ** '' Anomoea rufifrons'' Lacordaire, 1848 * '' Babia'' Chevrolat, 1836 ** '' Babia quadriguttatus'' Olivier, 1796 ** '' Babia tetraspilota'' Leconte, 1858 * ''Cheilotoma'' Chevrolat, 1836 * '' Chilotomina'' * ''Clytra'' Laicharting, 1781 **''Clytra laeviuscula'' Ratzeburg, 1837 * ''Coleorozena'' Moldenke, 1981 ** ''Coleorozena alicula'' Fall, 1927 ** ''Coleorozena fulvilabris'' Jacoby, 1888 ** ''Coleorozena lecontii'' Crotch, 1873 ** '' Coleorozena longicollis'' Jacoby, 1888 ** ''Coleor ...
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Fulcidacini
The Fulcidacini, sometimes known as the warty leaf beetles, are a tribe within the leaf beetle subfamily Cryptocephalinae, though historically they were often treated as a distinct subfamily, Chlamisinae. 11 genera with altogether about 400 species are currently placed here; some four-fifths of the species are found in the Neotropics, but the rest is distributed over all other continents except Antarctica. Genera and some selected species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ... include: * '' Chlamisus'' Rafinesque, 1815 ** '' Chlamisus amyemae'' Reid, 1991 ** '' Chlamisus arizonensis'' Linell, 1898 ** '' Chlamisus aterrimus'' Lea, 1904 ** '' Chlamisus flavidus'' Karren, 1972 ** '' Chlamisus foveolatus'' Knoch, 1801 ** '' Chlamisus huachucae'' Schaeffer, 1906 ** '' C ...
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Camptosomata
Camptosomata are the case-bearing leaf beetles or camptosomates, named for their larval habit of carrying a case of waste material. This group consists of two subfamilies of Chrysomelidae (leaf beetles): Lamprosomatinae and Cryptocephalinae (which include the former Chlamisinae and Clytrinae The Clytrini are a tribe within the leaf beetle subfamily Cryptocephalinae, though historically they were often treated as a distinct subfamily, Clytrinae. As the other Cryptocephalinae, they belong to the group of case-bearing leaf beetles known ...). Each case begins as a wrapping that the mother creates by laying plates of fecal material around each egg. She begins at one end of the egg and turns it with the addition of each plate. She then closes it by creating a "roof" at the other end. When the larva hatches from the egg, it opens the roof of the egg case. it then extends it head and legs from this opening, flips the case over its back and crawls away. Larval camptosomates add ...
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Cryptocephalus Nitidus
''Cryptocephalus'' is a genus of leaf beetles in the subfamily Cryptocephalinae and belonging to the group of case-bearing leaf beetles called the Camptosomata Camptosomata are the case-bearing leaf beetles or camptosomates, named for their larval habit of carrying a case of waste material. This group consists of two subfamilies of Chrysomelidae (leaf beetles): Lamprosomatinae and Cryptocephalinae (whi .... File:Cryptocephalus nitidus01.jpg, '' Cryptocephalus nitidus'' File:Cryptocephalus pini 3 beentree.jpg, '' Cryptocephalus pini'' File:Cryptocephalus sericeus.jpg, '' Cryptocephalus sericeus'' See also * List of Cryptocephalus species References External links * * European Chrysomelidae''Cryptocephalus''by Lech Borowiec. Retrieved 2007-JAN-08. {{Taxonbar, from=Q1755293 Cryptocephalinae Chrysomelidae genera Taxa named by Étienne Louis Geoffroy ...
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Chrysomelidae
The insects of the beetle family Chrysomelidae are commonly known as leaf beetles, and include over 37,000 (and probably at least 50,000) species in more than 2,500 genera, making up one of the largest and most commonly encountered of all beetle families. Numerous subfamilies are recognized, but the precise taxonomy and systematics are likely to change with ongoing research. Leaf beetles are partially recognizable by their tarsal formula, which appears to be 4-4-4, but is actually 5-5-5 as the fourth tarsal segment is very small and hidden by the third. As with many taxa, no single character defines the Chrysomelidae; instead, the family is delineated by a set of characters. Some lineages are only distinguished with difficulty from longhorn beetles (family Cerambycidae), namely by the antennae not arising from frontal tubercles. Adult and larval leaf beetles feed on all sorts of plant tissue, and all species are fully herbivorous. Many are serious pests of cultivated plants, ...
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Exema
''Exema'' is a genus of leaf beetles in the tribe Fulcidacini. They occur worldwide, with 9 species in North America North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Car ... for example. Selected species *'' Exema byersi'' Karren, 1966Balsbaugh & Hays (1972) *'' Exema canadensis'' Pierce, 1940Insect Photo Album''Exema'' Species Retrieved 2006-DEC-17. *''Exema chiricahuana'' Pierce, 1941 *'' Exema conspersa'' Mannerheim, 1843 *'' Exema deserti'' Pierce, 1940 *'' Exema dispar'' Lacordaire, 1848 *'' Exema elliptica'' Karren, 1966 *'' Exema gibber'' Fabricius, 1798 *''Exema globensis'' Pierce, 1940 *''Exema inyoensis'' Pierce, 1940 *''Exema jenksi'' Pierce, 1940 *'' Exema mormona'' Karren, 1966 *'' Exema neglecta'' Blatchley, 1920 *''Exema parvisaxi'' Pierce 1940 Footnotes References ...
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Neochlamisus
''Neochlamisus'' is a genus of leaf beetles in the tribe Fulcidacini (the warty leaf beetles). They are members of the case-bearing leaf beetle group, the Camptosomata. Measuring 3–4 millimeters in length as adults, they are cryptic, superficially resembling caterpillar frass. Seventeen, sometimes 18 species are presently accepted in this genus, all of them occurring in North America (including Mexico; some were previously in the genus '' Chlamisus''). Life history In the spring, female ''Neochlamisus'' lay eggs singly on the leaves or stems of their host plant and then form a case of fecal material around each. The larvae remain on the natal host plant and add to and enlarge their fecal cases as they grow. Case enlargement in ''Neochlamisus'' is an elaborate process that larvae perform regularly until the case is sealed to the substrate prior to pupation. During this stage of the life cycle, beetles are immobile and are particularly vulnerable to predation. After about twe ...
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Leonard Gyllenhaal
Leonard Gyllenhaal (3 December 1752 – 13 May 1840) was a Swedish military officer and entomologist. Born on the Ribbingsberg manor in Västergötland in west Sweden, Leonard Gyllenhaal was son of an army officer and belonged to a family of the lower nobility. He went to school ( Skara trivialskola) in the cathedral town of Skara together with, among others, the future poet Johan Henrik Kellgren, and later renowned naturalists Anders Dahl and the brothers Adam and Johan Afzelius, with whom he went on natural excursions. Like some of his friends, he went to Uppsala to study under Linnaeus in 1769. He never matriculated and remained in Uppsala only one semester, before switching to a military career in accordance with the wishes and traditions of the family, enrolling in the '' Adelsfanan'' ( "Banner of Nobles") cavalry regiment, and a few years later transferring to the drabantkåren (Garde du Corps). Gyllenhaal, however, remained in contact with Linnaeus through an exte ...
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Tribe (biology)
In biology, a tribe is a taxonomic rank above genus, but below family and subfamily. It is sometimes subdivided into subtribes. By convention, all taxonomic ranks from genus upwards are capitalized, including both tribe and subtribe. In zoology, the standard ending for the name of a zoological tribe is "-ini". Examples include the tribes Caprini (goat-antelopes), Hominini (hominins), Bombini (bumblebees), and Thunnini (tunas). The tribe Hominini is divided into subtribes by some scientists; subtribe Hominina then comprises "humans". The standard ending for the name of a zoological subtribe is "-ina". In botany, the standard ending for the name of a botanical tribe is "-eae". Examples include the tribes Acalypheae and Hyacintheae. The tribe Hyacintheae is divided into subtribes, including the subtribe Massoniinae. The standard ending for the name of a botanical subtribe is "-inae". In bacteriology, the form of tribe names is as in botany, e.g., Pseudomonadeae, based on the ge ...
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Taxa Named By Leonard Gyllenhaal
In biology, a taxon (back-formation from ''Taxonomy (biology), taxonomy''; plural taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular name and given a particular Taxonomic rank, ranking, especially if and when it is accepted or becomes established. It is very common, however, for taxonomists to remain at odds over what belongs to a taxon and the criteria used for inclusion. If a taxon is given a formal scientific name, its use is then governed by one of the nomenclature codes specifying which scientific name is correct for a particular grouping. Initial attempts at classifying and ordering organisms (plants and animals) were set forth in Carl Linnaeus's Linnaean taxonomy, system in ''Systema Naturae'', 10th edition (1758), as well as an unpublished work by Bernard de Jussieu, Bernard and Antoine Laurent de Jussieu. The idea of a unit-based system of bio ...
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